Créer un schéma lorsque vous créez un sujet

Créez un sujet et un schéma.

En savoir plus

Pour obtenir une documentation détaillée incluant cet exemple de code, consultez les articles suivants :

Associer un schéma à un sujet

Exemple de code

C++

Avant d'essayer cet exemple, suivez les instructions de configuration de C++ décrites dans le guide de démarrage rapide de Pub/Sub à l'aide des bibliothèques clientes. Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation de référence de l'API Pub/Sub C++.

Pour vous authentifier auprès de Pub/Sub, configurez les Identifiants par défaut de l'application. Pour en savoir plus, consultez Configurer l'authentification pour un environnement de développement local.

namespace pubsub = ::google::cloud::pubsub;
namespace pubsub_admin = ::google::cloud::pubsub_admin;
[](pubsub_admin::TopicAdminClient client, std::string project_id,
   std::string topic_id, std::string schema_id, std::string const& encoding) {
  google::pubsub::v1::Topic request;
  request.set_name(pubsub::Topic(project_id, std::move(topic_id)).FullName());
  request.mutable_schema_settings()->set_schema(
      pubsub::Schema(std::move(project_id), std::move(schema_id)).FullName());
  request.mutable_schema_settings()->set_encoding(
      encoding == "JSON" ? google::pubsub::v1::JSON
                         : google::pubsub::v1::BINARY);
  auto topic = client.CreateTopic(request);

  // Note that kAlreadyExists is a possible error when the library retries.
  if (topic.status().code() == google::cloud::StatusCode::kAlreadyExists) {
    std::cout << "The topic already exists\n";
    return;
  }
  if (!topic) throw std::move(topic).status();

  std::cout << "The topic was successfully created: " << topic->DebugString()
            << "\n";
}

C#

Avant d'essayer cet exemple, suivez les instructions de configuration de C# décrites dans le guide de démarrage rapide de Pub/Sub à l'aide des bibliothèques clientes. Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation de référence de l'API Pub/Sub C#.


using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Grpc.Core;
using System;

public class CreateTopicWithSchemaSample
{
    public Topic CreateTopicWithSchema(string projectId, string topicId, string schemaId, Encoding encoding)
    {
        PublisherServiceApiClient publisher = PublisherServiceApiClient.Create();
        var topicName = TopicName.FromProjectTopic(projectId, topicId);
        Topic topic = new Topic
        {
            TopicName = topicName,
            SchemaSettings = new SchemaSettings
            {
                SchemaAsSchemaName = SchemaName.FromProjectSchema(projectId, schemaId),
                Encoding = encoding
            }
        };

        Topic receivedTopic = null;
        try
        {
            receivedTopic = publisher.CreateTopic(topic);
            Console.WriteLine($"Topic {topic.Name} created.");
        }
        catch (RpcException e) when (e.Status.StatusCode == StatusCode.AlreadyExists)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Topic {topicName} already exists.");
        }
        return receivedTopic;
    }
}

Go

Avant d'essayer cet exemple, suivez les instructions de configuration de Go décrites dans le guide de démarrage rapide de Pub/Sub à l'aide des bibliothèques clientes. Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation de référence de l'API Pub/Sub Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub"
)

func createTopicWithSchema(w io.Writer, projectID, topicID, schemaID string, encoding pubsub.SchemaEncoding) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// topicID := "my-topic"
	// schemaID := "my-schema-id"
	// encoding := pubsub.EncodingJSON
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsub.NewClient: %w", err)
	}

	tc := &pubsub.TopicConfig{
		SchemaSettings: &pubsub.SchemaSettings{
			Schema:   fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/schemas/%s", projectID, schemaID),
			Encoding: encoding,
		},
	}
	t, err := client.CreateTopicWithConfig(ctx, topicID, tc)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("CreateTopicWithConfig: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Topic with schema created: %#v\n", t)
	return nil
}

Java

Avant d'essayer cet exemple, suivez les instructions de configuration de Java décrites dans le guide de démarrage rapide de Pub/Sub à l'aide des bibliothèques clientes. Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation de référence de l'API Pub/Sub Java.


import com.google.api.gax.rpc.AlreadyExistsException;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.TopicAdminClient;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.Encoding;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.SchemaName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.SchemaSettings;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.Topic;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.TopicName;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateTopicWithSchemaExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String topicId = "your-topic-id";
    // Use an existing schema.
    String schemaId = "your-schema-id";
    // Choose either BINARY or JSON message serialization in this topic.
    Encoding encoding = Encoding.BINARY;

    createTopicWithSchemaExample(projectId, topicId, schemaId, encoding);
  }

  public static void createTopicWithSchemaExample(
      String projectId, String topicId, String schemaId, Encoding encoding) throws IOException {
    TopicName topicName = TopicName.of(projectId, topicId);
    SchemaName schemaName = SchemaName.of(projectId, schemaId);

    SchemaSettings schemaSettings =
        SchemaSettings.newBuilder().setSchema(schemaName.toString()).setEncoding(encoding).build();

    try (TopicAdminClient topicAdminClient = TopicAdminClient.create()) {

      Topic topic =
          topicAdminClient.createTopic(
              Topic.newBuilder()
                  .setName(topicName.toString())
                  .setSchemaSettings(schemaSettings)
                  .build());

      System.out.println("Created topic with schema: " + topic.getName());
    } catch (AlreadyExistsException e) {
      System.out.println(schemaName + "already exists.");
    }
  }
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const topicNameOrId = 'YOUR_TOPIC_NAME_OR_ID';
// const schemaName = 'YOUR_SCHEMA_NAME_OR_ID';
// const encodingType = 'BINARY';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {PubSub} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Creates a client; cache this for further use
const pubSubClient = new PubSub();

async function createTopicWithSchema(
  topicNameOrId,
  schemaNameOrId,
  encodingType
) {
  // Get the fully qualified schema name.
  const schema = pubSubClient.schema(schemaNameOrId);
  const fullName = await schema.getName();

  // Creates a new topic with a schema. Note that you might also
  // pass Encodings.Json or Encodings.Binary here.
  await pubSubClient.createTopic({
    name: topicNameOrId,
    schemaSettings: {
      schema: fullName,
      encoding: encodingType,
    },
  });
  console.log(`Topic ${topicNameOrId} created with schema ${fullName}.`);
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const topicNameOrId = 'YOUR_TOPIC_NAME_OR_ID';
// const schemaName = 'YOUR_SCHEMA_NAME_OR_ID';
// const encodingType = 'BINARY';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
import {PubSub} from '@google-cloud/pubsub';

// Creates a client; cache this for further use
const pubSubClient = new PubSub();

async function createTopicWithSchema(
  topicNameOrId: string,
  schemaNameOrId: string,
  encodingType: 'BINARY' | 'JSON'
) {
  // Get the fully qualified schema name.
  const schema = pubSubClient.schema(schemaNameOrId);
  const fullName = await schema.getName();

  // Creates a new topic with a schema. Note that you might also
  // pass Encodings.Json or Encodings.Binary here.
  await pubSubClient.createTopic({
    name: topicNameOrId,
    schemaSettings: {
      schema: fullName,
      encoding: encodingType,
    },
  });
  console.log(`Topic ${topicNameOrId} created with schema ${fullName}.`);
}

PHP

Avant d'essayer cet exemple, suivez les instructions de configuration de PHP décrites dans le guide de démarrage rapide de Pub/Sub à l'aide des bibliothèques clientes. Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation de référence de l'API Pub/Sub PHP.

use Google\Cloud\PubSub\PubSubClient;
use Google\Cloud\PubSub\Schema;

/**
 * Create a topic with a schema.
 *
 * @param string $projectId
 * @param string $topicId
 * @param string $schemaId
 * @param string $encoding
 */
function create_topic_with_schema($projectId, $topicId, $schemaId, $encoding)
{
    $pubsub = new PubSubClient([
        'projectId' => $projectId,
    ]);

    $schema = $pubsub->schema($schemaId);

    $topic = $pubsub->createTopic($topicId, [
        'schemaSettings' => [
            // The schema may be provided as an instance of the schema type,
            // or by using the schema ID directly.
            'schema' => $schema,
            // Encoding may be either `BINARY` or `JSON`.
            // Provide a string or a constant from Google\Cloud\PubSub\V1\Encoding.
            'encoding' => $encoding,
        ]
    ]);

    printf('Topic %s created', $topic->name());
}

Python

Avant d'essayer cet exemple, suivez les instructions de configuration de Python décrites dans le guide de démarrage rapide de Pub/Sub à l'aide des bibliothèques clientes. Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation de référence de l'API Pub/Sub Python.

from google.api_core.exceptions import AlreadyExists, InvalidArgument
from google.cloud.pubsub import PublisherClient, SchemaServiceClient
from google.pubsub_v1.types import Encoding

# TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
# project_id = "your-project-id"
# topic_id = "your-topic-id"
# schema_id = "your-schema-id"
# Choose either BINARY or JSON as valid message encoding in this topic.
# message_encoding = "BINARY"

publisher_client = PublisherClient()
topic_path = publisher_client.topic_path(project_id, topic_id)

schema_client = SchemaServiceClient()
schema_path = schema_client.schema_path(project_id, schema_id)

if message_encoding == "BINARY":
    encoding = Encoding.BINARY
elif message_encoding == "JSON":
    encoding = Encoding.JSON
else:
    encoding = Encoding.ENCODING_UNSPECIFIED

try:
    response = publisher_client.create_topic(
        request={
            "name": topic_path,
            "schema_settings": {"schema": schema_path, "encoding": encoding},
        }
    )
    print(f"Created a topic:\n{response}")

except AlreadyExists:
    print(f"{topic_id} already exists.")
except InvalidArgument:
    print("Schema settings are not valid.")

Ruby

Avant d'essayer cet exemple, suivez les instructions de configuration de Ruby décrites dans le guide de démarrage rapide de Pub/Sub à l'aide des bibliothèques clientes. Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation de référence de l'API Pub/Sub Ruby.

# topic_id = "your-topic-id"
# schema_id = "your-schema-id"
# Choose either BINARY or JSON as valid message encoding in this topic.
# message_encoding = :binary

pubsub = Google::Cloud::Pubsub.new

topic = pubsub.create_topic topic_id, schema_name: schema_id, message_encoding: message_encoding

puts "Topic #{topic.name} created."

Étapes suivantes

Pour rechercher et filtrer des exemples de code pour d'autres produits Google Cloud, consultez l'exemple de navigateur Google Cloud.