Connect to an instance using Private Service Connect

MySQL   |  PostgreSQL   |  SQL Server

This page describes how to use Private Service Connect to connect to a Cloud SQL instance.

You can use Private Service Connect to connect to either a primary Cloud SQL instance or any of its read replicas from multiple Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) networks that belong to different groups, teams, projects, or organizations.

Before you begin

Support for using Private Service Connect with a Cloud SQL instance is available for gcloud CLI versions 416.0.0 and later.

User roles

The following table provides information about the roles required to use Private Service Connect with a Cloud SQL instance:

Role	Description
compute.networkAdmin	Grants full control over the VPC network that initiates a connection to a Cloud SQL instance. You can create and manage IP addresses, firewall rules, and Private Service Connect endpoints. If you use Private Service Connect to connect to a Cloud SQL instance from multiple VPC networks, then each network has its own administrator.
dns.admin	Grants full control over Cloud DNS resources, including DNS zones and records.
cloudsql.admin	Provides full control of a Cloud SQL instance and controls the instance over its lifecycle.
cloudsql.instanceUser	Provides access to the Cloud SQL instance. If you connect through the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy client, then you must have the Cloud SQL Client role. If you connect directly, then you don't need any Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles and permissions.

Create a Cloud SQL instance

You can create an instance and enable Private Service Connect for it by using gcloud CLI, Terraform, or the API.

gcloud

To create an instance and enable Private Service Connect for it, use the gcloud sql instances create command:

gcloud sql instances create INSTANCE_NAME \
--project=PROJECT_ID \
--region=REGION_NAME \
--enable-private-service-connect \
--allowed-psc-projects=ALLOWED_PROJECTS \
--availability-type=AVAILABILITY_TYPE \
--no-assign-ip \
--database-version=DATABASE_VERSION
--cpu=NUMBER_OF_vCPUs \
--memory=MEMORY_SIZE \
--root-password=ROOT_PASSWORD

Make the following replacements:

• INSTANCE_NAME: the name of the instance.
• PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the instance.
• REGION_NAME: the region name for the instance.

• ALLOWED_PROJECTS: a list of allowed project IDs or numbers, separated by commas. If a project isn't contained in this list, then you can't use it to create an instance and enable Private Service Connect for it.

• AVAILABILITY_TYPE: enable high availability for the instance. For this parameter, specify one of the following values:
  • REGIONAL: enable high availability and is recommended for production instances. The instance fails over to another zone within your selected region.
  • ZONAL: provide no failover capability. This is the default value.

  For more information about setting and removing high availability for instances, see Configure an existing instance for high availability and Deactivate high availability for an instance.

• DATABASE_VERSION: the database version for the instance (for example, SQLSERVER_2019_STANDARD).
• NUMBER_OF_vCPUs: the number of cores for the instance.
• MEMORY_SIZE: the amount of memory for the instance.
• ROOT_PASSWORD: the password of the root Cloud SQL user.

Terraform

To create an instance with Private Service Connect enabled, use the google_sql_database_instanceTerraform resource.

resource "google_sql_database_instance" "default" {
  name             = "sqlserver-instance"
  region           = "us-central1"
  database_version = "SQLSERVER_2019_ENTERPRISE"
  root_password    = "INSERT-PASSWORD-HERE"
  settings {
    tier              = "db-custom-2-7680"
    availability_type = "REGIONAL"
    backup_configuration {
      enabled    = true
      start_time = "20:55"
    }
    ip_configuration {
      psc_config {
        psc_enabled               = true
        allowed_consumer_projects = [] # Add consumer project IDs here.
      }
      ipv4_enabled = false
    }
  }
  deletion_protection = false # Set to "true" to prevent destruction of the resource
}

To apply your Terraform configuration in a Google Cloud project, complete the steps in the following sections.

Prepare Cloud Shell

1. Launch Cloud Shell.

2. Set the default Google Cloud project where you want to apply your Terraform configurations.

   You only need to run this command once per project, and you can run it in any directory.

   export GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT=PROJECT_ID

   Environment variables are overridden if you set explicit values in the Terraform configuration file.

Prepare the directory

Each Terraform configuration file must have its own directory (also called a root module).

1. In Cloud Shell, create a directory and a new file within that directory. The filename must have the .tf extension—for example main.tf. In this tutorial, the file is referred to as main.tf.

   mkdir DIRECTORY && cd DIRECTORY && touch main.tf

2. If you are following a tutorial, you can copy the sample code in each section or step.

   Copy the sample code into the newly created main.tf.

   Optionally, copy the code from GitHub. This is recommended when the Terraform snippet is part of an end-to-end solution.

3. Review and modify the sample parameters to apply to your environment.
4. Save your changes.
5. Initialize Terraform. You only need to do this once per directory.

   terraform init

   Optionally, to use the latest Google provider version, include the -upgrade option:

   terraform init -upgrade

Apply the changes

1. Review the configuration and verify that the resources that Terraform is going to create or update match your expectations:

   terraform plan

   Make corrections to the configuration as necessary.

2. Apply the Terraform configuration by running the following command and entering yes at the prompt:

   terraform apply

   Wait until Terraform displays the "Apply complete!" message.

3. Open your Google Cloud project to view the results. In the Google Cloud console, navigate to your resources in the UI to make sure that Terraform has created or updated them.

Note: Terraform samples typically assume that the required APIs are enabled in your Google Cloud project.

REST v1

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the instance.
• INSTANCE_NAME: the name of the instance.
• REGION_NAME: the region name for the instance.
• ROOT_PASSWORD: the password of the root Cloud SQL user.
• AVAILABILITY_TYPE: enable high availability for the instance. For this parameter, specify one of the following values:
  • REGIONAL: enable high availability and is recommended for production instances. The instance fails over to another zone within your selected region.
  • ZONAL: provide no failover capability. This is the default value.

  For more information about setting and removing high availability for instances, see Configure an existing instance for high availability and Deactivate high availability for an instance.

• ALLOWED_PROJECTS: a list of allowed project IDs or numbers, separated by commas. If a project isn't contained in this list, then you can't use it to create an instance and enable Private Service Connect for it.

• MACHINE_TYPE: an enumerated string value that represents the machine type for the instance. For example: db-custom-NUMBER_OF_vCPUs-MEMORY_SIZE, where NUMBER_OF_vCPUs and MEMORY_SIZE are the number of cores and the amount of memory that you want for the instance.

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances

Request JSON body:

{
  "name": "INSTANCE_NAME",
  "project": PROJECT_ID",
  "region": "REGION_NAME",
  "databaseVersion": "SQLSERVER_2019_STANDARD",
  "rootPassword": "ROOT_PASSWORD",
  "kind": "sql#instance",
  "settings": {
    "availabilityType": "AVAILABILITY_TYPE",
    "ipConfiguration": {
      "ipv4Enabled": false,
      "pscConfig": {
        "allowedConsumerProjects": [
          "ALLOWED_PROJECTS"
        ],
        "pscEnabled": true
      }
    },
    "kind": "sql#settings",
    "pricingPlan": "PER_USE",
    "replicationType": "SYNCHRONOUS",
    "tier": "MACHINE_TYPE"
  }
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances" | Select-Object -Expand Content

You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:

{
  "kind": "sql#operation",
  "targetLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances/INSTANCE_NAME",
  "status": "RUNNING",
  "user": "[e-mail]",
  "insertTime": "2020-01-16T02:32:12.281Z",
  "startTime": "2023-06-14T18:48:35.499Z",
  "operationType": "CREATE",
  "name": "OPERATION_ID",
  "targetId": "INSTANCE_NAME",
  "selfLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID",
  "targetProject": "PROJECT_ID"
}

REST v1beta4

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the instance.
• INSTANCE_NAME: the name of the instance.
• REGION_NAME: the region name for the instance.
• ROOT_PASSWORD: the password of the root Cloud SQL user.
• AVAILABILITY_TYPE: enable high availability for the instance. For this parameter, specify one of the following values:
  • REGIONAL: enable high availability and is recommended for production instances. The instance fails over to another zone within your selected region.
  • ZONAL: provide no failover capability. This is the default value.

  For more information about setting and removing high availability for instances, see Configure an existing instance for high availability and Deactivate high availability for an instance.

• ALLOWED_PROJECTS: a list of allowed project IDs or numbers, separated by commas. If a project isn't contained in this list, then you can't use it to create an instance and enable Private Service Connect for it.

• MACHINE_TYPE: an enumerated string value that represents the machine type for the instance. For example: db-custom-NUMBER_OF_vCPUs-MEMORY_SIZE, where NUMBER_OF_vCPUs and MEMORY_SIZE are the number of cores and the amount of memory that you want for the instance.

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances

Request JSON body:

{
  "name": "INSTANCE_NAME",
  "project": PROJECT_ID",
  "region": "REGION_NAME",
  "databaseVersion": "SQLSERVER_2019_STANDARD",
  "rootPassword": "ROOT_PASSWORD",
  "kind": "sql#instance",
  "settings": {
    "availabilityType": "AVAILABILITY_TYPE",
    "ipConfiguration": {
      "ipv4Enabled": false,
      "pscConfig": {
        "allowedConsumerProjects": [
          "ALLOWED_PROJECTS"
        ],
        "pscEnabled": true
      }
    },
    "kind": "sql#settings",
    "pricingPlan": "PER_USE",
    "replicationType": "SYNCHRONOUS",
    "tier": "MACHINE_TYPE"
  }
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances" | Select-Object -Expand Content

You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:

{
  "kind": "sql#operation",
  "targetLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/PROJECT_ID/instances/INSTANCE_NAME",
  "status": "RUNNING",
  "user": "[e-mail]",
  "insertTime": "2020-01-16T02:32:12.281Z",
  "startTime": "2023-06-14T18:48:35.499Z",
  "operationType": "CREATE",
  "name": "OPERATION_ID",
  "targetId": "INSTANCE_NAME",
  "selfLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/PROJECT_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID",
  "targetProject": "PROJECT_ID"
}

Get the service attachment

After creating a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled, get the service attachment URI and use it to create the Private Service Connect endpoint.

gcloud

To view summary information about an instance with Private Service Connect enabled, such as the pscServiceAttachmentLink field which displays the URI that points to the service attachment of the instance, use the gcloud sql instances describe command:

gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME \
--project=PROJECT_ID

Note: The service attachment URI is used to create the Private Service Connect endpoint.

Make the following replacements:

• INSTANCE_NAME: the name of the Cloud SQL instance to which Private Service Connect endpoints in VPC networks can connect
• PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the instance

The following example shows a sample output for this command:

gcloud sql instances describe myinstance \
--project=12345

...
pscServiceAttachmentLink: projects/45678/regions/myregion/serviceAttachments/myserviceattachment

Terraform

To get the service attachment URI, use the google_compute_addressTerraform resource.

resource "google_compute_address" "default" {
  name         = "psc-compute-address-${google_sql_database_instance.default.name}"
  region       = "us-central1"
  address_type = "INTERNAL"
  subnetwork   = "default"     # Replace value with the name of the subnet here.
  address      = "10.128.0.44" # Replace value with the IP address to reserve.
}

data "google_sql_database_instance" "default" {
  name = resource.google_sql_database_instance.default.name
}

resource "google_compute_forwarding_rule" "default" {
  name                  = "psc-forwarding-rule-${google_sql_database_instance.default.name}"
  region                = "us-central1"
  network               = "default"
  ip_address            = google_compute_address.default.self_link
  load_balancing_scheme = ""
  target                = data.google_sql_database_instance.default.psc_service_attachment_link
}

To apply your Terraform configuration in a Google Cloud project, complete the steps in the following sections.

Prepare Cloud Shell

1. Launch Cloud Shell.

2. Set the default Google Cloud project where you want to apply your Terraform configurations.

   You only need to run this command once per project, and you can run it in any directory.

   export GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT=PROJECT_ID

   Environment variables are overridden if you set explicit values in the Terraform configuration file.

Prepare the directory

Each Terraform configuration file must have its own directory (also called a root module).

1. In Cloud Shell, create a directory and a new file within that directory. The filename must have the .tf extension—for example main.tf. In this tutorial, the file is referred to as main.tf.

   mkdir DIRECTORY && cd DIRECTORY && touch main.tf

2. If you are following a tutorial, you can copy the sample code in each section or step.

   Copy the sample code into the newly created main.tf.

   Optionally, copy the code from GitHub. This is recommended when the Terraform snippet is part of an end-to-end solution.

3. Review and modify the sample parameters to apply to your environment.
4. Save your changes.
5. Initialize Terraform. You only need to do this once per directory.

   terraform init

   Optionally, to use the latest Google provider version, include the -upgrade option:

   terraform init -upgrade

Apply the changes

1. Review the configuration and verify that the resources that Terraform is going to create or update match your expectations:

   terraform plan

   Make corrections to the configuration as necessary.

2. Apply the Terraform configuration by running the following command and entering yes at the prompt:

   terraform apply

   Wait until Terraform displays the "Apply complete!" message.

3. Open your Google Cloud project to view the results. In the Google Cloud console, navigate to your resources in the UI to make sure that Terraform has created or updated them.

Note: Terraform samples typically assume that the required APIs are enabled in your Google Cloud project.

Create a Private Service Connect endpoint

You can reserve an internal IP address for the Private Service Connect endpoint and create an endpoint with that address. To create the endpoint, you need the service attachment URI and the projects that are allowed for the instance.

gcloud

1. To reserve an internal IP address for the Private Service Connect endpoint, use the gcloud compute addresses create command:

   gcloud compute addresses create ADDRESS_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --region=REGION_NAME \
   --subnet=SUBNET_NAME \
   --addresses=INTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS

   Make the following replacements:

   • ADDRESS_NAME: the name of the internal IP address.
   • PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project for the endpoint.
   • REGION_NAME: the region name for the endpoint.
   • SUBNET_NAME: the subnet name for the IP address.
   • INTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS: the IP address to reserve. This IP address must be within the subnet's primary IP range. The IP address can be an RFC 1918 address or a subnet with non-RFC ranges.

2. To verify that the IP address is reserved, use the gcloud compute addresses list command:

   gcloud compute addresses list ADDRESS_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID

   In the response, verify that a RESERVED status appears for the IP address.

3. To create the Private Service Connect endpoint and point it to the Cloud SQL service attachment, use the gcloud compute forwarding-rules create command:

   gcloud compute forwarding-rules create ENDPOINT_NAME \
   --address=ADDRESS_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --region=REGION_NAME \
   --network=NETWORK_NAME \
   --target-service-attachment=SERVICE_ATTACHMENT_URI

   Make the following replacements:

   • ENDPOINT_NAME: the name of the endpoint
   • NETWORK_NAME: the name of the VPC network for the endpoint
   • SERVICE_ATTACHMENT_URI: the URI of the service attachment

4. To verify that the service attachment accepts the endpoint, use the gcloud compute forwarding-rules describe command:

   gcloud compute forwarding-rules describe ENDPOINT_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --region=REGION_NAME

   In the response, verify that an ACCEPTED status appears for the pscConnectionStatus field. The endpoint can connect to the service attachment.

Connect to a Cloud SQL instance

You can connect to a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled by using an internal IP address, a DNS record, the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy, the Cloud SQL Language Connectors, or other Google Cloud applications.

Configure a DNS managed zone and a DNS record

Cloud SQL doesn't create DNS records automatically. Instead, the instance lookup API response provides a suggested DNS name. We recommend that you create the DNS record in a private DNS zone in the corresponding VPC network. This provides a consistent way of using the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy to connect from different networks.

Important: If you're using the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy or the Cloud SQL Language Connectors, then set up a DNS record which matches the recommended DNS name provided for the instance. For more information, see Connect using the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy.

gcloud

1. To view summary information about a Cloud SQL instance, including the DNS name of the instance, use the gcloud sql instances describe command:

   gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID

   Make the following replacements:

   • INSTANCE_NAME: the name of the Cloud SQL instance
   • PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the instance

   In the response, verify that the DNS name appears. This name has the following pattern: INSTANCE_UID.PROJECT_DNS_LABEL.REGION_NAME.sql.goog.. For example: 1a23b4cd5e67.1a2b345c6d27.us-central1.sql.goog..

   Note: DNS names always end with a period (.).

2. To create a private DNS zone, use the gcloud dns managed-zones create command. This zone is associated with the VPC network that's used to connect to the Cloud SQL instance through the Private Service Connect endpoint.

   Note: For each VPC network, create a DNS zone.

   gcloud dns managed-zones create ZONE_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --description=DESCRIPTION \
   --dns-name=DNS_NAME \
   --networks=NETWORK_NAME \
   --visibility=private

   Make the following replacements:

   • ZONE_NAME: the name of the DNS zone
   • PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the zone
   • DESCRIPTION: a description of the zone (for example, a DNS zone for the Cloud SQL instance)
   • DNS_NAME: the DNS name for the zone, such as REGION_NAME.sql.goog. (where REGION_NAME is the region name for the zone)
   • NETWORK_NAME: the name of the VPC network

3. After you create the Private Service Connect endpoint, to create a DNS record in the zone, use the gcloud dns record-sets create command:

   gcloud dns record-sets create DNS_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --type=RRSET_TYPE \
   --rrdatas=RR_DATA \
   --zone=ZONE_NAME

   Make the following replacements:

   • DNS_NAME: the DNS name that you retrieved earlier in this procedure.
   • RRSET_TYPE: the resource record type of the DNS record set (for example, A).
   • RR_DATA: the IP address allocated for the Private Service Connect endpoint (for example, 198.51.100.5). You can also enter multiple values such as rrdata1 rrdata2 rrdata3 (for example, 10.1.2.3 10.2.3.4 10.3.4.5).

Connect directly using a DNS record

Before connecting to a Cloud SQL instance using a DNS record, complete the following actions:

1. Create a Private Service Connect endpoint.
2. Confirm that the service attachment of the instance accepts the endpoint. To verify that the status of the endpoint is ACCEPTED, check the status.
3. Configure a DNS managed zone and a DNS record.

After you meet these conditions, use the DNS name to access the instance from any VPC network where you created the endpoint.

gcloud

1. To retrieve the DNS record of the Private Service Connect endpoint, use the gcloud compute addresses describe command:

   gcloud compute addresses describe DNS_RECORD \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --region=REGION_NAME

   Make the following replacements:

   • DNS_RECORD: the DNS record for the endpoint
   • PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the endpoint
   • REGION_NAME: the region name for the endpoint

2. To connect to the Cloud SQL instance, use the DNS record.

   sqlcmd -S DNS_RECORD -d DATABASE_NAME -U USERNAME

   Make the following replacements:

   • DNS_RECORD: the endpoint's DNS record
   • DATABASE_NAME: the name of the Cloud SQL for SQL Server database that's contained within the instance
   • USERNAME: the name of the user that's connecting to the instance

Connect directly through an internal IP address

Before connecting to a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled, complete the following actions:

1. Create a Private Service Connect endpoint.
2. Confirm that the service attachment of the instance accepts the endpoint. To verify that the status of the endpoint is ACCEPTED, check the status.

After you meet these conditions, use the endpoint's IP address to access the instance from any VPC network where you created the endpoint.

gcloud

1. To retrieve the IP address of the Private Service Connect endpoint, use the gcloud compute addresses describe command:

   gcloud compute addresses describe ADDRESS_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --region=REGION_NAME

   Make the following replacements:

   • ADDRESS_NAME: the name of the endpoint's IP address
   • PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the endpoint
   • REGION_NAME: the region name for the endpoint

2. To connect to the Cloud SQL instance, use the internal IP address.

   sqlcmd -S IP_ADDRESS -d DATABASE_NAME -U USERNAME

   Make the following replacements:

   • IP_ADDRESS: the endpoint's IP address
   • DATABASE_NAME: the name of the Cloud SQL for SQL Server database that's contained within the instance
   • USERNAME: the name of the user that's connecting to the instance

Connect using the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy

The Cloud SQL Auth Proxy is a connector that provides secure access to an instance with Private Service Connect enabled without a need for authorized networks or for configuring SSL.

To allow Cloud SQL Auth Proxy client connections, set up a DNS record which matches the recommended DNS name that's provided for the instance. The DNS record is a mapping between a DNS resource and a domain name.

Download and install the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy

To connect to instances with Private Service Connect enabled, you must download and install the binary for the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy. The binary that you download depends on the operating system, and whether it uses a 32-bit or 64-bit kernel. Most newer hardware uses a 64-bit kernel.

If you're unsure whether your machine is running a 32-bit or 64-bit kernel, then use the uname -a command for Linux or macOS. For Windows, see the Windows documentation.

Start the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy

The Cloud SQL Auth Proxy supports connections to instances with Private Service Connect enabled. For more information, see Start the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy.

gcloud

1. To view summary information about a Cloud SQL instance, including the connection name of the instance, use the gcloud sql instances describe command. This connection name is in the format of PROJECT_ID:REGION_NAME:INSTANCE_NAME.

   gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME \
   --project=PROJECT_ID \
   --format='value(connectionName)'

   Make the following replacements:

   • INSTANCE_NAME: the name of the Cloud SQL instance
   • PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the instance
2. Copy the instance connection name.

3. Launch the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy:

   ./cloud-sql-proxy INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME --psc 

   Replace INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME with the instance connection name that you copied in the previous step.

   Note: Use the psc flag to start the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy to connect to instances with Private Service Connect enabled.

Connect using the Cloud SQL Language Connectors

The Cloud SQL Language Connectors are libraries that provide secure access to a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled without a need for authorized networks or for configuring SSL.

To allow connections with Cloud SQL Language Connectors, set up a DNS record which matches the recommended DNS name that's provided for the instance. The DNS record is a mapping between a DNS resource and a domain name.

The Cloud SQL Language Connectors support Private Service Connect connections through the PSC IP type within their respective libraries.

• Cloud SQL Python Connector
• Cloud SQL Go Connector
• Cloud SQL Java Connector
• Cloud SQL Node.js Connector

Connect from App Engine Standard, Cloud Run, or Cloud Functions

To connect to Cloud SQL instances with Private Service Connect enabled, you can use App Engine Standard, Cloud Run, or Cloud Functions.

In these supported serverless environments, both the Cloud SQL Language Connectors and direct TCP connections by using an IP address and port number are supported. For direct TCP connections, this is the IP address that you reserve when you create the Private Service Connect endpoint. You can specify the IP address as the address for the database host.

If you create a DNS record for the endpoint, then you can specify this record for the host.

Connect from BigQuery

To access data in Cloud SQL and make queries against this data over an internal IP connection, use the
--enable-google-private-path parameter . This parameter is valid only if:

• You use the --no-assign-ip parameter.
• You use the --network parameter to specify the name of the VPC network that you want to use to create an internal connection.

Test connectivity

To test inbound connectivity to a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled, set the IP address of the Private Service Connect endpoint to be the destination IP address.

gcloud

To create a connectivity test for a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled, use the gcloud network-management connectivity-tests create command:

gcloud network-management connectivity-tests create CONNECTIVITY_TEST_NAME \
--source-instance=SOURCE_INSTANCE \
--destination-cloud-sql-instance=DESTINATION_CLOUD_SQL_INSTANCE \
--destination-network=DESTINATION_NETWORK \
--destination-port=DESTINATION_PORT \
--protocol=tcp

Make the following replacements:

• CONNECTIVITY_TEST_NAME: the name of the connectivity test.
• SOURCE_INSTANCE: the URI for the Compute Engine instance where the source IP address is located (for example, projects/myproject/zones/myzone/instances/myinstance).
• DESTINATION_CLOUD_SQL_INSTANCE: the URL for the Cloud SQL instance (for example, projects/myproject/instances/myinstance).
• DESTINATION_NETWORK: the URI for the VPC network where the destination IP address is located (for example, projects/myproject/global/networks/mynetwork).
• DESTINATION_PORT: the port number reserved for the instance. For Cloud SQL for SQL Server instances, the port number is 1433.

Note: In addition to testing connectivity, you can restrict connectivity to Private Service Connect endpoints from service consumers in a VPC network. To do this, use the gcloud compute firewall-rules create command to create a network egress firewall rule. This rule applies to the IP address of an endpoint. For the rule, define the source to be all VMs in the VPC network and specify a tag or service account.

Limitations

• You can set up to 20 Private Service Connect endpoints that connect to the service attachment of a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled.
• The following flags are invalidated or impacted:
  • --no-assign-ip: use this flag because Cloud SQL instances with Private Service Connect enabled aren't supported to use other connectivity types such as external IP connections
  • --authorized-networks: you can't use this flag to add authorized networks
  • --network: you can't use this flag because it's associated with private services access
  • --allocated-ip-range-name: you can't use this flag because allowed IP range names aren't supported
• You can't create an external replica of an instance with Private Service Connect enabled.
• You can't activate or deactivate Private Service Connect on an existing instance.
• You can't configure an instance that has Private Service Connect enabled to use private services access or external IP connections.
  • You can't enable external IP connections on an instance with Private Service Connect enabled.
  • You can't enable private services access or add authorized networks to the instance.
  • You can't change the connectivity type of the instance.
  • You can't use the gcloud sql connect command, Cloud Shell, Cloud Build, or Database Migration Service to connect to Cloud SQL instances with Private Service Connect enabled.
  • When testing connectivity to a Cloud SQL instance with Private Service Connect enabled, you can't set the following items:
    • The instance's internal IP address or DNS name as the destination directly
    • The instance as the source
    • The IP address of the Private Service Connect endpoint as the source
  • IP-based allowlisting by using authorized networks isn't supported.
  • For Cloud SQL instances with Private Service Connect enabled, both Managed Service for Microsoft Active Directory (also called Managed Microsoft AD) and linked servers aren't supported.

  Troubleshoot

  This section contains information about issues associated with Cloud SQL instances with Private Service Connect enabled along with steps for troubleshooting the issues.

  Issue	Troubleshooting
  The service attachment of the instance doesn't accept the Private Service Connect endpoint.	To check the endpoint's status, use the gcloud compute forwarding-rules describe command. gcloud compute forwarding-rules describe ENDPOINT_NAME \ --project=PROJECT_ID \ --region=REGION_NAME \ | grep pscConnectionStatus Make the following replacements: ENDPOINT_NAME: the name of the endpoint PROJECT_ID: the ID or project number of the Google Cloud project that contains the endpoint REGION_NAME: the region name for the endpoint Verify that the status of the endpoint is ACCEPTED. If the status is PENDING, then the instance isn't allowing the Google Cloud project that contains the endpoint. Make sure that the network project in which the endpoint is created is allowed. For more information, see Edit an instance with Private Service Connect enabled.

  What's next

  • Learn more about private IP.
  • Learn more about Private Service Connect.
  • Learn more about creating a read replica of an instance with Private Service Connect enabled.
  • Learn more about cloning an instance with Private Service Connect enabled.
  • Learn more about viewing summary information about instances with Private Service Connect enabled.
  • Learn more about setting and removing high availability for an instance with Private Service Connect enabled.
  • Learn more about editing and deleting an instance with Private Service Connect enabled.