This document provides information about quotas and resource limits for Cloud Pub/Sub.
For more information about tracking your quotas (such as topic or subscription utilization), see Monitoring.
Viewing quota usage and managing quota limits
For a given project, you can use the APIs and services quotas dashboard to view current quotas and usage. You can also use this dashboard to modify one quota at a time.
To modify multiple quotas, use the IAM & admin quotas dashboard
You can use either of the above dashboards to:
- Reduce your quotas.
- Initiate a process to apply for higher quota limit(s).
Quota units
Each measured request or response counts as the greater of 1 kB or the total size of the request or response.
The quota usage for each request or response is rounded up to the nearest
1 kB increment. Consider a publish request with 100 messages of 50
bytes each and a topic name length equal to 30 bytes. The request's quota usage
would be max(1, ceil(5030/1000)) = 6kB.
Project usage attribution
For push subscriber throughput, quota usage is charged against the project that contains the push subscription.
For the following quotas, usage is charged against the project associated with the caller's credentials, not against the project that contains the requested resource (that is, the project that appears in the topic or subscription name):
- Publisher throughput
- Subscriber throughput
- Administrator operations
For example: If a service account in project A sends a publish request to publish to a topic in project B, the quota is charged to project A. Every request contains credentials that include a project ID.
Quota limits
The quotas listed in the following table can be viewed and edited on a per-project basis in the APIs and services quotas dashboard.
| Quota | Default quota limit | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Publisher throughput | 60,000,000 kB per minute (1,000 MB/s) | Quota usage is based on the size of message(s) contained in
PublishRequest:
Note that multiple messages can be included in a single publish request, and there is no additional quota charge per message. |
| Subscriber throughput | 120,000,000 kB per minute (2,000 MB/s) | For pull subscriptions, quota usage is based on the size of
Pull responses, to include:
In addition, |
| Push subscriber throughput | 6,000,000 kB per minute (100 MB/s) | For push delivery requests made to the push endpoint, quota usage is based on the size of requests to the push endpoint. |
| StreamingPull subscriber throughput | 120,000,000 kB per minute (2000 MB/s) | Quota usage is based on the size of StreamingPullResponses:
Note that Client Libraries use StreamingPull operations where possible. |
| Number of open StreamingPull connections | 30,000 open connections at a time | The number of open StreamingPull connections at any given time. See StreamingPull. |
| Rate of StreamingPull connections | 6,000,000 per minute | The rate of opening new StreamingPull connections. See StreamingPull. |
| Administrator operations | 6,000 per minute (100 ops/s) | Each administrator operation, such as
GetTopicRequest
, charges one unit against this quota.
In general, |
Resource limits
| Resource | Limits |
|---|---|
| Project |
10,000 topics 10,000 subscriptions 5,000 snapshots |
| Topic | 10,000 attached subscriptions 5,000 attached snapshots |
| Subscription | Retains unacknowledged messages in persistent storage for 7 days from
the moment of publication. There is no limit on the
number of retained messages. Subscriptions whose client presence has not been detected for 31 days may be automatically deleted. Presence is detected through calls such as Pull,
Acknowledge, and successful push operations.
|
| Publish request | 10MB (total size) 1,000 messages |
| Message | Message size (the data field): 10MB (the maximum request
size)Attributes per message: 100 Attribute key size: 256 bytes Attribute value size: 1024 bytes |
| Push delivery messages | Outstanding messages are
subject to both of the following per-subscription limits:
|
| StreamingPull streams | 10 MB/s per open stream |
| Pull/StreamingPull messages | The service might impose limits on the total number of outstanding StreamingPull messages per connection. If you run into such limits, increase the rate at which you acknowledge messages and the number of connections you use. |
Tips and caveats
High-volume operations
If you use the Cloud SDK gcloud tool with a normal user account (that is, a non-service account), Cloud Pub/Sub operations are limited to a rate suitable for manual operations. Rates in excess of this limit will result in the RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED error. The solution is to make sure that you are using service account credentials. If you wish to use credentials from the Cloud SDK for automation, activate a service account for your Cloud Pub/Sub operations.
Quota mismatches
Quota mismatches can happen when published or received messages are smaller than 1000 bytes. For example:
If you publish 10 500-byte messages in separate requests, your publisher quota usage will be 10,000 bytes. This is because messages that are smaller than 1000 bytes are automatically rounded up to the next 1000-byte increment.
If you receive those 10 messages in a single pull response, your subscriber quota usage might be only 5 kB, since the actual size of each message is combined to determine the overall quota.
The inverse is also true. The subscriber quota usage might be greater than the publisher quota usage if you publish multiple messages in a single publish request or receive the messages in separate Pull requests.
