使用 Google 账号对用户进行身份验证

本页面介绍如何部署 App Engine 标准或柔性环境应用,以及如何使用 Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP) 为该应用提供保护。本快速入门提供了用于验证登录用户姓名的 App Engine 标准环境 Web 应用示例代码,并使用 Cloud Shell 克隆和部署示例应用。您可以参考本快速入门来为自己的 App Engine 标准环境或 App Engine 柔性环境应用启用 IAP。

如果您打算通过内容分发网络 (CDN) 传送资源,请参阅最佳做法指南了解重要信息。

当 App Engine 应用包含多项服务时,您可以在不同服务上配置不同的 IAP 权限,包括仅将部分服务设为可公开访问以保护他人的安全


如需在 Google Cloud 控制台中直接遵循有关此任务的分步指导,请点击操作演示

操作演示


准备工作

  1. 登录您的 Google Cloud 账号。如果您是 Google Cloud 新手,请创建一个账号来评估我们的产品在实际场景中的表现。新客户还可获享 $300 赠金,用于运行、测试和部署工作负载。
  2. 在 Google Cloud Console 中的项目选择器页面上,选择或创建一个 Google Cloud 项目

    转到“项目选择器”

  3. 确保您的 Google Cloud 项目已启用结算功能

  4. 在 Google Cloud Console 中的项目选择器页面上,选择或创建一个 Google Cloud 项目

    转到“项目选择器”

  5. 确保您的 Google Cloud 项目已启用结算功能

准备工作

如需为 App Engine 启用 IAP,您需要以下各项:

  • 启用了结算功能的 Google Cloud 控制台项目。

如果您尚未设置 App Engine 实例,请参阅部署 App Engine,了解完整演示。

IAP 使用 Google 管理的 OAuth 客户端对用户进行身份验证。只有组织内的用户才能访问支持 IAP 的应用。如果您想允许组织外部用户访问,请参阅为外部应用启用 IAP

启用 IAP

控制台

使用 Google Cloud 控制台启用 IAP 时,无法使用 Google 管理的 OAuth 客户端。

Dynamic include file

If you haven't configured your project's OAuth consent screen, you'll be prompted to do so. To configure your OAuth consent screen, see Setting up your OAuth consent screen.

Setting up IAP access

  1. Go to the Identity-Aware Proxy page.
    Go to the Identity-Aware Proxy page
  2. Select the project you want to secure with IAP.
  3. Select the checkbox next to the resource you want to grant access to.
  4. On the right side panel, click Add principal.
  5. In the Add principals dialog that appears, enter the email addresses of groups or individuals who should have the IAP-secured Web App User role for the project.

    The following kinds of principals can have this role:

    • Google Account: user@gmail.com
    • Google Group: admins@googlegroups.com
    • Service account: server@example.gserviceaccount.com
    • Google Workspace domain: example.com

    Make sure to add a Google Account that you have access to.

  6. Select Cloud IAP > IAP-secured Web App User from the Roles drop-down list.
  7. Click Save.

Turning on IAP

  1. On the Identity-Aware Proxy page, under APPLICATIONS, find the application you want to restrict access to. To turn on IAP for a resource,
  2. In the Turn on IAP window that appears, click Turn On to confirm that you want IAP to secure your resource. After you turn on IAP, it requires login credentials for all connections to your load balancer. Only accounts with the IAP-Secured Web App User role on the project will be given access.

gcloud

Before you set up your project and IAP, you need an up-to-date version of the gcloud CLI. For instructions on how to install the gcloud CLI, see Install the gcloud CLI.

  1. To authenticate, use the Google Cloud CLI and run the following command.
    gcloud auth login
  2. Click the URL that appears and sign in.
  3. After you sign in, copy the verification code that appears and paste it in the command line.
  4. Run the following command to specify the project that contains the applications that you want to protect with IAP.
    gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
  5. To enable IAP, run the following command.
    gcloud iap web enable --resource-type=app-engine --versions=version

After you enable IAP, you can use the gcloud CLI to modify the IAP access policy using the IAM role roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor. Learn more about managing roles and permissions.

API

  1. Run the following command to prepare a settings.json file.

    cat << EOF > settings.json
    {
    "iap":
      {
        "enabled":true
      }
    }
    EOF
    

  2. Run the following command to enable IAP.

    curl -X PATCH \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Accept: application/json" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d @settings.json \
    "https://appengine.googleapis.com/v1/apps/PROJECT_ID?updateMask=iap"
    

After you enable IAP, you can use the Google Cloud CLI to modify the IAP access policy using the IAM role roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor. Learn more about managing roles and permissions.

测试用户身份验证

  1. 使用您添加到 IAP 且拥有 IAP-secured Web App User 角色的 Google 账号访问应用网址,如上所述。您应该对该应用具有不受限制的访问权限。

  2. 使用 Chrome 中的无痕式窗口访问该应用,并根据提示登录。如果您尝试使用未经 IAP-secured Web App User 角色授权的账号访问该应用,则会看到一条消息,提示您无权访问。

后续步骤