How-to Guides

Writing Cloud Functions

• Overview

  Overview of writing Cloud Functions.

• Write HTTP functions

  Learn how to write Cloud Functions that are invoked by standard HTTP(S) requests.

• Write event-driven functions

  Learn how to write Cloud Functions that are invoked automatically in response to events that occur in your cloud environment.

• Specifying Dependencies for Node.js

  Learn how to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in Node.js.

• Specifying Dependencies for Python

  Learn how to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in Python.

• Specifying Dependencies for Go

  Learn how to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in Go.

• Specifying Dependencies for Java

  Learn how to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in Java.

• Specifying Dependencies for .NET

  Learn how to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in the .NET languages.

• Specifying Dependencies for Ruby

  Learn how to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in Ruby.

• Specifying Dependencies for PHP

  Learn how to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in PHP.

Deploying Cloud Functions

• Deploy a Cloud Function

  Learn how to deploy a Cloud Function from source code.

Calling Cloud Functions

• Cloud Functions triggers

  Overview of different triggers supported by Cloud Functions.

• HTTP triggers

  Use HTTP(S) requests to trigger Cloud Functions.

• Eventarc triggers

  Use any event type supported by Eventarc to trigger Cloud Functions.

• Pub/Sub triggers

  Asynchronously trigger Cloud Functions via messages on a Pub/Sub topic.

• Cloud Storage triggers

  Trigger Cloud Functions in response to changes in a Cloud Storage bucket.

• Calling Cloud Functions Directly

  Learn how to manually invoke a Cloud Function via the Google Cloud CLI and Google Cloud console.

• Cloud Firestore Triggers

  Trigger Cloud Functions in response to Firestore events.

• Google Analytics for Firebase Triggers

  Trigger Cloud Functions in response to Google Analytics for Firebase events.

• Firebase Realtime Database Triggers

  Trigger Cloud Functions in response to Firebase Realtime Database events.

• Firebase Authentication Triggers

  Trigger Cloud Functions in response to Firebase authentication events.

• Second-Party Triggers with Cloud Logging

  Trigger Cloud Functions in response to events from Google Cloud Platform services that produce Cloud Logging audit logs.

• Using Cloud Scheduler to Trigger a Cloud Function

  Invoke a Cloud Function on a time-based schedule using Cloud Scheduler and a Cloud Pub/Sub trigger. This enables you to set up cron jobs which run periodically at specific time intervals.

Testing Cloud Functions

• Testing Basics

  Learn how to create unit, system, and integration testing with Cloud Functions.

• Testing HTTP Functions

  Learn how to test HTTP Cloud Functions. Cloud Functions can be either HTTP functions or event-driven functions.

• Testing Event-Driven Functions

  Learn how to test event-driven Cloud Functions. You use event-driven functions when you want to have your Cloud Function invoked indirectly in response to an event, such as a message on a Cloud Pub/Sub topic, a change in a Cloud Storage bucket, or a Firebase event.

• CI/CD

  Learn how to configure a continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD) pipeline to run Cloud Functions tests on an ongoing basis.

Cloud Functions Networking

• Connecting to a VPC network

  Learn how to connect your functions to resources in a VPC network using Serverless VPC Access.

• Connecting to a Shared VPC network

  Learn how to connect your functions to resources in a Shared VPC network using Serverless VPC Access.

• Configuring network settings

  Use Cloud Functions network settings to control network ingress and egress to and from individual functions.

Securing Cloud Functions

• Managing Access via IAM

  Learn about using IAM to provide identity-based access control on your functions. Manage a developer's ability to view, create, update and delete functions, and control whether authentication is required to invoke a function.

• Authenticating developers, functions, and end-users

  Learn how to authenticate callers to your functions.

• Function Identity

  Understand what identity your function runs as, how to configure this identity and change its permissions, and how to get identity and access tokens to securely call other functions or Cloud APIs.

• Using VPC Service Controls

  Learn how to use VPC Service Controls with Cloud Functions to add additional security to your functions and guard against data exfiltration.

• Using customer-managed encryption keys

  Learn how to enable customer-managed encryption keys (CMEK) for Cloud Functions.

Monitoring Cloud Functions

• Overview

  Overview of monitoring Cloud Functions.

• Writing and Viewing Logs

  Use logging with Cloud Functions.

• Reporting Errors

  Report errors from Cloud Functions.

• Viewing Monitored Metrics

  View Cloud Functions monitored metrics.

• Using Cloud Audit Logging

  Learn about the default and optional logs created by Cloud Functions as part of Cloud Audit Logging.

Migrating Cloud Functions

• Migrating Cloud Functions to newer Node.js runtimes

  Learn the changes introduced in newer Node.js runtimes and how to update your Node.js functions to run in newer runtimes.

Best Practices

• Tips & Tricks

  Learn best practices for writing, testing, and deploying Cloud Functions.

• Retrying Event-Driven Functions

  Learn how to enable retrying of event-driven functions upon failure.

• Optimizing Networking

  Learn how to optimize networking in your functions to minimize the likelihood of running out of DNS or connection quotas.

Configuring Cloud Functions

• Concurrency

  Prevent cold starts by handling multiple concurrent requests on a single function instance.

• Using Maximum Instances

  Use the maximum instances feature to limit the degree to which your function scales in response to incoming requests.

• Using Minimum Instances

  Use the minimum instances feature to avoid cold starts for your application and reduce application latency.

• Using Secrets

  Use Secret Manager with Cloud Functions to securely store and access sensitive information like API keys or passwords.

• Using Environment Variables

  Define environment variables that will be accessible to your Cloud Functions code at runtime.

• Traffic splitting

  Split traffic between different revisions of a Cloud Function or roll your function back to a prior revision.

Integrating with Cloud Databases

• Connecting to Cloud SQL

  Connect your Cloud Functions to Cloud SQL instances using a local socket interface provided in the Cloud Functions execution environment.

• Connecting to Cloud Spanner

  Connect your Cloud Functions to Cloud Spanner.

• Connecting to Firestore

  Connect your Cloud Functions to Firestore.

Testing Locally

• Functions Framework

  Use the Functions Framework to run, and debug Cloud Functions on your local machine before deploying them to production.