Neste documento, você verá como usar as bibliotecas de cliente do Cloud para o Compute Engine. Descreve como listar, criar e excluir instâncias de máquina virtual (VM, na sigla em inglês). Você também aprenderá a verificar o status de uma operação de longa duração. Execute este exemplo pela máquina local ou em uma instância de VM, desde que você tenha autorizado a amostra corretamente.
Para uma lista completa das bibliotecas de cliente disponíveis, inclusive outras bibliotecas de cliente e de código aberto de terceiros, consulte as bibliotecas de cliente do Compute Engine.
Custos
Neste documento, você vai usar os seguintes componentes faturáveis do Google Cloud:
- Compute Engine
Para gerar uma estimativa de custo baseada na projeção de uso deste tutorial, use a calculadora de preços.
Novos usuários do Google Cloud podem estar qualificados para uma avaliação gratuita.
Antes de começar
Antes de começar, siga as etapas de configuração na biblioteca de cliente do Compute Engine para a biblioteca de cliente que você quer usar.
Os exemplos neste documento exigem que você forneça informações sobre a VM que quer criar, como localização, tipo de máquina e imagem de origem. Para detalhes sobre esses valores, consulte os seguintes documentos:
Criar uma instância
O exemplo a seguir define uma instância que usa um nome, tipo de máquina,
rede, imagem de origem e disco especificados. Em seguida, ele cria (insere) a instância
em um projeto e uma zona fornecidos. Neste exemplo, a instância se conecta
à rede default, que é criada automaticamente para cada projeto. Você
receberá uma mensagem quando a API criar a instância.
Ao criar uma instância de máquina virtual (VM), você também precisa anexar um disco de inicialização à VM. Esse disco contém todos os arquivos necessários para iniciar uma VM, incluindo uma imagem do SO pública ou personalizada.
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class CreateInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task CreateInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine",
string machineType = "n1-standard-1",
string diskImage = "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-12",
long diskSizeGb = 10,
string networkName = "default")
{
Instance instance = new Instance
{
Name = machineName,
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information on machine types.
MachineType = $"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machineType}",
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
Disks =
{
new AttachedDisk
{
AutoDelete = true,
Boot = true,
Type = ComputeEnumConstants.AttachedDisk.Type.Persistent,
InitializeParams = new AttachedDiskInitializeParams
{
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
SourceImage = diskImage,
DiskSizeGb = diskSizeGb
}
}
},
NetworkInterfaces = { new NetworkInterface { Name = networkName } }
};
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
var instanceCreation = await client.InsertAsync(projectId, zone, instance);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
// The server-side operation is not affected by polling,
// and might finish successfully even if polling times out.
await instanceCreation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// createInstance sends an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
func createInstance(w io.Writer, projectID, zone, instanceName, machineType, sourceImage, networkName string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
// machineType := "n1-standard-1"
// sourceImage := "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-12"
// networkName := "global/networks/default"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
req := &computepb.InsertInstanceRequest{
Project: projectID,
Zone: zone,
InstanceResource: &computepb.Instance{
Name: proto.String(instanceName),
Disks: []*computepb.AttachedDisk{
{
InitializeParams: &computepb.AttachedDiskInitializeParams{
DiskSizeGb: proto.Int64(10),
SourceImage: proto.String(sourceImage),
},
AutoDelete: proto.Bool(true),
Boot: proto.Bool(true),
Type: proto.String(computepb.AttachedDisk_PERSISTENT.String()),
},
},
MachineType: proto.String(fmt.Sprintf("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType)),
NetworkInterfaces: []*computepb.NetworkInterface{
{
Name: proto.String(networkName),
},
},
},
}
op, err := instancesClient.Insert(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to create instance: %w", err)
}
if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance created\n")
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstance {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
String instanceName = "instance-name";
createInstance(project, zone, instanceName);
}
// Create a new instance with the provided "instanceName" value in the specified project and zone.
public static void createInstance(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// Below are sample values that can be replaced.
// machineType: machine type of the VM being created.
// * This value uses the format zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}.
// * For a list of machine types, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types
// sourceImage: path to the operating system image to mount.
// * For details about images you can mount, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images
// diskSizeGb: storage size of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
// networkName: network interface to associate with the instance.
String machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/n1-standard-1", zone);
String sourceImage = String
.format("projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/%s", "debian-11");
long diskSizeGb = 10L;
String networkName = "default";
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to safely
// clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk and one network interface.
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(true)
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setDeviceName("disk-1")
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.build())
.build();
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(networkName)
.build();
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addDisks(disk)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s %n", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource)
.build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME'
// const machineType = 'n1-standard-1';
// const sourceImage = 'projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11';
// const networkName = 'global/networks/default';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// Create a new instance with the values provided above in the specified project and zone.
async function createInstance() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
console.log(`Creating the ${instanceName} instance in ${zone}...`);
const [response] = await instancesClient.insert({
instanceResource: {
name: instanceName,
disks: [
{
// Describe the size and source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
initializeParams: {
diskSizeGb: '10',
sourceImage,
},
autoDelete: true,
boot: true,
type: 'PERSISTENT',
},
],
machineType: `zones/${zone}/machineTypes/${machineType}`,
networkInterfaces: [
{
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
name: networkName,
},
],
},
project: projectId,
zone,
});
let operation = response.latestResponse;
const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();
// Wait for the create operation to complete.
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
});
}
console.log('Instance created.');
}
createInstance();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDisk;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Enums\AttachedDisk\Type;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\InsertInstanceRequest;
/**
* To correctly handle string enums in Cloud Compute library
* use constants defined in the Enums subfolder.
*/
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Instance;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\NetworkInterface;
/**
* Creates an instance in the specified project and zone.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID of the Cloud project to create the instance in.
* @param string $zone Zone to create the instance in (like "us-central1-a").
* @param string $instanceName Unique name for this Compute Engine instance.
* @param string $machineType Machine type of the instance being created.
* @param string $sourceImage Boot disk image name or family.
* @param string $networkName Network interface to associate with the instance.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function create_instance(
string $projectId,
string $zone,
string $instanceName,
string $machineType = 'n1-standard-1',
string $sourceImage = 'projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11',
string $networkName = 'global/networks/default'
) {
// Set the machine type using the specified zone.
$machineTypeFullName = sprintf('zones/%s/machineTypes/%s', $zone, $machineType);
// Describe the source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
$diskInitializeParams = (new AttachedDiskInitializeParams())
->setSourceImage($sourceImage);
$disk = (new AttachedDisk())
->setBoot(true)
->setAutoDelete(true)
->setType(Type::PERSISTENT)
->setInitializeParams($diskInitializeParams);
// Use the network interface provided in the $networkName argument.
$network = (new NetworkInterface())
->setName($networkName);
// Create the Instance object.
$instance = (new Instance())
->setName($instanceName)
->setDisks([$disk])
->setMachineType($machineTypeFullName)
->setNetworkInterfaces([$network]);
// Insert the new Compute Engine instance using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new InsertInstanceRequest())
->setInstanceResource($instance)
->setProject($projectId)
->setZone($zone);
$operation = $instancesClient->insert($request);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Created instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Instance creation failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
import re
import sys
from typing import Any
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: list[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: list[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
spot: bool = False,
instance_termination_action: str = "STOP",
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not. Preemptible VMs have been deprecated and you should now use Spot VMs.
spot: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be a Spot VM or not.
instance_termination_action: What action should be taken once a Spot VM is terminated.
Possible values: "STOP", "DELETE"
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.network = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.scheduling.on_host_maintenance = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.OnHostMaintenance.TERMINATE.name
)
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
warnings.warn(
"Preemptible VMs are being replaced by Spot VMs.", DeprecationWarning
)
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if spot:
# Set the Spot VM setting
instance.scheduling.provisioning_model = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.ProvisioningModel.SPOT.name
)
instance.scheduling.instance_termination_action = instance_termination_action
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sends an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @param [String] instance_name name of the new virtual machine.
# @param [String] machine_type machine type of the VM being created. For example: "e2-standard-2"
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information
# on machine types.
# @param [String] source_image path to the operating system image to mount on your boot
# disk. This can be one of the public images
# (like "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11")
# or a private image you have access to.
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
# @param [String] network_name name of the network you want the new instance to use.
# For example: "global/networks/default" represents the `default`
# network interface, which is created automatically for each project.
def create_instance project:, zone:, instance_name:,
machine_type: "n2-standard-2",
source_image: "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11",
network_name: "global/networks/default"
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Construct the instance object.
# It can be either a hash or ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance instance.
instance = {
name: instance_name,
machine_type: "zones/#{zone}/machineTypes/#{machine_type}",
# Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
disks: [{
auto_delete: true,
boot: true,
type: :PERSISTENT,
initialize_params: {
source_image: source_image,
disk_size_gb: 10
}
}],
network_interfaces: [{ name: network_name }]
}
# Prepare a request to create the instance in the specified project and zone.
request = { project: project, zone: zone, instance_resource: instance }
puts "Creating the #{instance_name} instance in #{zone}..."
begin
# Send the insert request.
operation = client.insert request
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
operation = wait_until_done operation: operation
if operation.error?
warn "Error during creation:", operation.error
else
compute_operation = operation.operation
warn "Warning during creation:", compute_operation.warnings unless compute_operation.warnings.empty?
puts "Instance #{instance_name} created."
end
rescue ::Google::Cloud::Error => e
warn "Exception during creation:", e
end
endComo listar instâncias
Os exemplos a seguir listam instâncias em um projeto, em uma zona ou em todas:
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListZoneInstancesAsyncSample
{
public async Task<IList<Instance>> ListZoneInstancesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
IList<Instance> allInstances = new List<Instance>();
// Make the request to list all VM instances in the given zone in the specified project.
await foreach(var instance in client.ListAsync(projectId, zone))
{
// The result is an Instance collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Instance: {instance.Name}");
allInstances.Add(instance);
}
return allInstances;
}
}
Você também pode receber uma lista de instâncias em todas as zonas do projeto:
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListAllInstancesAsyncSample
{
public async Task<IList<Instance>> ListAllInstancesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
IList<Instance> allInstances = new List<Instance>();
// Make the request to list all VM instances in a project.
await foreach (var instancesByZone in client.AggregatedListAsync(projectId))
{
// The result contains a KeyValuePair collection, where the key is a zone and the value
// is a collection of instances in that zone.
Console.WriteLine($"Instances for zone: {instancesByZone.Key}");
foreach (var instance in instancesByZone.Value.Instances)
{
Console.WriteLine($"-- Name: {instance.Name}");
allInstances.Add(instance);
}
}
return allInstances;
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
)
// listInstances prints a list of instances created in given project in given zone.
func listInstances(w io.Writer, projectID, zone string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
req := &computepb.ListInstancesRequest{
Project: projectID,
Zone: zone,
}
it := instancesClient.List(ctx, req)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instances found in zone %s:\n", zone)
for {
instance, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s %s\n", instance.GetName(), instance.GetMachineType())
}
return nil
}
Você também pode receber uma lista de instâncias em todas as zonas do projeto:
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// listAllInstances prints all instances present in a project, grouped by their zone.
func listAllInstances(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
// Use the `MaxResults` parameter to limit the number of results that the API returns per response page.
req := &computepb.AggregatedListInstancesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(3),
}
it := instancesClient.AggregatedList(ctx, req)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instances found:\n")
// Despite using the `MaxResults` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
// yourself. The returned iterator object handles pagination
// automatically, returning separated pages as you iterate over the results.
for {
pair, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
instances := pair.Value.Instances
if len(instances) > 0 {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s\n", pair.Key)
for _, instance := range instances {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s %s\n", instance.GetName(), instance.GetMachineType())
}
}
}
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ListInstance {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
listInstances(project, zone);
}
// List all instances in the given zone in the specified project ID.
public static void listInstances(String project, String zone) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Set the project and zone to retrieve instances present in the zone.
System.out.printf("Listing instances from %s in %s:", project, zone);
for (Instance zoneInstance : instancesClient.list(project, zone).iterateAll()) {
System.out.println(zoneInstance.getName());
}
System.out.println("####### Listing instances complete #######");
}
}
}Você também pode receber uma lista de instâncias em todas as zonas do projeto:
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AggregatedListInstancesRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient.AggregatedListPagedResponse;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesScopedList;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
public class ListAllInstances {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample
String project = "your-project-id";
listAllInstances(project);
}
// List all instances in the specified project ID.
public static AggregatedListPagedResponse listAllInstances(String project) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the `setMaxResults` parameter to limit the number of results
// that the API returns per response page.
AggregatedListInstancesRequest aggregatedListInstancesRequest = AggregatedListInstancesRequest
.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(5)
.build();
InstancesClient.AggregatedListPagedResponse response = instancesClient
.aggregatedList(aggregatedListInstancesRequest);
// Despite using the `setMaxResults` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
// yourself. The returned `AggregatedListPager` object handles pagination
// automatically, requesting next pages as you iterate over the results.
for (Map.Entry<String, InstancesScopedList> zoneInstances : response.iterateAll()) {
// Instances scoped by each zone
String zone = zoneInstances.getKey();
if (!zoneInstances.getValue().getInstancesList().isEmpty()) {
// zoneInstances.getKey() returns the fully qualified address.
// Hence, strip it to get the zone name only
System.out.printf("Instances at %s: ", zone.substring(zone.lastIndexOf('/') + 1));
for (Instance instance : zoneInstances.getValue().getInstancesList()) {
System.out.println(instance.getName());
}
}
}
System.out.println("####### Listing all instances complete #######");
return response;
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// List all instances in the given zone in the specified project.
async function listInstances() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
const [instanceList] = await instancesClient.list({
project: projectId,
zone,
});
console.log(`Instances found in zone ${zone}:`);
for (const instance of instanceList) {
console.log(` - ${instance.name} (${instance.machineType})`);
}
}
listInstances();Você também pode receber uma lista de instâncias em todas as zonas do projeto:
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// List all instances in the specified project.
async function listAllInstances() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
//Use the `maxResults` parameter to limit the number of results that the API returns per response page.
const aggListRequest = instancesClient.aggregatedListAsync({
project: projectId,
maxResults: 5,
});
console.log('Instances found:');
// Despite using the `maxResults` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
// yourself. The returned object handles pagination automatically,
// requesting next pages as you iterate over the results.
for await (const [zone, instancesObject] of aggListRequest) {
const instances = instancesObject.instances;
if (instances && instances.length > 0) {
console.log(` ${zone}`);
for (const instance of instances) {
console.log(` - ${instance.name} (${instance.machineType})`);
}
}
}
}
listAllInstances();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ListInstancesRequest;
/**
* List all instances for a particular Cloud project and zone.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
* @param string $zone Zone to list instances for (like "us-central1-a").
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_instances(string $projectId, string $zone)
{
// List Compute Engine instances using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new ListInstancesRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setZone($zone);
$instancesList = $instancesClient->list($request);
printf('Instances for %s (%s)' . PHP_EOL, $projectId, $zone);
foreach ($instancesList as $instance) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $instance->getName());
}
}Você também pode receber uma lista de instâncias em todas as zonas do projeto:
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AggregatedListInstancesRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
/**
* List all instances for a particular Cloud project.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_all_instances(string $projectId)
{
// List Compute Engine instances using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new AggregatedListInstancesRequest())
->setProject($projectId);
$allInstances = $instancesClient->aggregatedList($request);
printf('All instances for %s' . PHP_EOL, $projectId);
foreach ($allInstances as $zone => $zoneInstances) {
$instances = $zoneInstances->getInstances();
if (count($instances) > 0) {
printf('Zone - %s' . PHP_EOL, $zone);
foreach ($instances as $instance) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $instance->getName());
}
}
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
from collections.abc import Iterable
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def list_instances(project_id: str, zone: str) -> Iterable[compute_v1.Instance]:
"""
List all instances in the given zone in the specified project.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: “us-west3-b”
Returns:
An iterable collection of Instance objects.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
instance_list = instance_client.list(project=project_id, zone=zone)
print(f"Instances found in zone {zone}:")
for instance in instance_list:
print(f" - {instance.name} ({instance.machine_type})")
return instance_list
Você também pode receber uma lista de instâncias em todas as zonas do projeto:
from __future__ import annotations
from collections import defaultdict
from collections.abc import Iterable
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def list_all_instances(
project_id: str,
) -> dict[str, Iterable[compute_v1.Instance]]:
"""
Returns a dictionary of all instances present in a project, grouped by their zone.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
Returns:
A dictionary with zone names as keys (in form of "zones/{zone_name}") and
iterable collections of Instance objects as values.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
request = compute_v1.AggregatedListInstancesRequest()
request.project = project_id
# Use the `max_results` parameter to limit the number of results that the API returns per response page.
request.max_results = 50
agg_list = instance_client.aggregated_list(request=request)
all_instances = defaultdict(list)
print("Instances found:")
# Despite using the `max_results` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
# yourself. The returned `AggregatedListPager` object handles pagination
# automatically, returning separated pages as you iterate over the results.
for zone, response in agg_list:
if response.instances:
all_instances[zone].extend(response.instances)
print(f" {zone}:")
for instance in response.instances:
print(f" - {instance.name} ({instance.machine_type})")
return all_instances
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Lists all instances in the given zone in the specified project.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @return [Array<::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance>] Array of instances.
def list_instances project:, zone:
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Send the request to list all VM instances in the given zone in the specified project.
instance_list = client.list project: project, zone: zone
puts "Instances found in zone #{zone}:"
instances = []
instance_list.each do |instance|
puts " - #{instance.name} (#{instance.machine_type})"
instances << instance
end
instances
endVocê também pode receber uma lista de instâncias em todas as zonas do projeto:
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Returns a dictionary of all instances present in a project, grouped by their zone.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @return [Hash<String, Array<::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance>>] A hash with zone names
# as keys (in form of "zones/{zone_name}") and arrays of instances as values.
def list_all_instances project:
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Send the request to list all VM instances in a project.
agg_list = client.aggregated_list project: project
all_instances = {}
puts "Instances found:"
# The result contains a Map collection, where the key is a zone and the value
# is a collection of instances in that zone.
agg_list.each do |zone, list|
next if list.instances.empty?
all_instances[zone] = list.instances
puts " #{zone}:"
list.instances.each do |instance|
puts " - #{instance.name} (#{instance.machine_type})"
end
end
all_instances
endComo excluir uma instância
O exemplo a seguir exclui uma instância com base no projeto, na zona e no nome que você fornecer. Você receberá uma mensagem quando a API excluir a instância.
A operação de exclusão é irreversível. Para desativar uma instância temporariamente, interrompa ou suspenda a instância.
Se o parâmetro autoDelete for true para a instância, exclua também o
disco de inicialização. Essa configuração é definida como true por padrão
durante a criação da instância. É possível ajustá-la
quando o caso de uso chamar discos e instâncias para serem excluídos separadamente.
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class DeleteInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task DeleteInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to delete a VM instance.
var instanceDeletion = await client.DeleteAsync(projectId, zone, machineName);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
await instanceDeletion.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
)
// deleteInstance sends a delete request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
func deleteInstance(w io.Writer, projectID, zone, instanceName string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
req := &computepb.DeleteInstanceRequest{
Project: projectID,
Zone: zone,
Instance: instanceName,
}
op, err := instancesClient.Delete(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to delete instance: %w", err)
}
if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance deleted\n")
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.DeleteInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class DeleteInstance {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
String instanceName = "instance-name";
deleteInstance(project, zone, instanceName);
}
// Delete the instance specified by `instanceName`
// if it's present in the given project and zone.
public static void deleteInstance(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to safely
// clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
System.out.printf("Deleting instance: %s ", instanceName);
// Describe which instance is to be deleted.
DeleteInstanceRequest deleteInstanceRequest = DeleteInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstance(instanceName).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.deleteAsync(
deleteInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance deletion failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// Delete the instance specified by `instanceName` if it's present in the given project and zone.
async function deleteInstance() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
console.log(`Deleting ${instanceName} from ${zone}...`);
const [response] = await instancesClient.delete({
project: projectId,
zone,
instance: instanceName,
});
let operation = response.latestResponse;
const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();
// Wait for the delete operation to complete.
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
});
}
console.log('Instance deleted.');
}
deleteInstance();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\DeleteInstanceRequest;
/**
* Delete an instance.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
* @param string $zone Zone where the instance you want to delete is (like "us-central1-a").
* @param string $instanceName Unique name for the Compute instance to delete.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function delete_instance(
string $projectId,
string $zone,
string $instanceName
) {
// Delete the Compute Engine instance using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new DeleteInstanceRequest())
->setInstance($instanceName)
->setProject($projectId)
->setZone($zone);
$operation = $instancesClient->delete($request);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Deleted instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Failed to delete instance: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from typing import Any
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def delete_instance(project_id: str, zone: str, machine_name: str) -> None:
"""
Send an instance deletion request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: “us-west3-b”
machine_name: name of the machine you want to delete.
"""
instance_client = compcompute_v1tancesClient()
print(f"Deleting {machine_name} from {zone}...")
operation = instinstance_client.delete project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=machine_name
)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance deletion")
print(f"Instance {machine_name} deleted.")
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sends an instance deletion request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @param [String] instance_name name of the instance you want to delete.
def delete_instance project:, zone:, instance_name:
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
puts "Deleting #{instance_name} from #{zone}..."
begin
# Make the request to delete a VM instance.
operation = client.delete project: project, zone: zone, instance: instance_name
# Wait for the delete operation to complete.
operation = wait_until_done operation: operation
if operation.error?
warn "Error during deletion:", operation.error
else
compute_operation = operation.operation
warn "Warning during creation:", compute_operation.warnings unless compute_operation.warnings.empty?
puts "Instance #{instance_name} deleted."
end
rescue ::Google::Cloud::Error => e
warn "Exception during deletion:", e
end
endComo verificar o status da operação
As solicitações feitas à API Compute Engine que modificam recursos, como instâncias, retornam uma resposta confirmando a solicitação. A confirmação inclui informações sobre o status da operação solicitada.
Dependendo da natureza da operação, pode levar algum tempo para ser concluída. O exemplo a seguir aguarda até que uma operação seja concluída antes de continuar a execução do código:
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class CreateInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task CreateInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine",
string machineType = "n1-standard-1",
string diskImage = "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-12",
long diskSizeGb = 10,
string networkName = "default")
{
Instance instance = new Instance
{
Name = machineName,
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information on machine types.
MachineType = $"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machineType}",
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
Disks =
{
new AttachedDisk
{
AutoDelete = true,
Boot = true,
Type = ComputeEnumConstants.AttachedDisk.Type.Persistent,
InitializeParams = new AttachedDiskInitializeParams
{
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
SourceImage = diskImage,
DiskSizeGb = diskSizeGb
}
}
},
NetworkInterfaces = { new NetworkInterface { Name = networkName } }
};
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
var instanceCreation = await client.InsertAsync(projectId, zone, instance);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
// The server-side operation is not affected by polling,
// and might finish successfully even if polling times out.
await instanceCreation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
)
// waitForOperation waits for an operation to be completed. Calling this function will block until the operation is finished.
func waitForOperation(w io.Writer, projectID string, operation *compute.Operation) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
// opName := "your_operation_name"
ctx := context.Background()
if err := operation.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Operation finished\n")
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation.Status;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ZoneOperationsClient;
import java.io.IOException;
public class WaitForOperation {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
// operation: Specify the operation to wait.
String project = "your-project-id";
Operation operation = Operation.newBuilder().build();
waitForOperation(project, operation);
}
// Waits for the specified operation to complete.
public static void waitForOperation(String project, Operation operation)
throws IOException {
try (ZoneOperationsClient zoneOperationsClient = ZoneOperationsClient.create()) {
// Check if the operation hasn't been completed already.
if (operation.getStatus() != Status.DONE) {
String zone = operation.getZone();
zone = zone.substring(zone.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = zoneOperationsClient.wait(project, zone, operation.getName());
// Check if the operation has errors.
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Error in executing the operation ! ! " + response.getError());
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + operation.getStatus());
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const operationString = 'YOUR_OPERATION_STRING'
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// Parse stringified operation to the object instance.
let operation = JSON.parse(operationString);
async function waitForOperation() {
const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
});
}
console.log('Operation finished.');
}
waitForOperation();PHP
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Created instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Instance creation failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}Python
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def wait_for_operation(
operation: compute_v1.Operation, project_id: str
) -> compute_v1.Operation:
"""
This method waits for an operation to be completed. Calling this function
will block until the operation is finished.
Args:
operation: The Operation object representing the operation you want to
wait on.
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
Returns:
Finished Operation object.
"""
kwargs = {"project": project_id, "operation": operation.name}
if operation.zone:
client = compute_v1.ZoneOperationsClient()
# Operation.zone is a full URL address of a zone, so we need to extract just the name
kwargs["zone"] = operation.zone.rsplit("/", maxsplit=1)[1]
elif operation.region:
client = compute_v1.RegionOperationsClient()
# Operation.region is a full URL address of a region, so we need to extract just the name
kwargs["region"] = operation.region.rsplit("/", maxsplit=1)[1]
else:
client = compute_v1.GlobalOperationsClient()
return client.wait(**kwargs)
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
require "time"
# Waits for an operation to be completed. Calling this method
# will block until the operation is finished or timed out.
#
# @param [::Gapic::GenericLRO::Operation] operation The operation to wait for.
# @param [Numeric] timeout seconds until timeout (default is 3 minutes)
# @return [::Gapic::GenericLRO::Operation] Finished Operation object.
def wait_until_done operation:, timeout: 3 * 60
retry_policy = ::Gapic::Operation::RetryPolicy.new initial_delay: 0.2, multiplier: 2, max_delay: 1, timeout: timeout
operation.wait_until_done! retry_policy: retry_policy
endComo processar valores padrão
Para alguns campos que você opta por não enviar em solicitações ou não receber em respostas, a API Compute Engine considera valores padrão diferentes de zero. O Google especifica esses valores padrão nas descrições do campo Referência da API e nos comentários dos buffers de protocolo em que as bibliotecas de cliente estão criadas.
Esses buffers de protocolo estão no formato buffers de protocolo v3 e informam um
valor zero para campos que não estão presentes, mesmo quando o servidor da API Compute Engine
usa um padrão diferente. Os valores zero para campos que não estão presentes são os
seguintes: 0 para números, false para booleanos, vazio para strings.
Nos buffers de protocolo em que as bibliotecas de cliente do Cloud do Compute Engine
são criadas, todos os campos não obrigatórios são marcados como proto optional. Considere
um campo chamado name marcado como optional em uma mensagem hipotética de buffer
de protocolo chamada MyRecord. Nesse campo, faça o seguinte:
Ao enviar uma solicitação: se você pretende enviar um valor zero explícito para o servidor do campo, defina-o na mensagem de solicitação:
MyRecord.name="". Caso contrário, o servidor usará o valor padrão. Antes de fazer a solicitação ao servidor, é possível confirmar, com base na presença do campo, que você definiu o valor zero no seu código. Um campo está presente quando algo como o métodoMyRecord.hasName()hipotético retornatrue.Ao processar uma resposta: se um campo marcado como
optionalestiver ausente ou tiver um valor zero explícito, verifique a referência da API para ver qual valor assumir para o campo de dados. Para alguns campos, um valor zero na resposta é um valor válido não padrão e representa o valor pretendido do campo.
Em geral, consulte a documentação de referência da API para ver como o servidor interpreta um valor ausente ou um valor zero em um campo, já que ele varia de acordo com o método.
Por exemplo, considere alterar o prefixo do nome do relatório de uso
(reportNamePrefix) para seu projeto. Quando o servidor recebe um valor de string
vazio ou não recebe o campo, ele usa um determinado valor padrão
(usage_gce, conforme descrito na referência de
projects.setUsageExportBucket) para gerar
o relatório.
Embora o servidor retorne explicitamente uma string vazia para reportNamePrefix,
a referência para projects.get indica corretamente que o
relatório é gerado com o valor padrão usage_gce para reportNamePrefix.
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class SetUsageExportBucketAsyncSample
{
public async Task SetUsageExportBucketAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string bucketName = "usage-export-bucket",
string reportNamePrefix = "usage-report")
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(reportNamePrefix))
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"Setting {nameof(UsageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix)} " +
$"to null or empty values causes the report to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`.");
}
UsageExportLocation exportLocation = new UsageExportLocation
{
BucketName = bucketName,
ReportNamePrefix = reportNamePrefix,
};
// Initialize the client that will be used to send project-related requests.
// You should reuse the same client for multiple requests.
ProjectsClient client = await ProjectsClient.CreateAsync();
var operation = await client.SetUsageExportBucketAsync(projectId, exportLocation);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
await operation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
Verifique se o servidor usou o valor de prefixo padrão
usage_gce:
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class GetUsageExportBucketAsyncSample
{
public async Task<Project> GetUsageExportBucketAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize the client that will be used to send project-related requests.
// You should reuse the same client for multiple requests.
ProjectsClient client = await ProjectsClient.CreateAsync();
Project project = await client.GetAsync(projectId);
if (project.UsageExportLocation is null)
{
Console.WriteLine("This project has no usage report export location configured.");
}
else if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(project.UsageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix))
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"Setting {nameof(UsageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix)} " +
$"to null or empty values causes the report to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`.");
}
return project;
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// setUsageExportBucket sets the Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
// This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the report name prefix parameter.
func setUsageExportBucket(w io.Writer, projectID, bucketName, reportNamePrefix string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// bucketName := "your_bucket_name"
// reportNamePrefix := ""
ctx := context.Background()
projectsClient, err := compute.NewProjectsRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewProjectsRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer projectsClient.Close()
// Updating the setting with an empty UsageExportLocationResource value disables the usage report generation.
req := &computepb.SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest{
Project: projectID,
UsageExportLocationResource: &computepb.UsageExportLocation{
BucketName: proto.String(bucketName),
ReportNamePrefix: proto.String(reportNamePrefix),
},
}
if reportNamePrefix == "" {
// Sending an empty value for reportNamePrefix results in the next usage report being generated
// with the default prefix value "usage_gce". (see: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Setting reportNamePrefix to empty value causes the report to have the default prefix value `usage_gce`.\n")
}
op, err := projectsClient.SetUsageExportBucket(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to set usage export bucket %w", err)
}
if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Usage export bucket has been set\n")
return nil
}
Verifique se o servidor usou o valor de prefixo padrão
usage_gce:
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// getUsageExportBucket retrieves the Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project. Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used to generate report file names.
func getUsageExportBucket(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
projectsClient, err := compute.NewProjectsRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewProjectsRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer projectsClient.Close()
// Updating the setting with an empty UsageExportLocationResource value disables the usage report generation.
req := &computepb.GetProjectRequest{
Project: projectID,
}
project, err := projectsClient.Get(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to get project: %w", err)
}
usageExportLocation := project.GetUsageExportLocation()
if usageExportLocation == nil || usageExportLocation.GetBucketName() == "" {
// The usage reports are disabled.
return nil
}
if usageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix != nil {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value,
// the next usage report generated with these settings still has the default prefix value `usage_gce`.
// (see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.\n")
usageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix = proto.String("usage_gce")
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Returned ReportNamePrefix: %s\n", usageExportLocation.GetReportNamePrefix())
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Project;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ProjectsClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.UsageExportLocation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
// Set Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
// This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the report name prefix parameter.
public static void setUsageExportBucket(String project, String bucketName,
String reportNamePrefix)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// bucketName: Cloud Storage Bucket used to store Compute Engine usage reports.
// An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
// reportNamePrefix: Prefix of the name of the usage report that would
// store Google Compute Engine data.
try (ProjectsClient projectsClient = ProjectsClient.create()) {
// Initialize UsageExportLocation object with provided bucket name and report name prefix.
UsageExportLocation usageExportLocation = UsageExportLocation.newBuilder()
.setBucketName(bucketName)
.setReportNamePrefix(reportNamePrefix).build();
if (reportNamePrefix.length() == 0) {
// Sending an empty value for reportNamePrefix results in the
// next usage report being generated with the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// (see,
// https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket)
System.out.println("Setting reportNamePrefix to empty value causes the "
+ "report to have the default value of `usage_gce`.");
}
// Set the usage export location.
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = projectsClient
.setUsageExportBucketAsync(SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setUsageExportLocationResource(usageExportLocation)
.build());
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Setting usage export bucket failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}Verifique se o servidor usou o valor de prefixo padrão
usage_gce:
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Project;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ProjectsClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.UsageExportLocation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
// Retrieve Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
// Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
// to generate report file names.
public static UsageExportLocation getUsageExportBucket(String project) throws IOException {
try (ProjectsClient projectsClient = ProjectsClient.create()) {
// Get the usage export location for the project from the server.
Project projectResponse = projectsClient.get(project);
// Replace the empty value returned by the API with the default value
// used to generate report file names.
if (projectResponse.hasUsageExportLocation()) {
UsageExportLocation usageExportLocation = projectResponse.getUsageExportLocation();
// Verify that the server explicitly sent the optional field.
if (usageExportLocation.hasReportNamePrefix()) {
String reportNamePrefix = usageExportLocation.getReportNamePrefix();
if (reportNamePrefix.length() == 0) {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value,
// the next usage report generated with these settings still has the default
// prefix value "usage_gce".
// (see, https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
reportNamePrefix = "usage_gce";
System.out.println(
"Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.");
}
}
return usageExportLocation;
} else {
// The usage reports are disabled.
return null;
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const bucketName = 'YOUR_BUCKET_NAME';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
const computeProtos = compute.protos.google.cloud.compute.v1;
async function setUsageExportBucket() {
const usageExportLocationResource = new computeProtos.UsageExportLocation();
usageExportLocationResource.bucketName = bucketName;
usageExportLocationResource.reportNamePrefix = reportNamePrefix;
if (!reportNamePrefix) {
// Sending an empty value for reportNamePrefix results in the next usage report being generated with the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// (see: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
console.log(
'Setting reportNamePrefix to empty value causes the report to have the default prefix value `usage_gce`.'
);
}
// Set the usage export location.
const projectsClient = new compute.ProjectsClient();
const operationsClient = new compute.GlobalOperationsClient();
let [operation] = await projectsClient.setUsageExportBucket({
project: projectId,
usageExportLocationResource,
});
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
});
}
}
setUsageExportBucket();Verifique se o servidor usou o valor de prefixo padrão
usage_gce:
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function getUsageExportBucket() {
// Get the usage export location for the project from the server.
const projectsClient = new compute.ProjectsClient();
const [project] = await projectsClient.get({
project: projectId,
});
const usageExportLocation = project.usageExportLocation;
if (!usageExportLocation || !usageExportLocation.bucketName) {
// The usage reports are disabled.
return;
}
if (!usageExportLocation.reportNamePrefix) {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value,
// the next usage report generated with these settings still has the default prefix value `usage_gce`.
// (see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
console.log(
'Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.'
);
usageExportLocation.reportNamePrefix = 'usage_gce';
}
console.log(
'Returned reportNamePrefix:',
usageExportLocation.reportNamePrefix
);
}
getUsageExportBucket();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ProjectsClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Operation;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\UsageExportLocation;
/**
* Set Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
* This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the report name prefix parameter.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
* @param string $bucketName Google Cloud Storage bucket used to store Compute Engine usage reports.
* An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
* @param string $reportNamePrefix Prefix of the usage report name which defaults to an empty string
* to showcase default values behavior.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function set_usage_export_bucket(
string $projectId,
string $bucketName,
string $reportNamePrefix = ''
) {
// Initialize UsageExportLocation object with provided bucket name and no report name prefix.
$usageExportLocation = new UsageExportLocation(array(
'bucket_name' => $bucketName,
'report_name_prefix' => $reportNamePrefix
));
if (strlen($reportNamePrefix) == 0) {
// Sending empty value for report_name_prefix results in the next usage report
// being generated with the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket
print('Setting report_name_prefix to empty value causes the ' .
'report to have the default value of `usage_gce`.' . PHP_EOL);
}
// Set the usage export location.
$projectsClient = new ProjectsClient();
$request = (new SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setUsageExportLocationResource($usageExportLocation);
$operation = $projectsClient->setUsageExportBucket($request);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf(
'Compute Engine usage export bucket for project `%s` set to bucket_name = `%s` with ' .
'report_name_prefix = `%s`.' . PHP_EOL,
$projectId,
$usageExportLocation->getBucketName(),
(strlen($reportNamePrefix) == 0) ? 'usage_gce' : $usageExportLocation->getReportNamePrefix()
);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Setting usage export bucket failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}
}Verifique se o servidor usou o valor de prefixo padrão
usage_gce:
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ProjectsClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\GetProjectRequest;
/**
* Retrieve Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
* Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
* to generate report file names.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function get_usage_export_bucket(string $projectId)
{
// Get the usage export location for the project from the server.
$projectsClient = new ProjectsClient();
$request = (new GetProjectRequest())
->setProject($projectId);
$projectResponse = $projectsClient->get($request);
// Replace the empty value returned by the API with the default value used to generate report file names.
if ($projectResponse->hasUsageExportLocation()) {
$responseUsageExportLocation = $projectResponse->getUsageExportLocation();
// Verify that the server explicitly sent the optional field.
if ($responseUsageExportLocation->hasReportNamePrefix()) {
if ($responseUsageExportLocation->getReportNamePrefix() == '') {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value, the next usage
// report generated with these settings still has the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get
print('Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.' . PHP_EOL);
$responseUsageExportLocation->setReportNamePrefix('usage_gce');
}
}
printf(
'Compute Engine usage export bucket for project `%s` is bucket_name = `%s` with ' .
'report_name_prefix = `%s`.' . PHP_EOL,
$projectId,
$responseUsageExportLocation->getBucketName(),
$responseUsageExportLocation->getReportNamePrefix()
);
} else {
// The usage reports are disabled.
printf('Compute Engine usage export bucket for project `%s` is disabled.', $projectId);
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from typing import Any
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def set_usage_export_bucket(
project_id: str, bucket_name: str, report_name_prefix: str = ""
) -> None:
"""
Set Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the
report name prefix parameter.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the project to update.
bucket_name: Google Cloud Storage bucket used to store Compute Engine
usage reports. An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
report_name_prefix: Prefix of the usage report name which defaults to an empty string
to showcase default values behaviour.
"""
usage_export_location = compute_v1.UsageExportLocation()
usage_export_location.bucket_name = bucket_name
usage_export_location.report_name_prefix = report_name_prefix
if not report_name_prefix:
# Sending an empty value for report_name_prefix results in the
# next usage report being generated with the default prefix value
# "usage_gce". (ref: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket)
print(
"Setting report_name_prefix to empty value causes the report "
"to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`."
)
projects_client = compute_v1.ProjectsClient()
operation = projects_client.set_usage_export_bucket(
project=project_id, usage_export_location_resource=usage_export_location
)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "setting GCE usage bucket")
Verifique se o servidor usou o valor de prefixo padrão
usage_gce:
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from typing import Any
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_usage_export_bucket(project_id: str) -> compute_v1.UsageExportLocation:
"""
Retrieve Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
to generate report file names.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the project to update.
Returns:
UsageExportLocation object describing the current usage export settings
for project project_id.
"""
projects_client = compute_v1.ProjectsClient()
project_data = projects_client.get(project=project_id)
uel = project_data.usage_export_location
if not uel.bucket_name:
# The usage reports are disabled.
return uel
if not uel.report_name_prefix:
# Although the server sent the empty string value, the next usage report
# generated with these settings still has the default prefix value
# "usage_gce". (see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
print(
"Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of "
"`usage_gce`."
)
uel.report_name_prefix = "usage_gce"
return uel
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sets Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
# This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the
# report name prefix parameter.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the project to update.
# @param [String] bucket_name Google Cloud Storage bucket used to store Compute Engine
# usage reports. An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
# @param [String] report_name_prefix Prefix of the usage report name which defaults to an empty string
# to showcase default values behaviour.
def set_usage_export_bucket project:, bucket_name:, report_name_prefix: ""
export_location = { bucket_name: bucket_name, report_name_prefix: report_name_prefix }
if report_name_prefix.empty?
# Sending an empty value for report_name_prefix results in the
# next usage report being generated with the default prefix value
# "usage_gce". (ref: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket)
puts "Setting report_name_prefix to empty value causes the report " \
"to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`."
end
projects_client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Projects::Rest::Client.new
operation = projects_client.set_usage_export_bucket project: project,
usage_export_location_resource: export_location
wait_until_done operation: operation
endVerifique se o servidor usou o valor de prefixo padrão
usage_gce:
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Retrieves Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
# Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
# to generate report file names.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the project to get from.
# @return [::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::UsageExportLocation] object describing the current usage
# export settings for project.
def get_usage_export_bucket project:
projects_client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Projects::Rest::Client.new
project_data = projects_client.get project: project
export_location = project_data.usage_export_location
if !export_location.nil? && export_location.report_name_prefix.empty?
puts "Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`."
export_location.report_name_prefix = "usage_gce"
end
export_location
endPara mais informações sobre como configurar as exportações de uso, consulte Como ver relatórios de uso.
Como processar a paginação
Algumas solicitações para a Compute Engine API retornam listas longas de resultados, que o servidor fornece a você como "páginas" menores de resultados a cada chamada. Ao interagir diretamente com a API, você faz várias solicitações para receber respostas para páginas sucessivas.
Quando você usa bibliotecas de cliente do Cloud, essas solicitações simplesmente retornam um iterador. Você pode usar o iterador para receber todos os resultados individuais correspondentes à sua solicitação inicial. Esse processo acontece como se os resultados fossem retornados em uma lista longa. A biblioteca de cliente emite silenciosamente todas as solicitações de API necessárias para páginas adicionais para garantir que o iterador passe automaticamente para o conjunto completo de resultados.
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListImagesAsyncSample
{
public async Task ListImagesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
ImagesClient client = await ImagesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
ListImagesRequest request = new ListImagesRequest
{
Project = projectId,
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
Filter = "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED",
// MaxResults indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
MaxResults = 100
};
// Although the MaxResults parameter is specified in the request, the sequence returned
// by the ListAsync() method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
await foreach (var image in client.ListAsync(request))
{
// The result is an Image collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Image: {image.Name}");
}
}
}
Também é possível usar o atributo pages do objeto retornado
para ter um controle mais granular da iteração sobre os
resultados paginados da API.
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListImagesPerPageAsyncSample
{
public async Task ListImagesPerPageAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
ImagesClient client = await ImagesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
ListImagesRequest request = new ListImagesRequest
{
Project = projectId,
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
Filter = "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED",
// MaxResults indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
MaxResults = 10
};
// Call the AsRawResponses() method of the returned image sequence to access the page sequece instead
// This allows you to have more granular control of iteration over paginated results from the API.
// Each time you access the next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
int pageIndex = 0;
await foreach (var page in client.ListAsync(request).AsRawResponses())
{
Console.WriteLine($"Page index: {pageIndex}");
pageIndex++;
foreach (var image in page)
{
// The result is an Image collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Image: {image.Name}");
}
}
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// printImagesList prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
func printImagesList(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
imagesClient, err := compute.NewImagesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewImagesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer imagesClient.Close()
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
req := &computepb.ListImagesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(3),
Filter: proto.String("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"),
}
// Although the `MaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterator returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
it := imagesClient.List(ctx, req)
for {
image, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s\n", image.GetName())
}
return nil
}
Também é possível usar o atributo pages do objeto retornado
para ter um controle mais granular da iteração sobre os
resultados paginados da API.
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// printImagesListByPage prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
// divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
func printImagesListByPage(w io.Writer, projectID string, pageSize uint32) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// pageSize := 10
ctx := context.Background()
imagesClient, err := compute.NewImagesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewImagesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer imagesClient.Close()
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
req := &computepb.ListImagesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(pageSize),
Filter: proto.String("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"),
}
// Use the `iterator.NewPage` to have more granular control of iteration over
// paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
// next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
it := imagesClient.List(ctx, req)
p := iterator.NewPager(it, int(pageSize), "" /* start from the beginning */)
for page := 0; ; page++ {
var items []*computepb.Image
pageToken, err := p.NextPage(&items)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("iterator paging failed: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Page %d: %v\n", page, items)
if pageToken == "" {
break
}
}
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient.ListPage;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ListImagesRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
// Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
public static void listImages(String project) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
ListImagesRequest imagesRequest = ListImagesRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(100)
.setFilter("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED")
.build();
// Although the `setMaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
int imageCount = 0;
for (Image image : imagesClient.list(imagesRequest).iterateAll()) {
imageCount++;
System.out.println(image.getName());
}
System.out.printf("Image count in %s is: %s", project, imageCount);
}
}Também é possível usar o atributo pages do objeto retornado
para ter um controle mais granular da iteração sobre os
resultados paginados da API.
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient.ListPage;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ListImagesRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
// Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
// divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
public static void listImagesByPage(String project, int pageSize) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
ListImagesRequest imagesRequest = ListImagesRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(pageSize)
.setFilter("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED")
.build();
// Use the `iteratePages` attribute of returned iterable to have more granular control of
// iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
// next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
int pageNumber = 1;
for (ListPage page : imagesClient.list(imagesRequest).iteratePages()) {
System.out.println("Page Number: " + pageNumber++);
for (Image image : page.getValues()) {
System.out.println(image.getName());
}
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function listImages() {
const imagesClient = new compute.ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
const images = imagesClient.listAsync({
project: projectId,
maxResults: 3,
filter: 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED',
});
// Although the `maxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `listAsync()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for await (const image of images) {
console.log(` - ${image.name}`);
}
}
listImages();Também é possível usar o atributo pages do objeto retornado
para ter um controle mais granular da iteração sobre os
resultados paginados da API.
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const pageSize = 10;
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function listImagesByPage() {
const imagesClient = new compute.ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
const listRequest = {
project: projectId,
maxResults: pageSize,
filter: 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED',
};
const options = {
autoPaginate: false,
};
let pageNum = 1;
// Set autoPaginate option to `false` to have more granular control of
// iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
// next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
const listCallback = (err, resources, nextPageRequest, response) => {
if (err) {
console.error(err);
return;
}
console.log(`Page ${pageNum}:`);
pageNum += 1;
for (let i = 0; i < resources.length; i++) {
console.log(resources[i].name);
}
if (response.nextPageToken) {
imagesClient.list(nextPageRequest, options, listCallback);
}
};
imagesClient.list(listRequest, options, listCallback);
}
listImagesByPage();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ImagesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ListImagesRequest;
/**
* Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_all_images(string $projectId)
{
$imagesClient = new ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
$optionalArgs = ['maxResults' => 100, 'filter' => 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED'];
/**
* Although the maxResults parameter is specified in the request, the iterateAllElements() method
* hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple requests to the API for you,
* so you can simply iterate over all the images.
*/
$request = (new ListImagesRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setMaxResults($optionalArgs['maxResults'])
->setFilter($optionalArgs['filter']);
$pagedResponse = $imagesClient->list($request);
print('=================== Flat list of images ===================' . PHP_EOL);
foreach ($pagedResponse->iterateAllElements() as $element) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $element->getName());
}
}Também é possível usar o atributo pages do objeto retornado
para ter um controle mais granular da iteração sobre os
resultados paginados da API.
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ImagesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ListImagesRequest;
/**
* Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
* divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
* @param int $pageSize Size of the pages you want the API to return on each call.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_images_by_page(string $projectId, int $pageSize = 10)
{
$imagesClient = new ImagesClient();
$pageNum = 1;
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
$optionalArgs = ['maxResults' => $pageSize, 'filter' => 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED'];
/**
* Use the 'iteratePages()' method of returned response to have more granular control of iteration over
* paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the next page, the library retrieves
* that page from the API.
*/
$request = (new ListImagesRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setMaxResults($optionalArgs['maxResults'])
->setFilter($optionalArgs['filter']);
$pagedResponse = $imagesClient->list($request);
print('=================== Paginated list of images ===================' . PHP_EOL);
foreach ($pagedResponse->iteratePages() as $page) {
printf('Page %s:' . PHP_EOL, $pageNum);
foreach ($page as $element) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $element->getName());
}
$pageNum++;
}
}Python
import google.cloud.compute_v1 as compute_v1
def print_images_list(project: str) -> str:
"""
Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
Returns:
The output as a string.
"""
images_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
images_list_request = compute_v1.ListImagesRequest(
project=project, max_results=100, filter="deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
)
output = []
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for img in images_client.list(request=images_list_request):
print(f" - {img.name}")
output.append(f" - {img.name}")
return "\n".join(output)
Também é possível usar o atributo pages do objeto retornado
para ter um controle mais granular da iteração sobre os
resultados paginados da API.
import google.cloud.compute_v1 as compute_v1
def print_images_list_by_page(project: str, page_size: int = 10) -> str:
"""
Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
page_size: size of the pages you want the API to return on each call.
Returns:
Output as a string.
"""
images_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
images_list_request = compute_v1.ListImagesRequest(
project=project, max_results=page_size, filter="deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
)
output = []
# Use the `pages` attribute of returned iterable to have more granular control of
# iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
# next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
for page_num, page in enumerate(
images_client.list(request=images_list_request).pages, start=1
):
print(f"Page {page_num}: ")
output.append(f"Page {page_num}: ")
for img in page.items:
print(f" - {img.name}")
output.append(f" - {img.name}")
return "\n".join(output)
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
def print_images_list project:
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Images::Rest::Client.new
# Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
request = {
project: project,
# max_results indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
max_results: 100,
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
filter: "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
}
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
client.list(request).each do |image|
puts " - #{image.name}"
end
endTambém é possível usar o atributo pages do objeto retornado
para ter um controle mais granular da iteração sobre os
resultados paginados da API.
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
# divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
#
# @param [String] project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
# @param [Number] size of the pages you want the API to return on each call.
def print_images_list_by_page project:, page_size: 10
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Images::Rest::Client.new
# Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
request = {
project: project,
# max_results indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
max_results: page_size,
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
filter: "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
}
# Call the each_page method of the returned enumerable to have more granular control
# of iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you access the next
# page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
page_index = 0
client.list(request).each_page do |page|
puts "Page index: #{page_index}"
page_index += 1
page.each do |image|
puts " - #{image.name}"
end
end
endO Compute Engine, em particular, também oferece métodos aggregatedList como
instances.aggregatedList. A paginação desses métodos
funciona de maneira semelhante, mas itera os pares de listas de chaves. Para ver
um exemplo, consulte Como listar instâncias.
Limpar
Para evitar cobranças na sua conta do Google Cloud pelos recursos usados no tutorial, exclua o projeto que os contém ou mantenha o projeto e exclua os recursos individuais.
Quando terminar seus testes, siga estas instruções de limpeza para evitar cobranças recorrentes para a instância de máquina virtual.
Para excluir uma instância do Compute Engine:
- In the Google Cloud console, go to the VM instances page.
- Select the checkbox for the instance that you want to delete.
- To delete the instance, click more_vert More actions, click Delete, and then follow the instructions.
A seguir
- Leia a referência da API para aprender a executar outras tarefas com ela.
Faça um teste
Se você começou a usar o Google Cloud agora, crie uma conta para avaliar o desempenho do Compute Engine em situações reais. Clientes novos também recebem US$ 300 em créditos para executar, testar e implantar cargas de trabalho.
Faça uma avaliação gratuita do Compute Engine