Considera las características que se ofrecen en cada versión de SQL Server y aborda las incompatibilidades.
Las nuevas versiones principales agregan cambios incompatibles que pueden requerir que modifiques el código de la aplicación, el esquema o la configuración de la base de datos antes de que puedas actualizar la instancia de base de datos. Revisa las notas de la versión principal de destino para determinar las incompatibilidades que debes abordar. Si omites versiones principales, aborda las incompatibilidades enumeradas para cada versión que omites.
Prueba la actualización con una ejecución de prueba.
Realiza una ejecución de prueba del proceso de actualización de extremo a extremo con una instancia de prueba antes de actualizar la base de datos de producción. Te recomendamos probar la actualización mediante un clon en lugar de tu base de datos de producción para evitar cualquier impacto en el rendimiento de la exportación en tu carga de trabajo de producción.
Además de validar que la actualización se complete con éxito, ejecuta pruebas para comprender el tiempo de inactividad esperado de la actualización, confirma el flujo de trabajo de actualización y asegúrate de que la aplicación se comporte como se espera en la base de datos actualizada. Si no habilitaste aumentos automáticos de almacenamiento, toma nota del almacenamiento en disco que usa la instancia de ejecución de prueba actualizada para determinar si necesitas aumentar la capacidad de almacenamiento de la instancia de producción antes de realizar la actualización.
Confirma que puedes conectarte a la instancia nueva con tus herramientas locales de SQL Server y actualízalas si es necesario.
Para exportar los datos de la instancia actual a un archivo BAK de SQL Server, sigue las instrucciones que aparecen en Exporta datos a un archivo BAK.
No exportes la base de datos del sistema sqlserver. La base de datos sqlserver es la base de datos predeterminada a la que te conectas antes de crear cualquier otra base de datos. Después de crear otra base de datos, cambia a la base de datos nueva para crear tablas e insertar datos. No uses la base de datos sqlserverpostgres para los datos de tu aplicación.
[[["Fácil de comprender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Resolvió mi problema","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Otro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Difícil de entender","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Información o código de muestra incorrectos","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Faltan la información o los ejemplos que necesito","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problema de traducción","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Otro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última actualización: 2025-09-04 (UTC)"],[],[],null,["# Upgrade the database major version by migrating data\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n[MySQL](/sql/docs/mysql/upgrade-major-db-version-migrate \"View this page for the MySQL database engine\") \\| [PostgreSQL](/sql/docs/postgres/upgrade-major-db-version-migrate \"View this page for the PostgreSQL database engine\") \\| SQL Server\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nThis page describes how to migrate your data to an instance running a later\nversion of SQL Server. Before proceeding with this method, consider\n[upgrading the database major version in-place](/sql/docs/sqlserver/upgrade-major-db-version-inplace).\n\nPlan a major version upgrade\n----------------------------\n\n1. Choose a target major version and edition.\n\n See the [list of versions that Cloud SQL supports](/sql/docs/sqlserver/db-versions).\n2. Consider the features offered in each SQL Server version and address\n incompatibilities.\n\n New major versions introduce incompatible changes that might require you to\n modify the application code, the schema, or the database settings before\n you can upgrade your database instance. Review the release notes of your\n target major version to determine the incompatibilities that you need to\n address. If you're skipping major versions, address the incompatibilities\n listed for each version that you're skipping.\n - [SQL Server 2022](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/sql-server/what-s-new-in-sql-server-2022?view=sql-server-ver16)\n - [SQL Server 2019](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/sql-server/what-s-new-in-sql-server-ver15?view=sql-server-ver15)\n - [SQL Server 2017](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/sql-server/what-s-new-in-sql-server-2017?view=sql-server-ver15)\n3. Test the upgrade with a dry run.\n\n Perform a dry run of the end-to-end upgrade process with a test instance\n before you upgrade the production database. You might want to test the upgrade\n using a [clone](/sql/docs/sqlserver/clone-instance)\n instead of your production database to avoid any performance impact from the\n export on your production workload.\n\n In addition to validating that the upgrade completes successfully, run\n tests to understand the expected downtime of the upgrade, confirm your\n upgrade workflow, and ensure that the application behaves as expected on the upgraded\n database. If you haven't enabled [automatic storage increases](/sql/docs/sqlserver/instance-settings#automatic-storage-increase-2ndgen),\n take note of the disk storage used by the upgraded dry run instance to\n determine whether you need to increase the storage capacity for the\n production instance before upgrading.\n4. Decide when you want to upgrade.\n\n | **Note:** Upgrades require the instance to become unavailable for a period of time. Be sure to schedule your upgrade when database activity is low.\n\nMigrate your data\n-----------------\n\nMigrating entails [exporting the data](/sql/docs/sqlserver/import-export/import-export-bak#export_data_to_a_bak_file)\nfrom the source instance to a BAK file and [importing the data](/sql/docs/sqlserver/import-export/import-export-bak#import_data_from_a_bak_file)\ninto the target instance.\n\nTo migrate your data to a Cloud SQL instance running a more recent database\nversion, follow these steps:\n\n1. Create the target instance with the desired SQL Server version.\n\n Make sure the target instance has:\n - Sufficient storage to hold all of the current instance's data.\n - The same authorized networks as the current instance. [Learn more](/sql/docs/sqlserver/configure-ip).\n - The same user accounts, with the same SQL Server privileges and passwords.\n\n For more information, see [Creating an instance](/sql/docs/sqlserver/create-instance).\n2. Confirm that you can [connect to the new instance](/sql/docs/sqlserver/connect-admin-ip)\n with your local SQL Server tools and update them, if necessary.\n\n3. Export the current instance's data to a SQL Server BAK file by following the\n instructions in\n [Export data to a BAK file](/sql/docs/sqlserver/import-export/import-export-bak#export_data_to_a_bak_file).\n\n Do *not* export the `sqlserver` system database. The `sqlserver` database is\n the default database you connect to before you create any other\n databases. After you create another database, switch to the new database\n to create tables and insert data. Don't use the `sqlserver` database for your\n application's data.\n4. [Create a Cloud Storage bucket](/storage/docs/creating-buckets)\n if needed, and upload your BAK file to the bucket.\n\n5. Import the data to the target instance by following the instructions in\n [Import from a BAK file](/sql/docs/sqlserver/import-export/import-export-bak#import_data_from_a_bak_file).\n\n6. Update your applications to connect to the new instance.\n\n7. Upgrade the [database compatibility level](/sql/docs/sqlserver/upgrade-major-db-version-inplace#db-compat).\n\n8. When you're confident that your new instance is operating successfully,\n delete the old instance.\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Learn about [importing and exporting data](/sql/docs/sqlserver/import-export).\n- Learn about [options for connecting to an instance](/sql/docs/sqlserver/external-connection-methods)."]]