Export and import using SQL dump files

MySQL | PostgreSQL | SQL Server

This page describes exporting and importing data into Cloud SQL instances using SQL dump files.

Exporting from Cloud SQL to a SQL dump file isn't supported for SQL Server.

Before you begin

Exports use database resources, but they do not interfere with normal database operations unless the instance is under-provisioned.

For best practices, see Best Practices for Importing and Exporting Data.

After completing an import operation, verify the results.

Export data from Cloud SQL for SQL Server

Exporting from Cloud SQL to a SQL dump file is not supported for SQL Server.

Import data to Cloud SQL for SQL Server

Required roles and permissions for importing to Cloud SQL for SQL Server

To import data from Cloud Storage into Cloud SQL, the user initiating the import must have one of the following roles:

The Cloud SQL Admin role
A custom role, including the following permissions:
- cloudsql.instances.get
- cloudsql.instances.import

Additionally, the service account for the Cloud SQL instance must have one of the following roles:

The storage.objectAdmin IAM role
A custom role, including the following permissions:
- storage.objects.get
- storage.objects.list (for striped import only)

For help with IAM roles, see Identity and Access Management.

Import a SQL dump file to Cloud SQL for SQL Server

SQL files are plain text files with a sequence of SQL commands.

In the following procedure, prepare to specify an existing database to import your SQL files from.

Console

In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud SQL Instances page.

Go to Cloud SQL Instances
To open the Overview page of an instance, click the instance name.
Click Import.
In the Choose the file you'd like to import data from section, enter the path to the bucket and SQL dump file to use for the import, or browse to an existing file.
You can import a compressed (.gz) or an uncompressed (.sql) file.
For Format, select SQL.
Select the database you want the data to be imported into.

This causes Cloud SQL to run the USE DATABASE statement before the import.

If your SQL dump file includes a USE DATABASE statement, it overrides the database you set in the Google Cloud console.
If you want to specify a user to perform the import, select the user.

If your import file contains statements that must be performed by a specific user, use this field to specify that user.
Click Import to start the import.

gcloud

Create a Cloud Storage bucket.
Upload the file to your bucket.

For help with uploading files to buckets, see Uploading objects.

Describe the instance you are importing to:

gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME

Copy the serviceAccountEmailAddress field.
Use gcloud storage buckets add-iam-policy-binding to grant the storage.objectAdmin IAM role to the service account for the bucket.
```
gcloud storage buckets add-iam-policy-binding gs://BUCKET_NAME \
  --member=serviceAccount:SERVICE-ACCOUNT \
  --role=roles/storage.objectAdmin
  
```
For help with setting IAM permissions, see Using IAM permissions.
Import the database:
```
gcloud sql import sql INSTANCE_NAME gs://BUCKET_NAME/IMPORT_FILE_NAME \
--database=DATABASE_NAME
```
For information about using the import sql command, see the sql import sql command reference page.

If the command returns an error like ERROR_RDBMS, review the permissions; this error is often due to permissions issues.
If you do not need to retain the IAM permissions you set previously, remove them using gcloud storage buckets remove-iam-policy-binding.

REST v1

Create a Cloud Storage bucket.
Upload the file to your bucket.

For help with uploading files to buckets, see Uploading objects.
Provide your instance with the legacyBucketWriter and objectViewer IAM roles for your bucket. For help with setting IAM permissions, see Using IAM permissions.
Import your dump file:
Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:
- project-id: The project ID
- instance-id: The instance ID
- bucket_name: The Cloud Storage bucket name
- path_to_sql_file: The path to the SQL file
- database_name: The name of a database inside the Cloud SQL instance
HTTP method and URL:
```
POST https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/instances/instance-id/import
```
Request JSON body:
```
{
 "importContext":
   {
      "fileType": "SQL",
      "uri": "gs://bucket_name/path_to_sql_file",
      "database": "database_name"
    }
}
```
To send your request, expand one of these options:
curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:
```
curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/instances/instance-id/import"
```
PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:
```
$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/instances/instance-id/import" | Select-Object -Expand Content
```
You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:
Response
```
{
  "kind": "sql#operation",
  "targetLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/instances/target-instance-id",
  "status": "PENDING",
  "user": "user@example.com",
  "insertTime": "2020-01-21T22:43:37.981Z",
  "operationType": "UPDATE",
  "name": "operation-id",
  "targetId": "instance-id",
  "selfLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/operations/operation-id",
  "targetProject": "project-id"
}
```
For the complete list of parameters for the request, see the instances:import page.
If you do not need to retain the IAM permissions you set previously, remove them now.

REST v1beta4

Create a Cloud Storage bucket.
Upload the file to your bucket.

For help with uploading files to buckets, see Uploading objects.
Provide your instance with the storage.objectAdmin IAM role for your bucket. For help with setting IAM permissions, see Using IAM permissions.

Import your dump file:

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

project-id: The project ID
instance-id: The instance ID
bucket_name: The Cloud Storage bucket name
path_to_sql_file: The path to the SQL file
database_name: The name of a database inside the Cloud SQL instance

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/project-id/instances/instance-id/import

Request JSON body:

{
 "importContext":
   {
      "fileType": "SQL",
      "uri": "gs://bucket_name/path_to_sql_file",
      "database": "database_name"
    }
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/project-id/instances/instance-id/import"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/project-id/instances/instance-id/import" | Select-Object -Expand Content

You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:

Response

{
  "kind": "sql#operation",
  "targetLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/project-id/instances/target-instance-id",
  "status": "PENDING",
  "user": "user@example.com",
  "insertTime": "2020-01-21T22:43:37.981Z",
  "operationType": "UPDATE",
  "name": "operation-id",
  "targetId": "instance-id",
  "selfLink": "https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/project-id/operations/operation-id",
  "targetProject": "project-id"
}

For the complete list of parameters for the request, see the instances:import page.

If you do not need to retain the IAM permissions you set previously, remove them now.

What's next

Learn how to check the status of import and export operations.
Learn more about best practices for importing and exporting data.
Learn more about Cloud Storage.
Known issues for imports and exports.