Consulta con el parámetro TIMESTAMP

Consulta datos mediante un parámetro TIMESTAMP.

Muestra de código

C++

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.

Para autenticarte en Spanner, configura las credenciales predeterminadas de la aplicación. Si deseas obtener más información, consulta Configura la autenticación para un entorno de desarrollo local.

void QueryWithTimestampParameter(
    google::cloud::spanner::Client client,
    google::cloud::spanner::Timestamp example_timestamp) {
  namespace spanner = ::google::cloud::spanner;
  spanner::SqlStatement select(
      "SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues"
      " WHERE LastUpdateTime <= @last_update_time",
      {{"last_update_time", spanner::Value(example_timestamp)}});
  using RowType = std::tuple<std::int64_t, absl::optional<std::string>,
                             absl::optional<spanner::Timestamp>>;
  auto rows = client.ExecuteQuery(std::move(select));
  for (auto& row : spanner::StreamOf<RowType>(rows)) {
    if (!row) throw std::move(row).status();
    std::cout << "VenueId: " << std::get<0>(*row) << "\t";
    std::cout << "VenueName: " << std::get<1>(*row).value() << "\t";
    std::cout << "LastUpdateTime: " << std::get<2>(*row).value() << "\n";
  }
  std::cout << "Query completed for [spanner_query_with_timestamp_parameter]\n";
}

C#

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.


using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Data;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class QueryWithTimestampAsyncSample
{
    public class Venue
    {
        public int VenueId { get; set; }
        public string VenueName { get; set; }
        public DateTime? LastUpdateTime { get; set; }
    }

    public async Task<List<Venue>> QueryWithTimestampAsync(string projectId, string instanceId, string databaseId)
    {
        string connectionString = $"Data Source=projects/{projectId}/instances/{instanceId}/databases/{databaseId}";
        // Initialize a DateTime timestamp variable to use for querying.
        DateTime exampleTimestamp = DateTime.UtcNow;

        using var connection = new SpannerConnection(connectionString);
        var cmd = connection.CreateSelectCommand("SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues WHERE LastUpdateTime < @ExampleTimestamp");
        cmd.Parameters.Add("ExampleTimestamp", SpannerDbType.Timestamp, exampleTimestamp);

        var venues = new List<Venue>();
        using var reader = await cmd.ExecuteReaderAsync();
        while (await reader.ReadAsync())
        {
            venues.Add(new Venue
            {
                VenueId = reader.GetFieldValue<int>("VenueId"),
                VenueName = reader.GetFieldValue<string>("VenueName"),
                LastUpdateTime = reader["LastUpdateTime"] != DBNull.Value ? reader.GetFieldValue<DateTime?>("LastUpdateTime") : null
            });
        }
        return venues;
    }
}

Go

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.


import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/spanner"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
)

func queryWithTimestampParameter(w io.Writer, db string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := spanner.NewClient(ctx, db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	var exampleTimestamp = time.Now()
	stmt := spanner.Statement{
		SQL: `SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues
		WHERE LastUpdateTime <= @lastUpdateTime`,
		Params: map[string]interface{}{
			"lastUpdateTime": exampleTimestamp,
		},
	}
	iter := client.Single().Query(ctx, stmt)
	defer iter.Stop()
	for {
		row, err := iter.Next()
		if err == iterator.Done {
			return nil
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var venueID int64
		var venueName string
		var lastUpdateTime time.Time
		if err := row.Columns(&venueID, &venueName, &lastUpdateTime); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d %s %s\n", venueID, venueName, lastUpdateTime)
	}
}

Java

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.

static void queryWithTimestampParameter(DatabaseClient dbClient) {
  Instant exampleTimestamp = Instant.now();
  Statement statement =
      Statement.newBuilder(
              "SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues "
                  + "WHERE LastUpdateTime < @lastUpdateTime")
          .bind("lastUpdateTime")
          .to(exampleTimestamp.toString())
          .build();
  try (ResultSet resultSet = dbClient.singleUse().executeQuery(statement)) {
    while (resultSet.next()) {
      System.out.printf(
          "%d %s %s\n",
          resultSet.getLong("VenueId"),
          resultSet.getString("VenueName"),
          resultSet.getTimestamp("LastUpdateTime"));
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.

// Imports the Google Cloud client library.
const {Spanner} = require('@google-cloud/spanner');

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'my-project-id';
// const instanceId = 'my-instance';
// const databaseId = 'my-database';

// Creates a client.
const spanner = new Spanner({
  projectId: projectId,
});

// Gets a reference to a Cloud Spanner instance and database.
const instance = spanner.instance(instanceId);
const database = instance.database(databaseId);

const fieldType = {
  type: 'timestamp',
};

const exampleTimestamp = new Date().toISOString();

const query = {
  sql: `SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues
          WHERE LastUpdateTime < @lastUpdateTime`,
  params: {
    lastUpdateTime: exampleTimestamp,
  },
  types: {
    lastUpdateTime: fieldType,
  },
};

// Queries rows from the Venues table.
try {
  const [rows] = await database.run(query);

  rows.forEach(row => {
    const json = row.toJSON();
    console.log(
      `VenueId: ${json.VenueId}, VenueName: ${json.VenueName},` +
        ` LastUpdateTime: ${json.LastUpdateTime}`
    );
  });
} catch (err) {
  console.error('ERROR:', err);
} finally {
  // Close the database when finished.
  database.close();
}

PHP

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.

use Google\Cloud\Spanner\SpannerClient;
use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Database;

/**
 * Queries sample data from the database using SQL with a TIMESTAMP parameter.
 * Example:
 * ```
 * query_data_with_timestamp_parameter($instanceId, $databaseId);
 * ```
 *
 * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
 * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
 */
function query_data_with_timestamp_parameter(string $instanceId, string $databaseId): void
{
    $spanner = new SpannerClient();
    $instance = $spanner->instance($instanceId);
    $database = $instance->database($databaseId);

    $exampleTimestamp = gmdate('Y-m-d\TH:i:s.u\Z');

    $results = $database->execute(
        'SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues ' .
        'WHERE LastUpdateTime < @lastUpdateTime',
        [
            'parameters' => [
                'lastUpdateTime' => $exampleTimestamp
            ]
        ]
    );

    foreach ($results as $row) {
        printf('VenueId: %s, VenueName: %s, LastUpdateTime: %s' . PHP_EOL,
            $row['VenueId'], $row['VenueName'], $row['LastUpdateTime']);
    }
}

Python

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.

# instance_id = "your-spanner-instance"
# database_id = "your-spanner-db-id"
spanner_client = spanner.Client()
instance = spanner_client.instance(instance_id)
database = instance.database(database_id)

example_timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + "Z"
param = {"last_update_time": example_timestamp}
param_type = {"last_update_time": param_types.TIMESTAMP}

with database.snapshot() as snapshot:
    results = snapshot.execute_sql(
        "SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues "
        "WHERE LastUpdateTime < @last_update_time",
        params=param,
        param_types=param_type,
    )

    for row in results:
        print("VenueId: {}, VenueName: {}, LastUpdateTime: {}".format(*row))

Ruby

Para obtener información sobre cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca cliente de Spanner, consulta Bibliotecas cliente de Spanner.

# project_id  = "Your Google Cloud project ID"
# instance_id = "Your Spanner instance ID"
# database_id = "Your Spanner database ID"

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new project: project_id
client  = spanner.client instance_id, database_id

example_timestamp = DateTime.now
sql_query = "SELECT VenueId, VenueName, LastUpdateTime FROM Venues
             WHERE LastUpdateTime < @last_update_time"

params      = { last_update_time: example_timestamp }
param_types = { last_update_time: :TIMESTAMP }

client.execute(sql_query, params: params, types: param_types).rows.each do |row|
  puts "#{row[:VenueId]} #{row[:VenueName]} #{row[:LastUpdateTime]}"
end

¿Qué sigue?

Para buscar y filtrar muestras de código para otros productos de Google Cloud, consulta el navegador de muestra de Google Cloud.