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Suscribirse con extracción síncrona

Usa extracción síncrona para recibir mensajes.

Páginas de documentación que incluyen esta muestra de código

Para ver la muestra de código usada en contexto, consulta la siguiente documentación:

Muestra de código

C#

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de C# en la Guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub sobre el uso de bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub para C#. 


using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Grpc.Core;
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

public class PullMessagesSyncSample
{
    public int PullMessagesSync(string projectId, string subscriptionId, bool acknowledge)
    {
        SubscriptionName subscriptionName = SubscriptionName.FromProjectSubscription(projectId, subscriptionId);
        SubscriberServiceApiClient subscriberClient = SubscriberServiceApiClient.Create();
        int messageCount = 0;
        try
        {
            // Pull messages from server,
            // allowing an immediate response if there are no messages.
            PullResponse response = subscriberClient.Pull(subscriptionName, returnImmediately: false, maxMessages: 20);
            // Print out each received message.
            foreach (ReceivedMessage msg in response.ReceivedMessages)
            {
                string text = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msg.Message.Data.ToArray());
                Console.WriteLine($"Message {msg.Message.MessageId}: {text}");
                Interlocked.Increment(ref messageCount);
            }
            // If acknowledgement required, send to server.
            if (acknowledge && messageCount > 0)
            {
                subscriberClient.Acknowledge(subscriptionName, response.ReceivedMessages.Select(msg => msg.AckId));
            }
        }
        catch (RpcException ex) when (ex.Status.StatusCode == StatusCode.Unavailable)
        {
            // UNAVAILABLE due to too many concurrent pull requests pending for the given subscription.
        }
        return messageCount;
    }
}

Go

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Go en la Guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub para Go. 

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub"
)

func pullMsgsSync(w io.Writer, projectID, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// subID := "my-sub"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsub.NewClient: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	sub := client.Subscription(subID)

	// Turn on synchronous mode. This makes the subscriber use the Pull RPC rather
	// than the StreamingPull RPC, which is useful for guaranteeing MaxOutstandingMessages,
	// the max number of messages the client will hold in memory at a time.
	sub.ReceiveSettings.Synchronous = true
	sub.ReceiveSettings.MaxOutstandingMessages = 10

	// Receive messages for 5 seconds.
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	// Create a channel to handle messages to as they come in.
	cm := make(chan *pubsub.Message)
	defer close(cm)
	// Handle individual messages in a goroutine.
	go func() {
		for msg := range cm {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "Got message :%q\n", string(msg.Data))
			msg.Ack()
		}
	}()

	// Receive blocks until the passed in context is done.
	err = sub.Receive(ctx, func(ctx context.Context, msg *pubsub.Message) {
		cm <- msg
	})
	if err != nil && status.Code(err) != codes.Canceled {
		return fmt.Errorf("Receive: %v", err)
	}

	return nil
}

Java

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Java en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub sobre el uso de bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub para Java. 


import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.stub.GrpcSubscriberStub;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.stub.SubscriberStub;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.stub.SubscriberStubSettings;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.AcknowledgeRequest;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectSubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PullRequest;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PullResponse;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ReceivedMessage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SubscribeSyncExample {
  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
    Integer numOfMessages = 10;

    subscribeSyncExample(projectId, subscriptionId, numOfMessages);
  }

  public static void subscribeSyncExample(
      String projectId, String subscriptionId, Integer numOfMessages) throws IOException {
    SubscriberStubSettings subscriberStubSettings =
        SubscriberStubSettings.newBuilder()
            .setTransportChannelProvider(
                SubscriberStubSettings.defaultGrpcTransportProviderBuilder()
                    .setMaxInboundMessageSize(20 * 1024 * 1024) // 20MB (maximum message size).
                    .build())
            .build();

    try (SubscriberStub subscriber = GrpcSubscriberStub.create(subscriberStubSettings)) {
      String subscriptionName = ProjectSubscriptionName.format(projectId, subscriptionId);
      PullRequest pullRequest =
          PullRequest.newBuilder()
              .setMaxMessages(numOfMessages)
              .setSubscription(subscriptionName)
              .build();

      // Use pullCallable().futureCall to asynchronously perform this operation.
      PullResponse pullResponse = subscriber.pullCallable().call(pullRequest);
      List<String> ackIds = new ArrayList<>();
      for (ReceivedMessage message : pullResponse.getReceivedMessagesList()) {
        // Handle received message
        // ...
        ackIds.add(message.getAckId());
      }
      // Acknowledge received messages.
      AcknowledgeRequest acknowledgeRequest =
          AcknowledgeRequest.newBuilder()
              .setSubscription(subscriptionName)
              .addAllAckIds(ackIds)
              .build();

      // Use acknowledgeCallable().futureCall to asynchronously perform this operation.
      subscriber.acknowledgeCallable().call(acknowledgeRequest);
      System.out.println(pullResponse.getReceivedMessagesList());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Node.js en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub mediante bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub para Node.js. 

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const subscriptionName = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library. v1 is for the lower level
// proto access.
const {v1} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Creates a client; cache this for further use.
const subClient = new v1.SubscriberClient();

async function synchronousPull() {
  const formattedSubscription = subClient.subscriptionPath(
    projectId,
    subscriptionName
  );

  // The maximum number of messages returned for this request.
  // Pub/Sub may return fewer than the number specified.
  const request = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    maxMessages: 10,
  };

  // The subscriber pulls a specified number of messages.
  const [response] = await subClient.pull(request);

  // Process the messages.
  const ackIds = [];
  for (const message of response.receivedMessages) {
    console.log(`Received message: ${message.message.data}`);
    ackIds.push(message.ackId);
  }

  // Acknowledge all of the messages. You could also ackknowledge
  // these individually, but this is more efficient.
  const ackRequest = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    ackIds: ackIds,
  };
  await subClient.acknowledge(ackRequest);

  console.log('Done.');
}

synchronousPull().catch(console.error);

PHP

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de PHP en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub sobre el uso de bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub para PHP. 

use Google\Cloud\PubSub\PubSubClient;

/**
 * Pulls all Pub/Sub messages for a subscription.
 *
 * @param string $projectId  The Google project ID.
 * @param string $subscriptionName  The Pub/Sub subscription name.
 */
function pull_messages($projectId, $subscriptionName)
{
    $pubsub = new PubSubClient([
        'projectId' => $projectId,
    ]);
    $subscription = $pubsub->subscription($subscriptionName);
    foreach ($subscription->pull() as $message) {
        printf('Message: %s' . PHP_EOL, $message->data());
        // Acknowledge the Pub/Sub message has been received, so it will not be pulled multiple times.
        $subscription->acknowledge($message);
    }
}

Python

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Python en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub sobre el uso de bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub para Python. 

from google.api_core import retry
from google.cloud import pubsub_v1

# TODO(developer)
# project_id = "your-project-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

subscriber = pubsub_v1.SubscriberClient()
subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project_id, subscription_id)

NUM_MESSAGES = 3

# Wrap the subscriber in a 'with' block to automatically call close() to
# close the underlying gRPC channel when done.
with subscriber:
    # The subscriber pulls a specific number of messages. The actual
    # number of messages pulled may be smaller than max_messages.
    response = subscriber.pull(
        request={"subscription": subscription_path, "max_messages": NUM_MESSAGES},
        retry=retry.Retry(deadline=300),
    )

    ack_ids = []
    for received_message in response.received_messages:
        print(f"Received: {received_message.message.data}.")
        ack_ids.append(received_message.ack_id)

    # Acknowledges the received messages so they will not be sent again.
    subscriber.acknowledge(
        request={"subscription": subscription_path, "ack_ids": ack_ids}
    )

    print(
        f"Received and acknowledged {len(response.received_messages)} messages from {subscription_path}."
    )

Ruby

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Ruby en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub sobre el uso de bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub para Ruby. 

# subscription_name = "Your Pubsub subscription name"
require "google/cloud/pubsub"

pubsub = Google::Cloud::Pubsub.new

subscription = pubsub.subscription subscription_name
subscription.pull.each do |message|
  puts "Message pulled: #{message.data}"
  message.acknowledge!
end