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Recibir mensajes con intentos de entrega

Imprime el campo de intento de entrega de un mensaje de una suscripción con una clase `DeadLetterPolicy`.

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Para obtener documentación detallada que incluya este código de muestra, consulta lo siguiente:

Gestionar fallos de mensajes

Código de ejemplo

C++

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de C++ que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API C++ Pub/Sub.

Para autenticarte en Pub/Sub, configura las credenciales predeterminadas de la aplicación. Para obtener más información, consulta el artículo Configurar la autenticación en un entorno de desarrollo local.

namespace pubsub = ::google::cloud::pubsub;
auto sample = [](pubsub::Subscriber subscriber) {
  return subscriber.Subscribe(
      [&](pubsub::Message const& m, pubsub::AckHandler h) {
        std::cout << "Received message " << m << "\n";
        std::cout << "Delivery attempt: " << h.delivery_attempt() << "\n";
        std::move(h).ack();
        PleaseIgnoreThisSimplifiesTestingTheSamples();
      });
};

C#

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de C# que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API C# Pub/Sub.


using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class PullMessagesAsyncWithDeliveryAttemptsSample
{
    public async Task<int> PullMessagesAsyncWithDeliveryAttempts(string projectId, string subscriptionId, bool acknowledge)
    {
        // This is an existing subscription with a dead letter policy.
        SubscriptionName subscriptionName = SubscriptionName.FromProjectSubscription(projectId, subscriptionId);

        SubscriberClient subscriber = await SubscriberClient.CreateAsync(subscriptionName);

        int deliveryAttempt = 0;
        Task startTask = subscriber.StartAsync((PubsubMessage message, CancellationToken cancel) =>
        {
            string text = message.Data.ToStringUtf8();
            System.Console.WriteLine($"Delivery Attempt: {message.GetDeliveryAttempt()}");
            if (message.GetDeliveryAttempt() != null)
            {
                deliveryAttempt = message.GetDeliveryAttempt().Value;
            }
            return Task.FromResult(acknowledge ? SubscriberClient.Reply.Ack : SubscriberClient.Reply.Nack);
        });
        // Run for 7 seconds.
        await Task.Delay(7000);
        await subscriber.StopAsync(CancellationToken.None);
        // Lets make sure that the start task finished successfully after the call to stop.
        await startTask;
        return deliveryAttempt;
    }
}

Go

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Go que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API Go Pub/Sub.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub/v2"
)

func pullMsgsDeadLetterDeliveryAttempt(w io.Writer, projectID, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// subID := "my-sub"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsub.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Receive messages for 10 seconds, which simplifies testing.
	// Comment this out in production, since `Receive` should
	// be used as a long running operation.
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	// client.Subscriber can be passed a subscription ID (e.g. "my-sub") or
	// a fully qualified name (e.g. "projects/my-project/subscriptions/my-sub").
	// If a subscription ID is provided, the project ID from the client is used.
	sub := client.Subscriber(subID)
	err = sub.Receive(ctx, func(_ context.Context, msg *pubsub.Message) {
		// When dead lettering is enabled, the delivery attempt field is a pointer to the
		// the number of times the service has attempted to delivery a message.
		// Otherwise, the field is nil.
		if msg.DeliveryAttempt != nil {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "message: %s, delivery attempts: %d", msg.Data, *msg.DeliveryAttempt)
		}
		msg.Ack()
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("got error in Receive: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Java que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API Java Pub/Sub.


import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.AckReplyConsumer;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.MessageReceiver;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.Subscriber;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectSubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class ReceiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    // This is an existing subscription with a dead letter policy.
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";

    ReceiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample.receiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample(
        projectId, subscriptionId);
  }

  public static void receiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample(
      String projectId, String subscriptionId) {

    ProjectSubscriptionName subscriptionName =
        ProjectSubscriptionName.of(projectId, subscriptionId);

    // Instantiate an asynchronous message receiver.
    MessageReceiver receiver =
        new MessageReceiver() {
          @Override
          public void receiveMessage(PubsubMessage message, AckReplyConsumer consumer) {
            // Handle incoming message, then ack the received message.
            System.out.println("Id: " + message.getMessageId());
            System.out.println("Data: " + message.getData().toStringUtf8());
            System.out.println("Delivery Attempt: " + Subscriber.getDeliveryAttempt(message));
            consumer.ack();
          }
        };

    Subscriber subscriber = null;
    try {
      subscriber = Subscriber.newBuilder(subscriptionName, receiver).build();
      // Start the subscriber.
      subscriber.startAsync().awaitRunning();
      System.out.printf("Listening for messages on %s:\n", subscriptionName.toString());
      // Allow the subscriber to run for 30s unless an unrecoverable error occurs.
      subscriber.awaitTerminated(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    } catch (TimeoutException timeoutException) {
      // Shut down the subscriber after 30s. Stop receiving messages.
      subscriber.stopAsync();
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Node.js que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API Node.js Pub/Sub.

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library. v1 is for the lower level
// proto access.
const {v1} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Creates a client; cache this for further use.
const subClient = new v1.SubscriberClient();

async function synchronousPullWithDeliveryAttempts(
  projectId,
  subscriptionNameOrId,
) {
  // The low level API client requires a name only.
  const formattedSubscription =
    subscriptionNameOrId.indexOf('/') >= 0
      ? subscriptionNameOrId
      : subClient.subscriptionPath(projectId, subscriptionNameOrId);

  // The maximum number of messages returned for this request.
  // Pub/Sub may return fewer than the number specified.
  const request = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    maxMessages: 10,
  };

  // The subscriber pulls a specified number of messages.
  const [response] = await subClient.pull(request);

  // Process the messages.
  const ackIds = [];
  for (const message of response.receivedMessages || []) {
    console.log(`Received message: ${message.message.data}`);
    console.log(`Delivery Attempt: ${message.deliveryAttempt}`);
    if (message.ackId) {
      ackIds.push(message.ackId);
    }
  }

  // Acknowledge all of the messages. You could also acknowledge
  // these individually, but this is more efficient.
  const ackRequest = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    ackIds: ackIds,
  };
  await subClient.acknowledge(ackRequest);

  console.log('Done.');
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library. v1 is for the lower level
// proto access.
import {v1} from '@google-cloud/pubsub';

// Creates a client; cache this for further use.
const subClient = new v1.SubscriberClient();

async function synchronousPullWithDeliveryAttempts(
  projectId: string,
  subscriptionNameOrId: string,
) {
  // The low level API client requires a name only.
  const formattedSubscription =
    subscriptionNameOrId.indexOf('/') >= 0
      ? subscriptionNameOrId
      : subClient.subscriptionPath(projectId, subscriptionNameOrId);

  // The maximum number of messages returned for this request.
  // Pub/Sub may return fewer than the number specified.
  const request = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    maxMessages: 10,
  };

  // The subscriber pulls a specified number of messages.
  const [response] = await subClient.pull(request);

  // Process the messages.
  const ackIds: string[] = [];
  for (const message of response.receivedMessages ?? []) {
    console.log(`Received message: ${message.message?.data}`);
    console.log(`Delivery Attempt: ${message.deliveryAttempt}`);
    if (message.ackId) {
      ackIds.push(message.ackId);
    }
  }

  // Acknowledge all of the messages. You could also acknowledge
  // these individually, but this is more efficient.
  const ackRequest = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    ackIds: ackIds,
  };
  await subClient.acknowledge(ackRequest);

  console.log('Done.');
}

PHP

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de PHP que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API PHP Pub/Sub.

use Google\Cloud\PubSub\Message;
use Google\Cloud\PubSub\PubSubClient;

/**
 * Get the delivery attempt from a pulled message.
 *
 * @param string $projectId  The Google project ID.
 * @param string $topicName  The Pub/Sub topic name.
 * @param string $subscriptionName  The Pub/Sub subscription name.
 * @param string $message The contents of a pubsub message data field.
 */
function dead_letter_delivery_attempt($projectId, $topicName, $subscriptionName, $message)
{
    $pubsub = new PubSubClient([
        'projectId' => $projectId,
    ]);

    $topic = $pubsub->topic($topicName);

    // publish test message
    $topic->publish(new Message([
        'data' => $message
    ]));

    $subscription = $topic->subscription($subscriptionName);
    $messages = $subscription->pull();

    foreach ($messages as $message) {
        printf('Received message %s' . PHP_EOL, $message->data());
        printf('Delivery attempt %d' . PHP_EOL, $message->deliveryAttempt());
    }
    print('Done' . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Python que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API Python Pub/Sub.

from concurrent.futures import TimeoutError
from google.cloud import pubsub_v1

# TODO(developer)
# project_id = "your-project-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

subscriber = pubsub_v1.SubscriberClient()
subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project_id, subscription_id)

def callback(message: pubsub_v1.subscriber.message.Message) -> None:
    print(f"Received {message}.")
    print(f"With delivery attempts: {message.delivery_attempt}.")
    message.ack()

streaming_pull_future = subscriber.subscribe(subscription_path, callback=callback)
print(f"Listening for messages on {subscription_path}..\n")

# Wrap subscriber in a 'with' block to automatically call close() when done.
with subscriber:
    # When `timeout` is not set, result() will block indefinitely,
    # unless an exception is encountered first.
    try:
        streaming_pull_future.result(timeout=timeout)
    except TimeoutError:
        streaming_pull_future.cancel()  # Trigger the shutdown.
        streaming_pull_future.result()  # Block until the shutdown is complete.

Ruby

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Ruby que se indican en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas de cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API Ruby Pub/Sub.

# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

pubsub = Google::Cloud::PubSub.new
subscriber = pubsub.subscriber subscription_id

subscriber.pull(immediate: false).each do |message|
  puts "Received message: #{message.data}"
  puts "Delivery Attempt: #{message.delivery_attempt}"
  message.acknowledge!
end

Siguientes pasos

Para buscar y filtrar ejemplos de código de otros Google Cloud productos, consulta el Google Cloud navegador de ejemplos.

Recibir mensajes con intentos de entrega Organízate con las colecciones Guarda y clasifica el contenido según tus preferencias.

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Código de ejemplo

C++

C#

Go

Java

Node.js

Node.js

PHP

Python

Ruby

Siguientes pasos

Recibir mensajes con intentos de entrega