Cloud Run Functions 직접 호출

Cloud Functions v2 API로 만든 함수의 빠른 반복 및 디버깅을 지원하기 위해 Cloud Run 함수는 명령줄 인터페이스에서 call 명령어를 제공합니다. 이를 통해 함수를 직접 호출하여 예상대로 작동하는지 확인할 수 있습니다. 또한 특정 이벤트에 응답하도록 배포된 함수라도 즉시 실행됩니다.

Google Cloud CLI로 함수 테스트

gcloud CLI를 사용하여 함수를 직접 호출하려면 gcloud functions call 명령어를 사용하고 함수에 필요한 데이터를 --data 인수에 JSON으로 제공합니다. 예를 들면 다음과 같습니다.

gcloud functions call YOUR_FUNCTION_NAME \
  --region=REGION --gen2 \
  --data '{"name":"Kalani"}'

다음과 같이 바꿉니다.

  • YOUR_FUNCTION_NAME: 테스트할 함수의 이름
  • REGION: 함수가 배포된 Google Cloud 리전

--data 인수는 다음과 같이 함수에 전달됩니다.

  • HTTP 함수의 경우 사용자가 제공한 데이터는 POST 요청 본문으로 전송됩니다.
  • CloudEvent 함수의 경우 데이터는 이벤트 데이터로 함수에 직접 전달됩니다.

자세한 내용은 gcloud functions call 문서를 참조하세요.

Cloud Pub/Sub 이벤트 기반 함수 예시

다음 예시에서는 Cloud Pub/Sub 이벤트에 의해 트리거된 이벤트 기반 함수를 직접 호출하는 방법을 보여줍니다.

Node.js

const functions = require('@google-cloud/functions-framework');

// Register a CloudEvent callback with the Functions Framework that will
// be executed when the Pub/Sub trigger topic receives a message.
functions.cloudEvent('helloPubSub', cloudEvent => {
  // The Pub/Sub message is passed as the CloudEvent's data payload.
  const base64name = cloudEvent.data.message.data;

  const name = base64name
    ? Buffer.from(base64name, 'base64').toString()
    : 'World';

  console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`);
});

Python

import base64

from cloudevents.http import CloudEvent
import functions_framework


# Triggered from a message on a Cloud Pub/Sub topic.
@functions_framework.cloud_event
def subscribe(cloud_event: CloudEvent) -> None:
    # Print out the data from Pub/Sub, to prove that it worked
    print(
        "Hello, " + base64.b64decode(cloud_event.data["message"]["data"]).decode() + "!"
    )

Go


// Package helloworld provides a set of Cloud Functions samples.
package helloworld

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"log"

	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/functions-framework-go/functions"
	"github.com/cloudevents/sdk-go/v2/event"
)

func init() {
	functions.CloudEvent("HelloPubSub", helloPubSub)
}

// MessagePublishedData contains the full Pub/Sub message
// See the documentation for more details:
// https://cloud.google.com/eventarc/docs/cloudevents#pubsub
type MessagePublishedData struct {
	Message PubSubMessage
}

// PubSubMessage is the payload of a Pub/Sub event.
// See the documentation for more details:
// https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/reference/rest/v1/PubsubMessage
type PubSubMessage struct {
	Data []byte `json:"data"`
}

// helloPubSub consumes a CloudEvent message and extracts the Pub/Sub message.
func helloPubSub(ctx context.Context, e event.Event) error {
	var msg MessagePublishedData
	if err := e.DataAs(&msg); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("event.DataAs: %w", err)
	}

	name := string(msg.Message.Data) // Automatically decoded from base64.
	if name == "" {
		name = "World"
	}
	log.Printf("Hello, %s!", name)
	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.cloud.functions.CloudEventsFunction;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import functions.eventpojos.PubSubBody;
import io.cloudevents.CloudEvent;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class SubscribeToTopic implements CloudEventsFunction {
  private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(SubscribeToTopic.class.getName());

  @Override
  public void accept(CloudEvent event) {
    // The Pub/Sub message is passed as the CloudEvent's data payload.
    if (event.getData() != null) {
      // Extract Cloud Event data and convert to PubSubBody
      String cloudEventData = new String(event.getData().toBytes(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      Gson gson = new Gson();
      PubSubBody body = gson.fromJson(cloudEventData, PubSubBody.class);
      // Retrieve and decode PubSub message data
      String encodedData = body.getMessage().getData();
      String decodedData =
          new String(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encodedData), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      logger.info("Hello, " + decodedData + "!");
    }
  }
}

C#

using CloudNative.CloudEvents;
using Google.Cloud.Functions.Framework;
using Google.Events.Protobuf.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace HelloPubSub;

public class Function : ICloudEventFunction<MessagePublishedData>
{
    private readonly ILogger _logger;

    public Function(ILogger<Function> logger) =>
        _logger = logger;

    public Task HandleAsync(CloudEvent cloudEvent, MessagePublishedData data, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        string nameFromMessage = data.Message?.TextData;
        string name = string.IsNullOrEmpty(nameFromMessage) ? "world" : nameFromMessage;
        _logger.LogInformation("Hello {name}", name);
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}

Ruby

require "functions_framework"
require "base64"

FunctionsFramework.cloud_event "hello_pubsub" do |event|
  # The event parameter is a CloudEvents::Event::V1 object.
  # See https://cloudevents.github.io/sdk-ruby/latest/CloudEvents/Event/V1.html
  name = Base64.decode64 event.data["message"]["data"] rescue "World"

  # A cloud_event function does not return a response, but you can log messages
  # or cause side effects such as sending additional events.
  logger.info "Hello, #{name}!"
end

PHP


use CloudEvents\V1\CloudEventInterface;
use Google\CloudFunctions\FunctionsFramework;

// Register the function with Functions Framework.
// This enables omitting the `FUNCTIONS_SIGNATURE_TYPE=cloudevent` environment
// variable when deploying. The `FUNCTION_TARGET` environment variable should
// match the first parameter.
FunctionsFramework::cloudEvent('helloworldPubsub', 'helloworldPubsub');

function helloworldPubsub(CloudEventInterface $event): void
{
    $log = fopen(getenv('LOGGER_OUTPUT') ?: 'php://stderr', 'wb');

    $cloudEventData = $event->getData();
    $pubSubData = base64_decode($cloudEventData['message']['data']);

    $name = $pubSubData ? htmlspecialchars($pubSubData) : 'World';
    fwrite($log, "Hello, $name!" . PHP_EOL);
}

함수를 직접 호출하려면 base64로 인코딩된 데이터가 필요한 PubsubMessage를 이벤트 데이터로 보냅니다.

Node.js

DATA=$(printf 'Hello!'|base64) && gcloud functions call helloPubSub --data '{"data":"'$DATA'"}'

Python

DATA=$(printf 'Hello!'|base64) && gcloud functions call hello_pubsub --data '{"data":"'$DATA'"}'

Go

DATA=$(printf 'Hello!'|base64) && gcloud functions call HelloPubSub --data '{"data":"'$DATA'"}'

자바

DATA=$(printf 'Hello!'|base64) && gcloud functions call java-hello-pubsub --data '{"data":"'$DATA'"}'

C#

DATA=$(printf 'Hello!'|base64) && gcloud functions call csharp-hello-pubsub --data '{"data":"'$DATA'"}'

Ruby

DATA=$(printf 'Hello!'|base64) && gcloud functions call hello_pubsub --data '{"data":"'$DATA'"}'

PHP

DATA=$(printf 'Hello!'|base64) && gcloud functions call helloworldPubsub --data '{"data":"'$DATA'"}'

이 CLI 예시에서는 bash 또는 sh 구문을 사용합니다. Linux 및 Mac 환경에서 작동하지만 Windows에서는 작동하지 않습니다.