App Engine standard environment for Go 1.12+ release notes

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November 19, 2024

Go 1.23 is now available in preview.

July 30, 2024

In the App Engine page in the Google Cloud console, you can now filter your existing App Engine versions by runtime lifecycle stages. After you apply this filter, the console displays a warning icon for App Engine versions that are approaching end of support, have reached end of support, are deprecated, and are decomissioned.

July 12, 2024

Deployments for new projects might be impacted from the following changes to org policies:

  • Starting in May 2024, Google Cloud enforces secure-by-default organization policies for all organization resources. This policy prevents App Engine from granting the Editor role to the App Engine default services accounts by default.

  • Starting in June 2024, Cloud Build has changed the default behavior for how Cloud Build uses service accounts in new projects. This change is detailed in Cloud Build Service Account Change. As a result of this change, new projects deploying versions for the first time may be using the default App Engine service account with insufficient permissions for deploying versions.

If you are impacted by this change you can do one of the following:

  • Grant the Editor role to the App Engine default service account.

  • Review the Cloud Build guidance on changes to the default service account and opt out of these changes.

March 26, 2024

Go 1.22 is now generally available.

Starting in Go version 1.22 and later:

  • You can't use go get outside of a module in the legacy GOPATH mode (GO111MODULE=off).
  • Go recommends that you use a go.mod file for managing dependencies.

For more information, see Specify dependencies.

March 12, 2024

You can't use the latest version of dev_appserver.py to locally run your applications for runtimes that reached end of support. To continue using an archived version of dev_appserver.py, see Use the local development server after runtimes reach the end of support.

February 26, 2024

Go 1.22 is now available in preview.

January 30, 2024

Go 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, and 1.18 have reached end of support on January 30, 2024. Your existing applications using these versions will continue to run and receive traffic. However, App Engine might block re-deployments of applications that use runtimes after their end of support date. We recommend that you migrate to the latest supported version of Go.

January 23, 2024

The option to update a Serverless VPC Access connector is now available at general availability (GA). This feature allows you to edit the machine (instance) type, as well as the minimum and maximum number of instances.

December 21, 2023

A warning message now appears before you publish a container image to a public repository.

September 14, 2023

August 14, 2023

Go 1.21 is now available in preview.

August 07, 2023

Accessing a service that's prohibited by the Internal or Internal and Cloud Load Balancing ingress setting now results in a 404 rather than 403 error code.

May 01, 2023

Memory limits for second-generation runtimes have been increased to better support the growing memory utilization of many newer runtimes.

April 27, 2023

The Search API is now available in the App Engine legacy bundled services for second-generation runtimes. Access this legacy bundled service through the App Engine services SDK for Go 1.12+.

April 18, 2023

If you use the local development server to simulate an App Engine app in production, you must now run dev_appserver.py with Python 3 and set the CLOUDSDK_DEVAPPSERVER_PYTHON environment variable in your shell to the path of your Python 2 interpreter. Learn more about the required setup steps.

Updated the Go SDK to version 1.9.75.

March 24, 2023

The Go 1.20 runtime for App Engine standard environment is now generally available.

February 13, 2023

The Go 1.20 runtime for App Engine standard environment is now available in preview.

January 17, 2023

The Go 1.18 and Go 1.19 runtimes for App Engine standard environment are now generally available.

December 21, 2022

The option to update a Serverless VPC Access connector is now available in preview. This feature allows you to edit the machine (instance) type, as well as the minimum and maximum number of instances.

December 13, 2022

You can now use any configured service account in your Cloud project as the app-level default service account, while creating and updating your App Engine applications.

December 07, 2022

The Go 1.18 and Go 1.19 runtimes for App Engine standard environment are now available in Preview.

November 01, 2022

Build environment variables support is now generally available.

May 18, 2022

Specifying a user-managed service account for each App Engine version during deployment is now generally available.

April 13, 2022

The App Engine legacy bundled services for Go 1.12+ are now available at the General Availability release level. These APIs can be accessed through language-idiomatic libraries. Calls to these API are billed according to the standard rates.

March 24, 2022

Support for Serverless VPC Access connectors in Shared VPC host projects is now at general availability (GA). Learn about the advantages of this method and how to configure connectors in host projects.

January 28, 2022

Builds are now handled by regional Cloud Build pools within the selected App Engine region. To view build logs, go to Cloud Build in the Cloud Console, select the History page, and select the region you would like to filter by.

December 08, 2021

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.72.
  • Added ARM version support for app-engine-go component.

November 29, 2021

The Go 1.16 runtime for App Engine standard environment is now generally available.

November 03, 2021

Egress settings for Serverless VPC Access are now generally available. Egress settings allow you to specify whether or not to send traffic with external destinations through your Serverless VPC Access connector, which is necessary if you want to set up a static outbound IP address for your App Engine service.

September 27, 2021

Many legacy App Engine APIs are now available to select second-generation runtimes. These APIs are available for Go 1.12+ in preview, through language-idiomatic libraries. Calls to these APIs are billed according to the standard rates.

August 13, 2021

The Go 1.16 runtime for App Engine standard environment is now available in Public Preview.

July 21, 2021

Egress settings are now available for Serverless VPC Access. Egress settings allow you to specify whether or not to send traffic with external destinations through your Serverless VPC Access connector, which is necessary if you want to set up a static outbound IP address for your App Engine service.

June 30, 2021

Specifying a user-managed service account for each App Engine version during deployment is now available in preview. This feature lets you grant different privileges to each version, based on the specific tasks it performs, and avoid granting more privileges than necessary.

Requests from newly created or updated App Engine Cron jobs sent to the App Engine standard environment now come from 0.1.0.2. For Cron jobs created with older gcloud versions (earlier than 326.0.0), Cron requests will come from 0.1.0.1. Previously, these requests only came from 0.1.0.1. See Understanding the App Engine firewall for more information.

June 14, 2021

App Engine is now available in the us-west1 (Oregon), asia-southeast1 (Singapore), and asia-east1 (Taiwan) regions.

April 27, 2021

Automatic scaling elements min_instances and min_idle_instances will now only apply to versions of a service that have been configured to receive traffic. This change is to reduce unexpected billing due to instances running old versions that are not intended to receive traffic.

April 20, 2021

Build environment variables support is now available in preview.

April 14, 2021

Serverless VPC Access support for Shared VPC is now generally available.

April 13, 2021

App Engine is now available in the europe-central2 region (Warsaw).

March 26, 2021

App Engine standard environment provides a new metric, CPU Utilization, which indicates the CPU utilization average over all active instances. For more information, see Google Cloud metrics.

March 11, 2021

The Go 1.15 runtime for the App Engine standard environment is now generally available.

November 12, 2020

You can use network ingress controls so your app only receives requests that are sent from your project's VPC or that are routed through the Cloud Load Balancing load balancer. This feature is now generally available.

September 25, 2020

If you use Cloud Load Balancing, you can use network ingress controls so your app only receives requests that are routed through the load balancer.

August 25, 2020

The Go 1.14 runtime for the App Engine standard environment is now generally available.

July 23, 2020

July 08, 2020

External HTTP(S) Load Balancing is now supported for App Engine via Serverless network endpoint groups. Notably, this feature allows you to use Cloud CDN with App Engine.
This feature is available in Beta.

June 26, 2020

The Go 1.14 runtime Beta for the App Engine standard environment is now available.

June 11, 2020

The Go 1.13 runtime for the App Engine standard environment is now generally available.

June 08, 2020

App Engine is now available in the asia-southeast2 region (Jakarta).

May 14, 2020

To get a fine-grained view of billing data for each resource used by your App Engine services, you can apply labels to the services, export your billing data to BigQuery, and run queries. For more information, see Labeling App Engine resources.

April 20, 2020

App Engine is now available in the us-west4 region (Las Vegas, NV).

March 13, 2020

App Engine is now available in the asia-northeast3 region (Seoul).

March 06, 2020

App Engine is now available in the us-west3 region (Salt Lake City, Utah).

February 11, 2020

App Engine is changing the URLs that you use to send requests to your apps. URLs now include a region ID to help Google route your requests more efficiently and reliably. For example, an app can receive requests at https://<var>PROJECT_ID</var>.<var>REGION_ID</var>.r.appspot.com. This new URL is optional for existing apps and is provided for all new apps.

To ensure a smooth transition, we are slowly updating App Engine to use region IDs. If we haven't updated your Google Cloud project yet, you won't see a region ID for your app. Since the ID is optional for existing apps, you don't need to update URLs or make other changes once the region ID is available for your existing apps.

February 06, 2020

  • You can no longer apply new spending limits to projects. Existing spending limits will continue to work. For more information on how you can limit app costs, see Limiting Costs.

December 11, 2019

October 16, 2019

September 27, 2019

  • Updated Go SDK version to 1.9.71:

    • Support for Go versions 1.9 and older has been removed.
    • The goapp tool has been removed.
    • The Go 1.9 GOROOT directory has been removed.

July 30, 2019

  • The AppCfg tooling and the legacy standalone App Engine SDK, delivered through the GoogleAppEngineLauncher.dmg, GoogleAppEngine.msi, and google_appengine.zip files, are now deprecated. Google will shut down and remove support on July 30, 2020.

June 27, 2019

  • Support for Go 1.9 on App Engine is now deprecated.

May 23, 2019

  • Fixed a bug with main in app.yaml files for Go 1.11 and Go 1.12 runtimes that rejected valid main package paths.

May 16, 2019

  • The Go 1.12 runtime on the App Engine standard environment is now generally available.

April 18, 2019

  • App Engine is now available in the asia-northeast2 region (Osaka, Japan).

April 15, 2019

  • App Engine is now available in the europe-west6 region (Zürich, Switzerland).

March 25, 2019

  • The Go 1.12 runtime for the App Engine standard environment is now in beta.

March 20, 2019

November 06, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.70.
  • Go 1.6 and Go 1.8 deployments from gcloud are now blocked.

October 22, 2018

  • App Engine is now available in the asia-east2 region (Hong Kong).

October 10, 2018

  • The Go 1.11 runtime for the App Engine standard environment is now in beta.

September 12, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.68.
  • Minor bug fixes.

August 01, 2018

  • Support for Go 1.6 and Go 1.8 on App Engine is now deprecated.
  • New Go 1.6 and Go 1.8 app deployments will not be possible from November 1, 2018.

July 13, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.67.
  • Fixed a bug which impacted the local development server.

July 10, 2018

  • App Engine is now available in the us-west2 region (Los Angeles).

July 03, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.66.
  • The local development server now prints the process ID of the running process on startup. You can use the process ID when debugging your app.

July 02, 2018

Fixed a bug in auto scaling configuration where App Engine was aggressively shutting down instances when the max_instances setting was used.

June 26, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.65.

  • Version 1.9 of the Go runtime is now generally available and is set as the default runtime for Go in the App Engine standard environment.

    Re-deploying all new and existing applications using api_version: go1, will now run on Go 1.9. To continue using other API versions, such as Go 1.6, you must specify api_version: go1.6 in your app.yaml file.

May 15, 2018

  • Completed a gradual rollout of an upgrade to the automatic scaling system:
    • Improved efficiency resulting generally in lower instance cost (up to 6% reduction for many users) and up to 30% reduction for loading requests, which are the first request to a new instance.
    • New max instances setting allows you to cap the total number of instances to be scheduled.
    • New min instances setting allows you to specify a minimum number of instance to keep running for your app.
    • New target CPU utilization setting lets you optimize between latency and cost.
    • New target throughput utilization setting lets you optimize for the number of concurrent requests at which new instances are started.
    • No more resident instances in auto scaling. Previously, if you used the min_idle_instances setting, the minimum idle instances were labelled as Resident in the Cloud Console, with the remainder of the instances labelled as Dynamic. The new scheduler simply labels all instances as Dynamic with auto scaling. However, the underlying behavior remains similar to previous behavior. If you use min_idle_instances and enable warmup requests, you will see at least that many dynamic instances running even during periods with no traffic.
    • For more details, see the auto scaling documentation.

March 28, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.64.
  • App Engine flexible environment applications that declare runtime: go in their app.yaml configuration file now deploy with the Go 1.10 runtime.

March 19, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.63.

  • Added beta support for version 1.9 of the Go runtime.

    You can try out Go 1.9 by specifying api_version: go1.9 in your app.yaml configuration file.

    To use the 1.9 beta version, you must first update your Go SDK to 1.9.63 or later. For details about downloading and installing the SDK, see the Downloads page.

    During the beta period, api_version: go1 continues to be an alias for go1.8. Note that go1.9 is not guaranteed to work correctly while it is in beta. We are relying on user feedback to ensure that go1.9 meets users' needs before promoting it to a GA release. Post feedback to the google-appengine-go Google Group.

January 08, 2018

  • Updated Go SDK to 1.9.62
  • Includes internal updates for how applications are deployed.

December 14, 2017

November 15, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to 1.9.61
  • Add -debug flag to goapp serve to enable Delve debugging.
  • Fix gcloud app deploy failing at finding dependencies that are not required.

October 31, 2017

  • App Engine is now available in the asia-south1 region (Mumbai, India).

October 25, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.60.

  • Version 1.8 of the Go runtime is now generally available and is set as the default runtime for Go in the App Engine standard environment.

    Now, when you deploy any new or existing apps that use api_version: go1, those apps run on Go 1.8. To continue using Go 1.6, you must specify api_version: go1.6 in your app.yaml file.

    Before you can use the Go 1.8 runtime locally with dev_appserver.py or goapp, you must first update to the latest version of the SDK for App Engine.

    Changes that might affect your app:

    • As of Go 1.7, the context package has moved into the stdlib. You must ensure that your code and dependencies work correctly with this change. You can use the fix command to change your app's imports from "golang.org/x/net/context" to "context", for example: go tool fix -r context.
    • In Go 1.8, the internal representation of time.Time objects has changed and might break your app if you use either reflect.DeepEqual or == to compare time.Time values. Use time.Equal to compare timestamps.

October 11, 2017

October 03, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to 1.9.59
  • Fixed bug in dev_appserver.py which used incorrect build constraints for the Go 1.8 beta.

September 13, 2017

  • You can now use managed certificates to add SSL to your custom domain. Once you map your custom domain to your application, App Engine provisions an SSL certificate automatically and handles renewing the certificate before it expires and revoking it if you remove the custom domain. Managed certificates are in beta. For more information, see Securing Custom Domains with SSL.

September 11, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.58
  • Fixed a bug in goapp.bat which resulted in processes not being properly terminated.
  • Fixed a bug introduced in 1.9.56 which caused signals and stdin to not be propagated correctly.

September 05, 2017

  • App Engine is now available in the southamerica-east1 region (São Paulo, Brazil).

August 23, 2017

August 09, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.57.
  • The aetest package now reuses HTTP connections, fixing a bug that exhausted file descriptors when running tests.
  • Go 1.8 uses the new standard library context package when calling appengine.NewContext().

August 01, 2017

  • App Engine is now available in the europe-west3 region (Frankfurt, Germany).

July 18, 2017

  • App Engine is now available in the australia-southeast1 region (Sydney, Australia).

July 01, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.56
  • Fixed an issue with auto-reloading apps.

June 27, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.55
  • Enable the Go 1.8 beta

This release adds beta support for go1.8. To use Go 1.8, set api_version: go1.8 in your app.yaml configuration file. You must also use App Engine SDK, not Cloud SDK. To download the App Engine SDK, go to the Downloads page and at the bottom of the page, expand the Or, you can download the original App Engine SDK for Go section.

Go 1.8 will be available with the next Cloud SDK release.

During the beta period, api_version: go1 will continue to be an alias for go1.6. Note that go1.8 is not guaranteed to work correctly while it is in beta. We are relying on user feedback to ensure that go1.8 meets our users' needs before promoting it to a GA release. Send feedback to the google-appengine-go google group.

  • As of go1.7 the context package has moved into the stdlib. Ensure that your code and dependencies work correctly with this change.
  • Note that go1.8 changes the way that local timezones and UTC are represented. If you use reflect.DeepEqual or == to compare time.Time values, this might be a breaking change. Instead, use time.Equal when comparing timestamps.

June 06, 2017

  • App Engine is now available in the europe-west2 region (London).

May 22, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.54.
  • api_version: go1 and api_version: go1.6 both use the new goroot-1.6 directory.
  • Upgraded to Go 1.6.4

May 09, 2017

  • App Engine is now available in the us-east4 region (North Virginia).

May 04, 2017

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.53.
  • In preparation for the Go 1.8 beta, Go api_versions are mapped to specific GOROOT directories.

December 01, 2016

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.48.

November 03, 2016

  • Updated Go SDK to version 1.9.46.

October 27, 2016

  • The Channel and XMPP services are now deprecated. These services will be turned down on October 31, 2017.

August 01, 2016

Admin API notes

  • Version 1 of the Admin API is now generally available.

Version 1.9.42

Go 1.12+ runtime notes

  • This release does not include a new Go 1.12+ SDK. Go 1.12+ users should continue to use the 1.9.40 SDK.

July 18, 2016

Version 1.9.40

  • Version 1.9.39 was skipped.
  • LeaseTasksByTag requests will be limited to 25 requests per second.
  • Server Errors and Client Errors now more accurately reflect per-URL status errors in the App Engine dashboard.
  • New App Engine guided walkthrough in the Cloud Console. Pick your preferred language and launch an interactive tutorial directly in the console.
  • Increases the maximum cron tasks limit to 250.

July 01, 2016

Cloud Datastore

May 25, 2016

Version 1.9.38

  • The error returned by URL Fetch for a request to a port outside of the permitted ranges (80-90, 440-450, 1024-65535) will now always return INVALID_URL as documented.

Cloud Datastore

  • When committing a cross-group transaction, version numbers returned for new or updated entities are all the same. With the previous behavior, entities within the same group committed as part of a cross-group transaction, had the same version number, but entities in different groups might have had different version numbers. This change ensures all new and updated entities have an identical version number, regardless of their entity group, when committed as part of a cross-group transaction. As before, entities that are not updated will not have a new version number.

Cloud Datastore

  • App Engine Go runtime updated to Go 1.6.2.

Version 1.9.37 SDK uses the release tags go1.1–go1.6 when compiling with the development SDK to bring it inline with those used in typical Go 1.6 builds. Starting with the 1.9.37 SDK, all the necessary Go files in your gopath will be uploaded to the server regardless of the release tags they require. This will ensure that the server always has all the files it needs to compile your app regardless of the release tags being used. This addresses problems that may arise from mismatched release tags in the 1.9.35 SDK.

May 04, 2016

Version 1.9.37

Includes general bug fixes and improvements.

May 02, 2016

App Engine flexible environment

  • The Ruby runtime is now available for the App Engine flexible environment.

April 18, 2016

Version 1.9.36

In response to your requests, the App Engine Users API joins the rest of App Engine in supporting IAM roles and group expansion. This means that any user who is a project Owner, Editor or Viewer or an App Engine Admin is considered an "admin" by the Users API, regardless of whether the user was granted the role directly or by membership in a group. * This release populates error details, when available, in error messages associated with the "OverQuota" exception type.

  • Google no longer accepts quota increase requests for the mail service. Customers should use Sendgrid instead.

March 24, 2016

Version 1.9.35

  • Fixes trace timestamps to match log timestamps.
  • This release is based on Go 1.6.

March 04, 2016

Version 1.9.34

  • Increases default quota for URL fetch for billed apps. Refer to the Quotas page for details.

February 17, 2016

Version 1.9.33

  • The URL path "/form" is now allowed and will be forwarded to applications. Previously, this path was blocked.

February 03, 2016

Version 1.9.32

  • Container construction choices for Managed VMs

    The gcloud preview app deploy (and mvn gcloud:deploy) commands upload your artifacts to our servers and build a container to deploy your app to the Managed VM environment.

    There are two mechanisms for building the container image remotely. The default behavior is to build the container on a transient Compute Engine Virtual Machine which has Docker installed. Alternatively, you can use the Cloud Build service. To use the Cloud Build service, follow these steps:

    1. Activate the Cloud Build API for your project.
    2. Use the command gcloud config set app/use_cloud_build True. This will cause all invocations of gcloud preview app deploy to use the service. (To return to the default behavior, use the command gcloud config set app/use_cloud_build False.
  • Enabled response compression in Go runtime. This might reduce bandwidth usage for some users.

January 14, 2016

Version 1.9.31

App Engine now supports Google Groups: Adding a Google Group as a member of a project grants the members of the group access to App Engine. For example, if a Google Group is an Editor on a project, all members of the group now have Editor access to the App Engine application.

November 30, 2015

Version 1.9.30

Headers for push queue requests made for Task Queue tasks with no payload will now contain a Content-Length entry set to '0'. Previously headers for such requests contained no Content-Length entry.

Version 1.9.29

  • Stop calculating and storing queue depth for non-existent queues, queues marked for deletion, and in the case of queue table outages.
  • For developers using the endpoints API, added a discoverable boolean parameter to the @Api annotation to allow users to disable API discovery. Using this feature will prevent some client libraries (e.g. JavaScript) and the API Explorer from working, as they depend on discovery.

October 29, 2015

Version 1.9.28

The Prospective Search API, which was deprecated on July 14, is now restricted to existing users. It will fully shutdown on December 1.

Improved accuracy of Geo filtering in Search queries.

September 25, 2015

Version 1.9.27

Applications that are newly enabled for billing now default to an unlimited daily budget, and no longer default to a maximum daily budget of $0. This prevents unwanted outages due to running out of budget. To set a ceiling on your application's daily cost, after you enable billing, set a budget in the app engine settings. For more information, see Setting a daily budget.

Datastore

  • Bugfix: Repeated numeric facets are now allowed.

Datastore

  • Faceted Search is now GA.

August 27, 2015

Version 1.9.26

  • oauth2client library upgraded to version 1.4.2
  • Adds "show in context" menu for MVM application logs that have thread_id or request_id as a field in their log entry. This allows sorting app logs based on either field.
  • Capability to provision applications for current load and configure elastic provisioning based on both VM and application level metrics.
  • Remote API can now be accessed using OAuth2 credentials using https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/application-default-credentials
  • Use RequestPayloadTooLargeException for URLFetch requests with payloads that are too large.

August 14, 2015

Version 1.9.25

  • Added PyAMF version 0.7.2 (Beta).
  • Admin Console menus start redirecting to Cloud Console. Select services such as the Admin Logs will continue to be available in the Admin Console.
  • Datastore now allows properties to represent the empty list.
  • Failed tasks in queues configured with a retry_limit of zero will no longer be retried.
  • appengine/search:
    • Support offsets and cursors in search requests and responses.
  • appengine/user:new
    • Add User.ClientID field.