Menulis data jenis data menggunakan mutasi

Sisipkan data ke dalam tabel dengan contoh tipe data menggunakan mutasi.

Contoh kode

C++

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

void InsertDatatypesData(google::cloud::spanner::Client client) {
  namespace spanner = ::google::cloud::spanner;
  std::vector<absl::CivilDay> available_dates1 = {absl::CivilDay(2020, 12, 1),
                                                  absl::CivilDay(2020, 12, 2),
                                                  absl::CivilDay(2020, 12, 3)};
  std::vector<absl::CivilDay> available_dates2 = {absl::CivilDay(2020, 11, 1),
                                                  absl::CivilDay(2020, 11, 5),
                                                  absl::CivilDay(2020, 11, 15)};
  std::vector<absl::CivilDay> available_dates3 = {absl::CivilDay(2020, 10, 1),
                                                  absl::CivilDay(2020, 10, 7)};
  auto insert_venues =
      spanner::InsertMutationBuilder(
          "Venues", {"VenueId", "VenueName", "VenueInfo", "Capacity",
                     "AvailableDates", "LastContactDate", "OutdoorVenue",
                     "PopularityScore", "LastUpdateTime"})
          .EmplaceRow(4, "Venue 4", spanner::Bytes("Hello World 1"), 1800,
                      available_dates1, absl::CivilDay(2018, 9, 2), false,
                      0.85543, spanner::CommitTimestamp())
          .EmplaceRow(19, "Venue 19", spanner::Bytes("Hello World 2"), 6300,
                      available_dates2, absl::CivilDay(2019, 1, 15), true,
                      0.98716, spanner::CommitTimestamp())
          .EmplaceRow(42, "Venue 42", spanner::Bytes("Hello World 3"), 3000,
                      available_dates3, absl::CivilDay(2018, 10, 1), false,
                      0.72598, spanner::CommitTimestamp())
          .Build();

  auto commit_result = client.Commit(spanner::Mutations{insert_venues});
  if (!commit_result) throw std::move(commit_result).status();
  std::cout << "Insert was successful [spanner_insert_datatypes_data]\n";
}

C#

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Data;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class InsertDataTypesDataAsyncSample
{
    public class Venue
    {
        public int VenueId { get; set; }
        public string VenueName { get; set; }
        public byte[] VenueInfo { get; set; }
        public int Capacity { get; set; }
        public List<DateTime> AvailableDates { get; set; }
        public DateTime LastContactDate { get; set; }
        public bool OutdoorVenue { get; set; }
        public float PopularityScore { get; set; }
    }

    public async Task InsertDataTypesDataAsync(string projectId, string instanceId, string databaseId)
    {
        string connectionString = $"Data Source=projects/{projectId}/instances/{instanceId}/databases/{databaseId}";

        byte[] exampleBytes1 = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello World 1");
        byte[] exampleBytes2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello World 2");
        byte[] exampleBytes3 = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello World 3");

        var availableDates1 = new List<DateTime>
        {
            DateTime.Parse("2020-12-01"),
            DateTime.Parse("2020-12-02"),
            DateTime.Parse("2020-12-03")
        };

        var availableDates2 = new List<DateTime>
        {
            DateTime.Parse("2020-11-01"),
            DateTime.Parse("2020-11-05"),
            DateTime.Parse("2020-11-15")
        };

        var availableDates3 = new List<DateTime>
        {
            DateTime.Parse("2020-10-01"),
            DateTime.Parse("2020-10-07")
        };
        List<Venue> venues = new List<Venue> {
            new Venue {
                VenueId = 4,
                VenueName = "Venue 4",
                VenueInfo = exampleBytes1,
                Capacity = 1800,
                AvailableDates = availableDates1,
                LastContactDate = DateTime.Parse("2018-09-02"),
                OutdoorVenue = false,
                PopularityScore = 0.85543f
            },
            new Venue {
                VenueId = 19,
                VenueName = "Venue 19",
                VenueInfo = exampleBytes2,
                Capacity = 6300,
                AvailableDates = availableDates2,
                LastContactDate = DateTime.Parse("2019-01-15"),
                OutdoorVenue = true,
                PopularityScore = 0.98716f
            },
            new Venue {
                VenueId = 42,
                VenueName = "Venue 42",
                VenueInfo = exampleBytes3,
                Capacity = 3000,
                AvailableDates = availableDates3,
                LastContactDate = DateTime.Parse("2018-10-01"),
                OutdoorVenue = false,
                PopularityScore = 0.72598f
            }};

        using var connection = new SpannerConnection(connectionString);
        await connection.OpenAsync();

        await Task.WhenAll(venues.Select(venue =>
        {
            var cmd = connection.CreateInsertCommand("Venues",
            new SpannerParameterCollection {
                { "VenueId", SpannerDbType.Int64, venue.VenueId },
                { "VenueName", SpannerDbType.String, venue.VenueName },
                { "VenueInfo", SpannerDbType.Bytes, venue.VenueInfo },
                { "Capacity", SpannerDbType.Int64, venue.Capacity },
                { "AvailableDates", SpannerDbType.ArrayOf(SpannerDbType.Date), venue.AvailableDates },
                { "LastContactDate", SpannerDbType.Date, venue.LastContactDate },
                { "OutdoorVenue", SpannerDbType.Bool,  venue.OutdoorVenue },
                { "PopularityScore", SpannerDbType.Float64, venue.PopularityScore },
                { "LastUpdateTime", SpannerDbType.Timestamp, SpannerParameter.CommitTimestamp },
            });
            return cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();
        }));
    }
}

Go

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

import (
	"context"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/spanner"
)

func writeDatatypesData(w io.Writer, db string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := spanner.NewClient(ctx, db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	venueColumns := []string{"VenueId", "VenueName", "VenueInfo", "Capacity", "AvailableDates",
		"LastContactDate", "OutdoorVenue", "PopularityScore", "LastUpdateTime"}
	m := []*spanner.Mutation{
		spanner.InsertOrUpdate("Venues", venueColumns,
			[]interface{}{4, "Venue 4", []byte("Hello World 1"), 1800,
				[]string{"2020-12-01", "2020-12-02", "2020-12-03"},
				"2018-09-02", false, 0.85543, spanner.CommitTimestamp}),
		spanner.InsertOrUpdate("Venues", venueColumns,
			[]interface{}{19, "Venue 19", []byte("Hello World 2"), 6300,
				[]string{"2020-11-01", "2020-11-05", "2020-11-15"},
				"2019-01-15", true, 0.98716, spanner.CommitTimestamp}),
		spanner.InsertOrUpdate("Venues", venueColumns,
			[]interface{}{42, "Venue 42", []byte("Hello World 3"), 3000,
				[]string{"2020-10-01", "2020-10-07"}, "2018-10-01",
				false, 0.72598, spanner.CommitTimestamp}),
	}
	_, err = client.Apply(ctx, m)
	return err
}

Java

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

static Value availableDates1 =
    Value.dateArray(
        Arrays.asList(
            Date.parseDate("2020-12-01"),
            Date.parseDate("2020-12-02"),
            Date.parseDate("2020-12-03")));
static Value availableDates2 =
    Value.dateArray(
        Arrays.asList(
            Date.parseDate("2020-11-01"),
            Date.parseDate("2020-11-05"),
            Date.parseDate("2020-11-15")));
static Value availableDates3 =
    Value.dateArray(Arrays.asList(Date.parseDate("2020-10-01"), Date.parseDate("2020-10-07")));
static String exampleBytes1 = BaseEncoding.base64().encode("Hello World 1".getBytes());
static String exampleBytes2 = BaseEncoding.base64().encode("Hello World 2".getBytes());
static String exampleBytes3 = BaseEncoding.base64().encode("Hello World 3".getBytes());
static final List<Venue> VENUES =
    Arrays.asList(
        new Venue(
            4,
            "Venue 4",
            exampleBytes1,
            1800,
            availableDates1,
            "2018-09-02",
            false,
            0.85543f,
            new BigDecimal("215100.10"),
            Value.json(
                "[{\"name\":\"room 1\",\"open\":true},{\"name\":\"room 2\",\"open\":false}]")),
        new Venue(
            19,
            "Venue 19",
            exampleBytes2,
            6300,
            availableDates2,
            "2019-01-15",
            true,
            0.98716f,
            new BigDecimal("1200100.00"),
            Value.json("{\"rating\":9,\"open\":true}")),
        new Venue(
            42,
            "Venue 42",
            exampleBytes3,
            3000,
            availableDates3,
            "2018-10-01",
            false,
            0.72598f,
            new BigDecimal("390650.99"),
            Value.json(
                "{\"name\":null,"
                    + "\"open\":{\"Monday\":true,\"Tuesday\":false},"
                    + "\"tags\":[\"large\",\"airy\"]}")));
static void writeDatatypesData(DatabaseClient dbClient) {
  List<Mutation> mutations = new ArrayList<>();
  for (Venue venue : VENUES) {
    mutations.add(
        Mutation.newInsertBuilder("Venues")
            .set("VenueId")
            .to(venue.venueId)
            .set("VenueName")
            .to(venue.venueName)
            .set("VenueInfo")
            .to(venue.venueInfo)
            .set("Capacity")
            .to(venue.capacity)
            .set("AvailableDates")
            .to(venue.availableDates)
            .set("LastContactDate")
            .to(venue.lastContactDate)
            .set("OutdoorVenue")
            .to(venue.outdoorVenue)
            .set("PopularityScore")
            .to(venue.popularityScore)
            .set("Revenue")
            .to(venue.revenue)
            .set("VenueDetails")
            .to(venue.venueDetails)
            .set("LastUpdateTime")
            .to(Value.COMMIT_TIMESTAMP)
            .build());
  }
  dbClient.write(mutations);
}

Node.js

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

// Imports the Google Cloud client library.
const {Spanner} = require('@google-cloud/spanner');

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'my-project-id';
// const instanceId = 'my-instance';
// const databaseId = 'my-database';

// Creates a client.
const spanner = new Spanner({
  projectId: projectId,
});

// Gets a reference to a Cloud Spanner instance and database.
const instance = spanner.instance(instanceId);
const database = instance.database(databaseId);

// Instantiate Spanner table objects.
const venuesTable = database.table('Venues');
const exampleBytes1 = new Buffer.from('Hello World 1');
const exampleBytes2 = new Buffer.from('Hello World 2');
const exampleBytes3 = new Buffer.from('Hello World 3');
const availableDates1 = ['2020-12-01', '2020-12-02', '2020-12-03'];
const availableDates2 = ['2020-11-01', '2020-11-05', '2020-11-15'];
const availableDates3 = ['2020-10-01', '2020-10-07'];

// Note: Cloud Spanner interprets Node.js numbers as FLOAT64s, so they
// must be converted to strings before being inserted as INT64s.
const data = [
  {
    VenueId: '4',
    VenueName: 'Venue 4',
    VenueInfo: exampleBytes1,
    Capacity: '1800',
    AvailableDates: availableDates1,
    LastContactDate: '2018-09-02',
    OutdoorVenue: false,
    PopularityScore: Spanner.float(0.85543),
    LastUpdateTime: 'spanner.commit_timestamp()',
  },
  {
    VenueId: '19',
    VenueName: 'Venue 19',
    VenueInfo: exampleBytes2,
    Capacity: '6300',
    AvailableDates: availableDates2,
    LastContactDate: '2019-01-15',
    OutdoorVenue: true,
    PopularityScore: Spanner.float(0.98716),
    LastUpdateTime: 'spanner.commit_timestamp()',
  },
  {
    VenueId: '42',
    VenueName: 'Venue 42',
    VenueInfo: exampleBytes3,
    Capacity: '3000',
    AvailableDates: availableDates3,
    LastContactDate: '2018-10-01',
    OutdoorVenue: false,
    PopularityScore: Spanner.float(0.72598),
    LastUpdateTime: 'spanner.commit_timestamp()',
  },
];

// Inserts rows into the Venues table.
try {
  await venuesTable.insert(data);
  console.log('Inserted data.');
} catch (err) {
  console.error('ERROR:', err);
} finally {
  // Close the database when finished.
  database.close();
}

PHP

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

use Google\Cloud\Spanner\SpannerClient;

/**
 * Inserts sample data into a table with supported datatypes.
 *
 * The database and table must already exist and can be created using
 * `create_table_with_datatypes`.
 * Example:
 * ```
 * insert_data_with_datatypes($instanceId, $databaseId);
 * ```
 *
 * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
 * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
 */
function insert_data_with_datatypes(string $instanceId, string $databaseId): void
{
    $spanner = new SpannerClient();
    $instance = $spanner->instance($instanceId);
    $database = $instance->database($databaseId);

    $operation = $database->transaction(['singleUse' => true])
        ->insertBatch('Venues', [
            [
                'VenueId' => 4,
                'VenueName' => 'Venue 4',
                'VenueInfo' => base64_encode('Hello World 1'),
                'Capacity' => 1800,
                'AvailableDates' => ['2020-12-01', '2020-12-02', '2020-12-03'],
                'LastContactDate' => '2018-09-02',
                'OutdoorVenue' => false,
                'PopularityScore' => 0.85543,
                'LastUpdateTime' => $spanner->commitTimestamp()
            ], [
                'VenueId' => 19,
                'VenueName' => 'Venue 19',
                'VenueInfo' => base64_encode('Hello World 2'),
                'Capacity' => 6300,
                'AvailableDates' => ['2020-11-01', '2020-11-05', '2020-11-15'],
                'LastContactDate' => '2019-01-15',
                'OutdoorVenue' => true,
                'PopularityScore' => 0.98716,
                'LastUpdateTime' => $spanner->commitTimestamp()
            ], [
                'VenueId' => 42,
                'VenueName' => 'Venue 42',
                'VenueInfo' => base64_encode('Hello World 3'),
                'Capacity' => 3000,
                'AvailableDates' => ['2020-10-01', '2020-10-07'],
                'LastContactDate' => '2018-10-01',
                'OutdoorVenue' => false,
                'PopularityScore' => 0.72598,
                'LastUpdateTime' => $spanner->commitTimestamp()
            ],
        ])
        ->commit();

    print('Inserted data.' . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

# instance_id = "your-spanner-instance"
# database_id = "your-spanner-db-id"
spanner_client = spanner.Client()
instance = spanner_client.instance(instance_id)
database = instance.database(database_id)

exampleBytes1 = base64.b64encode("Hello World 1".encode())
exampleBytes2 = base64.b64encode("Hello World 2".encode())
exampleBytes3 = base64.b64encode("Hello World 3".encode())
available_dates1 = ["2020-12-01", "2020-12-02", "2020-12-03"]
available_dates2 = ["2020-11-01", "2020-11-05", "2020-11-15"]
available_dates3 = ["2020-10-01", "2020-10-07"]
with database.batch() as batch:
    batch.insert(
        table="Venues",
        columns=(
            "VenueId",
            "VenueName",
            "VenueInfo",
            "Capacity",
            "AvailableDates",
            "LastContactDate",
            "OutdoorVenue",
            "PopularityScore",
            "LastUpdateTime",
        ),
        values=[
            (
                4,
                "Venue 4",
                exampleBytes1,
                1800,
                available_dates1,
                "2018-09-02",
                False,
                0.85543,
                spanner.COMMIT_TIMESTAMP,
            ),
            (
                19,
                "Venue 19",
                exampleBytes2,
                6300,
                available_dates2,
                "2019-01-15",
                True,
                0.98716,
                spanner.COMMIT_TIMESTAMP,
            ),
            (
                42,
                "Venue 42",
                exampleBytes3,
                3000,
                available_dates3,
                "2018-10-01",
                False,
                0.72598,
                spanner.COMMIT_TIMESTAMP,
            ),
        ],
    )

print("Inserted data.")

Ruby

Untuk mempelajari cara menginstal dan menggunakan library klien untuk Spanner, lihat library klien Spanner.

Untuk mengautentikasi ke Spanner, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

# project_id  = "Your Google Cloud project ID"
# instance_id = "Your Spanner instance ID"
# database_id = "Your Spanner database ID"

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new project: project_id
client  = spanner.client instance_id, database_id

# Get commit_timestamp
commit_timestamp = client.commit_timestamp

client.commit do |c|
  c.insert "Venues", [
    { VenueId: 4, VenueName: "Venue 4", VenueInfo: StringIO.new("Hello World 1"),
      Capacity: 1_800, AvailableDates: ["2020-12-01", "2020-12-02", "2020-12-03"],
      LastContactDate: "2018-09-02", OutdoorVenue: false, PopularityScore: 0.85543,
      LastUpdateTime: commit_timestamp },
    { VenueId: 19, VenueName: "Venue 19", VenueInfo: StringIO.new("Hello World 2"),
      Capacity: 6_300, AvailableDates: ["2020-11-01", "2020-11-05", "2020-11-15"],
      LastContactDate: "2019-01-15", OutdoorVenue: true, PopularityScore: 0.98716,
      LastUpdateTime: commit_timestamp },
    { VenueId: 42, VenueName: "Venue 42", VenueInfo: StringIO.new("Hello World 3"),
      Capacity: 3_000, AvailableDates: ["2020-10-01", "2020-10-07"],
      LastContactDate: "2018-10-01", OutdoorVenue: false, PopularityScore: 0.72598,
      LastUpdateTime: commit_timestamp }
  ]
end

puts "Inserted data"

Langkah selanjutnya

Untuk menelusuri dan memfilter contoh kode untuk produk Google Cloud lainnya, lihat browser contoh Google Cloud.