外部應用程式負載平衡器的 Terraform 範例

本頁面提供 Terraform 模組，可用於部署外部應用程式負載平衡器。請根據偏好的後端類型，使用下列其中一個範例部署外部應用程式負載平衡器範例。

如果您是初次使用 Terraform 搭配 Google Cloud，請參閱「開始使用 Terraform」。

如要使用預建的 Terraform 範本，簡化 Google Cloud網路基礎架構的設定和管理作業，請瀏覽 Simplified Cloud Networking Configuration Solutions GitHub 存放區。

後端為代管執行個體群組 (MIG) 的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，透過 Compute Engine 後端啟動外部 HTTP 負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括虛擬私有雲網路和子網路、雲端路由器、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如需更多資訊，請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/multi-mig-http-lb 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 上的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"
  name    = var.network_prefix
  project = var.project
  target_tags = [
    "${var.network_prefix}-group1",
    module.cloud-nat-group1.router_name,
    "${var.network_prefix}-group2",
    module.cloud-nat-group2.router_name
  ]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.name]

  backends = {
    default = {

      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

具有 MIG 後端和自訂標頭的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 資源，啟動外部應用程式負載平衡器，並搭配已啟用 Cloud CDN 的後端服務，以及自訂要求和回應標頭。

如要詳細瞭解如何設定負載平衡器，請參閱主要設定指南。

# VPC
resource "google_compute_network" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-network"
  provider                = google-beta
  auto_create_subnetworks = false
}

# backend subnet
resource "google_compute_subnetwork" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-subnet"
  provider      = google-beta
  ip_cidr_range = "10.0.1.0/24"
  region        = "us-central1"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
}

# reserved IP address
resource "google_compute_global_address" "default" {
  provider = google-beta
  name     = "l7-xlb-static-ip"
}

# forwarding rule
resource "google_compute_global_forwarding_rule" "default" {
  name                  = "l7-xlb-forwarding-rule"
  provider              = google-beta
  ip_protocol           = "TCP"
  load_balancing_scheme = "EXTERNAL"
  port_range            = "80"
  target                = google_compute_target_http_proxy.default.id
  ip_address            = google_compute_global_address.default.id
}

# http proxy
resource "google_compute_target_http_proxy" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-target-http-proxy"
  provider = google-beta
  url_map  = google_compute_url_map.default.id
}

# url map
resource "google_compute_url_map" "default" {
  name            = "l7-xlb-url-map"
  provider        = google-beta
  default_service = google_compute_backend_service.default.id
}

# backend service with custom request and response headers
resource "google_compute_backend_service" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-backend-service"
  provider                = google-beta
  protocol                = "HTTP"
  port_name               = "my-port"
  load_balancing_scheme   = "EXTERNAL"
  timeout_sec             = 10
  enable_cdn              = true
  custom_request_headers  = ["X-Client-Geo-Location: {client_region_subdivision}, {client_city}"]
  custom_response_headers = ["X-Cache-Hit: {cdn_cache_status}"]
  health_checks           = [google_compute_health_check.default.id]
  backend {
    group           = google_compute_instance_group_manager.default.instance_group
    balancing_mode  = "UTILIZATION"
    capacity_scaler = 1.0
  }
}

# instance template
resource "google_compute_instance_template" "default" {
  name         = "l7-xlb-mig-template"
  provider     = google-beta
  machine_type = "e2-small"
  tags         = ["allow-health-check"]

  network_interface {
    network    = google_compute_network.default.id
    subnetwork = google_compute_subnetwork.default.id
    access_config {
      # add external ip to fetch packages
    }
  }
  disk {
    source_image = "debian-cloud/debian-12"
    auto_delete  = true
    boot         = true
  }

  # install nginx and serve a simple web page
  metadata = {
    startup-script = <<-EOF1
      #! /bin/bash
      set -euo pipefail

      export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
      apt-get update
      apt-get install -y nginx-light jq

      NAME=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/hostname")
      IP=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/network-interfaces/0/ip")
      METADATA=$(curl -f -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/attributes/?recursive=True" | jq 'del(.["startup-script"])')

      cat <<EOF > /var/www/html/index.html
      <pre>
      Name: $NAME
      IP: $IP
      Metadata: $METADATA
      </pre>
      EOF
    EOF1
  }
  lifecycle {
    create_before_destroy = true
  }
}

# health check
resource "google_compute_health_check" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-hc"
  provider = google-beta
  http_health_check {
    port_specification = "USE_SERVING_PORT"
  }
}

# MIG
resource "google_compute_instance_group_manager" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-mig1"
  provider = google-beta
  zone     = "us-central1-c"
  named_port {
    name = "http"
    port = 8080
  }
  version {
    instance_template = google_compute_instance_template.default.id
    name              = "primary"
  }
  base_instance_name = "vm"
  target_size        = 2
}

# allow access from health check ranges
resource "google_compute_firewall" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-fw-allow-hc"
  provider      = google-beta
  direction     = "INGRESS"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
  source_ranges = ["130.211.0.0/22", "35.191.0.0/16"]
  allow {
    protocol = "tcp"
  }
  target_tags = ["allow-health-check"]
}

具有後端值區和 MIG 的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，啟動外部 HTTPS 負載平衡器，並搭配 Compute Engine 後端，以及從 Cloud Storage 值區提供的靜態資產。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括 VPC 網路和子網路、Cloud Storage 值區和物件、Cloud Router、自簽 SSL 憑證、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。詳情請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/multi-backend-multi-mig-bucket-https-lb 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-https" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"
  name    = var.network_name
  project = var.project
  target_tags = [
    "${var.network_name}-group1",
    module.cloud-nat-group1.router_name,
    "${var.network_name}-group2",
    module.cloud-nat-group2.router_name,
    "${var.network_name}-group3",
    module.cloud-nat-group3.router_name
  ]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.self_link]
  url_map           = google_compute_url_map.ml-bkd-ml-mig-bckt-s-lb.self_link
  create_url_map    = false
  ssl               = true
  private_key       = tls_private_key.example.private_key_pem
  certificate       = tls_self_signed_cert.example.cert_pem

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig3.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig1 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig2 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig3 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig3.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_url_map" "ml-bkd-ml-mig-bckt-s-lb" {
  // note that this is the name of the load balancer
  name            = var.network_name
  default_service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["default"].self_link

  host_rule {
    hosts        = ["*"]
    path_matcher = "allpaths"
  }

  path_matcher {
    name            = "allpaths"
    default_service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["default"].self_link

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group1",
        "/group1/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig1"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group2",
        "/group2/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig2"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group3",
        "/group3/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig3"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/assets",
        "/assets/*"
      ]
      service = google_compute_backend_bucket.assets.self_link
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_backend_bucket" "assets" {
  name        = random_id.assets-bucket.hex
  description = "Contains static resources for example app"
  bucket_name = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
  enable_cdn  = true
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "assets" {
  name     = random_id.assets-bucket.hex
  location = "US"

  // delete bucket and contents on destroy.
  force_destroy = true
}

// The image object in Cloud Storage.
// Note that the path in the bucket matches the paths in the url map path rule above.
resource "google_storage_bucket_object" "image" {
  name         = "assets/gcp-logo.svg"
  content      = file("gcp-logo.svg")
  content_type = "image/svg+xml"
  bucket       = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
}

// Make object public readable.
resource "google_storage_object_acl" "image-acl" {
  bucket         = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
  object         = google_storage_bucket_object.image.name
  predefined_acl = "publicRead"
}

搭配 Cloud Run 後端的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，啟動具備 Cloud Run 後端的外部 HTTPS 負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括 Cloud Run 服務、自行簽署的 SSL 憑證、設定 HTTP 至 HTTPS 重新導向的網址對應、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如需更多資訊，請下載或複製存放區，並在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/cloudrun 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google//modules/serverless_negs"
  version = "~> 12.0"

  name    = var.lb_name
  project = var.project_id

  ssl                             = var.ssl
  managed_ssl_certificate_domains = [var.domain]
  https_redirect                  = var.ssl
  labels                          = { "example-label" = "cloud-run-example" }

  backends = {
    default = {
      description = null
      groups = [
        {
          group = google_compute_region_network_endpoint_group.serverless_neg.id
        }
      ]
      enable_cdn = false

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
      log_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_region_network_endpoint_group" "serverless_neg" {
  provider              = google-beta
  name                  = "serverless-neg"
  network_endpoint_type = "SERVERLESS"
  region                = var.region
  cloud_run {
    service = google_cloud_run_service.default.name
  }
}

resource "google_cloud_run_service" "default" {
  name     = "example"
  location = var.region
  project  = var.project_id

  template {
    spec {
      containers {
        image = "gcr.io/cloudrun/hello"
      }
    }
  }
  metadata {
    annotations = {
      # For valid annotation values and descriptions, see
      # https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/run/deploy#--ingress
      "run.googleapis.com/ingress" = "all"
    }
  }
}

resource "google_cloud_run_service_iam_member" "public-access" {
  location = google_cloud_run_service.default.location
  project  = google_cloud_run_service.default.project
  service  = google_cloud_run_service.default.name
  role     = "roles/run.invoker"
  member   = "allUsers"
}

外部應用程式負載平衡器，並將 HTTP 重新導向至 HTTPS

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，啟動具有 HTTP 至 HTTPS 重新導向功能的外部 HTTPS 負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括 VPC 網路和子網路、自行簽署的 SSL 憑證、Cloud Router、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如需更多資訊，請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/https-redirect 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source            = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version           = "~> 12.0"
  name              = "ci-https-redirect"
  project           = var.project
  target_tags       = [var.network_name]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.name]
  ssl               = true
  ssl_certificates  = [google_compute_ssl_certificate.example.self_link]
  https_redirect    = true

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable = false
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig.instance_group
        }
      ]
      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

搭配共用 VPC 的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，在共用虛擬私有雲設定中啟動外部應用程式負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括虛擬私有雲網路和子網路、Cloud Router、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如要瞭解詳情，請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/shared-vpc 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"

  name              = "group-http-lb"
  project           = var.service_project
  target_tags       = ["allow-shared-vpc-mig"]
  firewall_projects = [var.host_project]
  firewall_networks = [var.network]

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig.instance_group
        }
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}