针对外部应用负载均衡器的 Terraform 示例

本页面提供可在部署外部应用负载均衡器时使用的 Terraform 模块。根据您的首选后端类型，使用以下示例之一部署示例外部应用负载均衡器。

如果您刚开始使用 Terraform for Google Cloud，请参阅 Terraform 使用入门。

如需使用预构建的 Terraform 模板来简化 Google Cloud的网络基础架构的设置和管理，请探索简化的 Cloud 网络配置解决方案 GitHub 代码库。

具有托管式实例组 (MIG) 后端的外部应用负载均衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模块启动具有 Compute Engine 后端的外部 HTTP 负载均衡器。

此模块创建多个 Terraform 资源，包括 VPC 网络和子网、Cloud Router、所有必要的负载均衡器组件以及后端实例组。如需了解详情，请下载或克隆代码库，并在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/multi-mig-http-lb 目录中运行 terraform plan 命令。

如需详细了解此示例并了解如何运行此示例，请参阅 GitHub 上的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"
  name    = var.network_prefix
  project = var.project
  target_tags = [
    "${var.network_prefix}-group1",
    module.cloud-nat-group1.router_name,
    "${var.network_prefix}-group2",
    module.cloud-nat-group2.router_name
  ]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.name]

  backends = {
    default = {

      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

具有 MIG 后端和自定义标头的外部应用负载均衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 资源来启动具有已启用 Cloud CDN 的后端服务以及自定义请求和响应标头的外部应用负载均衡器。

如需详细了解负载均衡器设置，请参阅主要设置指南。

# VPC
resource "google_compute_network" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-network"
  provider                = google-beta
  auto_create_subnetworks = false
}

# backend subnet
resource "google_compute_subnetwork" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-subnet"
  provider      = google-beta
  ip_cidr_range = "10.0.1.0/24"
  region        = "us-central1"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
}

# reserved IP address
resource "google_compute_global_address" "default" {
  provider = google-beta
  name     = "l7-xlb-static-ip"
}

# forwarding rule
resource "google_compute_global_forwarding_rule" "default" {
  name                  = "l7-xlb-forwarding-rule"
  provider              = google-beta
  ip_protocol           = "TCP"
  load_balancing_scheme = "EXTERNAL"
  port_range            = "80"
  target                = google_compute_target_http_proxy.default.id
  ip_address            = google_compute_global_address.default.id
}

# http proxy
resource "google_compute_target_http_proxy" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-target-http-proxy"
  provider = google-beta
  url_map  = google_compute_url_map.default.id
}

# url map
resource "google_compute_url_map" "default" {
  name            = "l7-xlb-url-map"
  provider        = google-beta
  default_service = google_compute_backend_service.default.id
}

# backend service with custom request and response headers
resource "google_compute_backend_service" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-backend-service"
  provider                = google-beta
  protocol                = "HTTP"
  port_name               = "my-port"
  load_balancing_scheme   = "EXTERNAL"
  timeout_sec             = 10
  enable_cdn              = true
  custom_request_headers  = ["X-Client-Geo-Location: {client_region_subdivision}, {client_city}"]
  custom_response_headers = ["X-Cache-Hit: {cdn_cache_status}"]
  health_checks           = [google_compute_health_check.default.id]
  backend {
    group           = google_compute_instance_group_manager.default.instance_group
    balancing_mode  = "UTILIZATION"
    capacity_scaler = 1.0
  }
}

# instance template
resource "google_compute_instance_template" "default" {
  name         = "l7-xlb-mig-template"
  provider     = google-beta
  machine_type = "e2-small"
  tags         = ["allow-health-check"]

  network_interface {
    network    = google_compute_network.default.id
    subnetwork = google_compute_subnetwork.default.id
    access_config {
      # add external ip to fetch packages
    }
  }
  disk {
    source_image = "debian-cloud/debian-12"
    auto_delete  = true
    boot         = true
  }

  # install nginx and serve a simple web page
  metadata = {
    startup-script = <<-EOF1
      #! /bin/bash
      set -euo pipefail

      export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
      apt-get update
      apt-get install -y nginx-light jq

      NAME=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/hostname")
      IP=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/network-interfaces/0/ip")
      METADATA=$(curl -f -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/attributes/?recursive=True" | jq 'del(.["startup-script"])')

      cat <<EOF > /var/www/html/index.html
      <pre>
      Name: $NAME
      IP: $IP
      Metadata: $METADATA
      </pre>
      EOF
    EOF1
  }
  lifecycle {
    create_before_destroy = true
  }
}

# health check
resource "google_compute_health_check" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-hc"
  provider = google-beta
  http_health_check {
    port_specification = "USE_SERVING_PORT"
  }
}

# MIG
resource "google_compute_instance_group_manager" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-mig1"
  provider = google-beta
  zone     = "us-central1-c"
  named_port {
    name = "http"
    port = 8080
  }
  version {
    instance_template = google_compute_instance_template.default.id
    name              = "primary"
  }
  base_instance_name = "vm"
  target_size        = 2
}

# allow access from health check ranges
resource "google_compute_firewall" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-fw-allow-hc"
  provider      = google-beta
  direction     = "INGRESS"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
  source_ranges = ["130.211.0.0/22", "35.191.0.0/16"]
  allow {
    protocol = "tcp"
  }
  target_tags = ["allow-health-check"]
}

具有后端存储桶和 MIG 的外部应用负载均衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模块启动具有 Compute Engine 后端以及从 Cloud Storage 存储桶传送的静态资源的外部 HTTPS 负载均衡器。

此模块创建多个 Terraform 资源，包括 VPC 网络和子网、Cloud Storage 存储桶和对象、Cloud Router、自签名 SSL 证书、所有必要的负载均衡器组件以及后端实例组。如需了解详情，请下载或克隆代码库，并在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/multi-backend-multi-mig-bucket-https-lb 目录中运行 terraform plan 命令。

如需详细了解此示例以及如何运行此示例，请参阅 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-https" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"
  name    = var.network_name
  project = var.project
  target_tags = [
    "${var.network_name}-group1",
    module.cloud-nat-group1.router_name,
    "${var.network_name}-group2",
    module.cloud-nat-group2.router_name,
    "${var.network_name}-group3",
    module.cloud-nat-group3.router_name
  ]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.self_link]
  url_map           = google_compute_url_map.ml-bkd-ml-mig-bckt-s-lb.self_link
  create_url_map    = false
  ssl               = true
  private_key       = tls_private_key.example.private_key_pem
  certificate       = tls_self_signed_cert.example.cert_pem

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig3.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig1 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig2 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig3 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig3.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_url_map" "ml-bkd-ml-mig-bckt-s-lb" {
  // note that this is the name of the load balancer
  name            = var.network_name
  default_service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["default"].self_link

  host_rule {
    hosts        = ["*"]
    path_matcher = "allpaths"
  }

  path_matcher {
    name            = "allpaths"
    default_service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["default"].self_link

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group1",
        "/group1/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig1"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group2",
        "/group2/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig2"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group3",
        "/group3/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig3"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/assets",
        "/assets/*"
      ]
      service = google_compute_backend_bucket.assets.self_link
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_backend_bucket" "assets" {
  name        = random_id.assets-bucket.hex
  description = "Contains static resources for example app"
  bucket_name = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
  enable_cdn  = true
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "assets" {
  name     = random_id.assets-bucket.hex
  location = "US"

  // delete bucket and contents on destroy.
  force_destroy = true
}

// The image object in Cloud Storage.
// Note that the path in the bucket matches the paths in the url map path rule above.
resource "google_storage_bucket_object" "image" {
  name         = "assets/gcp-logo.svg"
  content      = file("gcp-logo.svg")
  content_type = "image/svg+xml"
  bucket       = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
}

// Make object public readable.
resource "google_storage_object_acl" "image-acl" {
  bucket         = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
  object         = google_storage_bucket_object.image.name
  predefined_acl = "publicRead"
}

具有 Cloud Run 后端的外部应用负载均衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模块启动具有 Cloud Run 后端的外部 HTTPS 负载均衡器。

此模块创建多个 Terraform 资源，包括 Cloud Run 服务、自签名 SSL 证书、设置 HTTP 到 HTTPs 重定向的网址映射、所有必要的负载均衡器组件以及后端实例组。如需了解详情，请下载或克隆代码库，并在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/cloudrun 目录中运行 terraform plan 命令。

如需详细了解此示例以及如何运行此示例，请参阅 GitHub 中的 README。

module "lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google//modules/serverless_negs"
  version = "~> 12.0"

  name    = var.lb_name
  project = var.project_id

  ssl                             = var.ssl
  managed_ssl_certificate_domains = [var.domain]
  https_redirect                  = var.ssl
  labels                          = { "example-label" = "cloud-run-example" }

  backends = {
    default = {
      description = null
      groups = [
        {
          group = google_compute_region_network_endpoint_group.serverless_neg.id
        }
      ]
      enable_cdn = false

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
      log_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_region_network_endpoint_group" "serverless_neg" {
  provider              = google-beta
  name                  = "serverless-neg"
  network_endpoint_type = "SERVERLESS"
  region                = var.region
  cloud_run {
    service = google_cloud_run_service.default.name
  }
}

resource "google_cloud_run_service" "default" {
  name     = "example"
  location = var.region
  project  = var.project_id

  template {
    spec {
      containers {
        image = "gcr.io/cloudrun/hello"
      }
    }
  }
  metadata {
    annotations = {
      # For valid annotation values and descriptions, see
      # https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/run/deploy#--ingress
      "run.googleapis.com/ingress" = "all"
    }
  }
}

resource "google_cloud_run_service_iam_member" "public-access" {
  location = google_cloud_run_service.default.location
  project  = google_cloud_run_service.default.project
  service  = google_cloud_run_service.default.name
  role     = "roles/run.invoker"
  member   = "allUsers"
}

具有 HTTP 到 HTTPS 重定向的外部应用负载均衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模块启动具有 HTTP 到 HTTPS 重定向的外部 HTTPS 负载均衡器。

此模块创建多个 Terraform 资源，包括 VPC 网络和子网、自签名 SSL 证书、Cloud Router、所有必要的负载均衡器组件以及后端实例组。如需了解详情，请下载或克隆代码库，并在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/https-redirect 目录中运行 terraform plan 命令。

如需详细了解此示例以及如何运行此示例，请参阅 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source            = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version           = "~> 12.0"
  name              = "ci-https-redirect"
  project           = var.project
  target_tags       = [var.network_name]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.name]
  ssl               = true
  ssl_certificates  = [google_compute_ssl_certificate.example.self_link]
  https_redirect    = true

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable = false
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig.instance_group
        }
      ]
      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

使用共享 VPC 的外部应用负载均衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模块启动共享 VPC 设置中的外部应用负载均衡器。

此模块创建多个 Terraform 资源，包括 VPC 网络和子网、Cloud Router、所有必要的负载均衡器组件以及后端实例组。如需了解详情，请下载或克隆代码库，并在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/shared-vpc 目录中运行 terraform plan 命令。

如需详细了解此示例以及如何运行此示例，请参阅 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"

  name              = "group-http-lb"
  project           = var.service_project
  target_tags       = ["allow-shared-vpc-mig"]
  firewall_projects = [var.host_project]
  firewall_networks = [var.network]

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig.instance_group
        }
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}