HTTP-Verbindungs-Pooling verwenden
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Beschreibt das Wiederverwenden von HTTP-Verbindungen mithilfe von HTTP-Verbindungspools.
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[[["Leicht verständlich","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Mein Problem wurde gelöst","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Sonstiges","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Schwer verständlich","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Informationen oder Beispielcode falsch","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Benötigte Informationen/Beispiele nicht gefunden","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problem mit der Übersetzung","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Sonstiges","otherDown","thumb-down"]],[],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page demonstrates how to effectively recycle HTTP connections by using HTTP connection pools in various languages.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eReusing \u003ccode\u003ehttp.Client\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003eHttpClient\u003c/code\u003e instances is shown to be an effective way to leverage connection pooling and caching for improved performance.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe provided code samples illustrate using \u003ccode\u003ehttp.Agent\u003c/code\u003e (Node.js), \u003ccode\u003erequests.Session\u003c/code\u003e (Python), and \u003ccode\u003ejava.net.http.HttpClient\u003c/code\u003e (Java) to establish persistent connections for subsequent HTTP requests.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe code examples also showcase how to properly set up authentication for Cloud Run functions using Application Default Credentials.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Use HTTP connection pooling\n\nShows how to recycle HTTP connections using HTTP connection pools.\n\nExplore further\n---------------\n\n\nFor detailed documentation that includes this code sample, see the following:\n\n- [Optimize networking (1st gen)](/functions/1stgendocs/bestpractices/networking)\n\nCode sample\n-----------\n\n### Go\n\n\nTo authenticate to Cloud Run functions, set up Application Default Credentials.\nFor more information, see\n\n[Set up authentication for a local development environment](/docs/authentication/set-up-adc-local-dev-environment).\n\n\n // Package http provides a set of HTTP Cloud Functions samples.\n package http\n\n import (\n \t\"fmt\"\n \t\"net/http\"\n \t\"time\"\n\n \t\"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/functions-framework-go/functions\"\n )\n\n var urlString = \"https://example.com\"\n\n // client is used to make HTTP requests with a 10 second timeout.\n // http.Clients should be reused instead of created as needed.\n var client = &http.Client{\n \tTimeout: 10 * time.Second,\n }\n\n func init() {\n \tfunctions.HTTP(\"MakeRequest\", MakeRequest)\n }\n\n // MakeRequest is an example of making an HTTP request. MakeRequest uses a\n // single http.Client for all requests to take advantage of connection\n // pooling and caching. See https://godoc.org/net/http#Client.\n func MakeRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {\n \tresp, err := client.Get(urlString)\n \tif err != nil {\n \t\thttp.Error(w, \"Error making request\", http.StatusInternalServerError)\n \t\treturn\n \t}\n \tif resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {\n \t\tmsg := fmt.Sprintf(\"Bad StatusCode: %d\", resp.StatusCode)\n \t\thttp.Error(w, msg, http.StatusInternalServerError)\n \t\treturn\n \t}\n \tfmt.Fprintf(w, \"ok\")\n }\n\n### Java\n\n\nTo authenticate to Cloud Run functions, set up Application Default Credentials.\nFor more information, see\n\n[Set up authentication for a local development environment](/docs/authentication/set-up-adc-local-dev-environment).\n\n\n import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpFunction;\n import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpRequest;\n import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpResponse;\n import java.io.IOException;\n import java.io.PrintWriter;\n import java.net.URI;\n import java.net.http.HttpClient;\n import java.net.http.HttpResponse.BodyHandlers;\n import java.time.Duration;\n\n public class SendHttpRequest implements HttpFunction {\n\n // Create a client with some reasonable defaults. This client can be reused for multiple requests.\n // (java.net.httpClient also pools connections automatically by default.)\n private static HttpClient client =\n HttpClient.newBuilder().connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(10)).build();\n\n @Override\n public void service(HttpRequest request, HttpResponse response)\n throws IOException, InterruptedException {\n // Create a GET sendHttpRequest to \"http://example.com\"\n String url = \"http://example.com\";\n var getRequest = java.net.http.HttpRequest.newBuilder().uri(URI.create(url)).GET().build();\n\n // Send the sendHttpRequest using the client\n var getResponse = client.send(getRequest, BodyHandlers.ofString());\n\n // Write the results to the output:\n var writer = new PrintWriter(response.getWriter());\n writer.printf(\"Received code '%s' from url '%s'.\", getResponse.statusCode(), url);\n }\n }\n\n### Node.js\n\n\nTo authenticate to Cloud Run functions, set up Application Default Credentials.\nFor more information, see\n\n[Set up authentication for a local development environment](/docs/authentication/set-up-adc-local-dev-environment).\n\n const fetch = require('node-fetch');\n\n const http = require('http');\n const https = require('https');\n\n const functions = require('@google-cloud/functions-framework');\n\n const httpAgent = new http.Agent({keepAlive: true});\n const httpsAgent = new https.Agent({keepAlive: true});\n\n /**\n * HTTP Cloud Function that caches an HTTP agent to pool HTTP connections.\n *\n * @param {Object} req Cloud Function request context.\n * @param {Object} res Cloud Function response context.\n */\n functions.http('connectionPooling', async (req, res) =\u003e {\n try {\n // TODO(optional): replace this with your own URL.\n const url = 'https://www.example.com/';\n\n // Select the appropriate agent to use based on the URL.\n const agent = url.includes('https') ? httpsAgent : httpAgent;\n\n const fetchResponse = await fetch(url, {agent});\n const text = await fetchResponse.text();\n\n res.status(200).send(`Data: ${text}`);\n } catch (err) {\n res.status(500).send(`Error: ${err.message}`);\n }\n });\n\n### Python\n\n\nTo authenticate to Cloud Run functions, set up Application Default Credentials.\nFor more information, see\n\n[Set up authentication for a local development environment](/docs/authentication/set-up-adc-local-dev-environment).\n\n import functions_framework\n import requests\n\n # Create a global HTTP session (which provides connection pooling)\n session = requests.Session()\n\n\n @functions_framework.http\n def connection_pooling(request):\n \"\"\"\n HTTP Cloud Function that uses a connection pool to make HTTP requests.\n Args:\n request (flask.Request): The request object.\n \u003chttp://flask.pocoo.org/docs/1.0/api/#flask.Request\u003e\n Returns:\n The response text, or any set of values that can be turned into a\n Response object using `make_response`\n \u003chttp://flask.pocoo.org/docs/1.0/api/#flask.Flask.make_response\u003e.\n \"\"\"\n\n # The URL to send the request to\n url = \"http://example.com\"\n\n # Process the request\n response = session.get(url)\n response.raise_for_status()\n return \"Success!\"\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n\nTo search and filter code samples for other Google Cloud products, see the\n[Google Cloud sample browser](/docs/samples?product=functions)."]]