Conditionally updating a Firestore document in a transaction

Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences.

Conditionally updating a Firestore document in a transaction

Explore further

For detailed documentation that includes this code sample, see the following:

Code sample

C#

DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("SF");
bool transactionResult = await db.RunTransactionAsync(async transaction =>
{
    DocumentSnapshot snapshot = await transaction.GetSnapshotAsync(cityRef);
    long newPopulation = snapshot.GetValue<long>("Population") + 1;
    if (newPopulation <= 1000000)
    {
        Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
        {
            { "Population", newPopulation}
        };
        transaction.Update(cityRef, updates);
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
});

if (transactionResult)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Population updated successfully.");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("Sorry! Population is too big.");
}

Go

ref := client.Collection("cities").Doc("SF")
err := client.RunTransaction(ctx, func(ctx context.Context, tx *firestore.Transaction) error {
	doc, err := tx.Get(ref)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	pop, err := doc.DataAt("population")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	newpop := pop.(int64) + 1
	if newpop <= 1000000 {
		return tx.Set(ref, map[string]interface{}{
			"population": pop.(int64) + 1,
		}, firestore.MergeAll)
	}
	return errors.New("population is too big")
})
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}

Java

final DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("cities").document("SF");
ApiFuture<String> futureTransaction =
    db.runTransaction(
        transaction -> {
          DocumentSnapshot snapshot = transaction.get(docRef).get();
          Long newPopulation = snapshot.getLong("population") + 1;
          // conditionally update based on current population
          if (newPopulation <= 1000000L) {
            transaction.update(docRef, "population", newPopulation);
            return "Population increased to " + newPopulation;
          } else {
            throw new Exception("Sorry! Population is too big.");
          }
        });
// Print information retrieved from transaction
System.out.println(futureTransaction.get());

Node.js

const cityRef = db.collection('cities').doc('SF');
try {
  const res = await db.runTransaction(async t => {
    const doc = await t.get(cityRef);
    const newPopulation = doc.data().population + 1;
    if (newPopulation <= 1000000) {
      await t.update(cityRef, { population: newPopulation });
      return `Population increased to ${newPopulation}`;
    } else {
      throw 'Sorry! Population is too big.';
    }
  });
  console.log('Transaction success', res);
} catch (e) {
  console.log('Transaction failure:', e);
}

PHP

$cityRef = $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->document('SF');
$transactionResult = $db->runTransaction(function (Transaction $transaction) use ($cityRef) {
    $snapshot = $transaction->snapshot($cityRef);
    $newPopulation = $snapshot['population'] + 1;
    if ($newPopulation <= 1000000) {
        $transaction->update($cityRef, [
            ['path' => 'population', 'value' => $newPopulation]
        ]);
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
});

if ($transactionResult) {
    printf('Population updated successfully.' . PHP_EOL);
} else {
    printf('Sorry! Population is too big.' . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

transaction = db.transaction()
city_ref = db.collection(u'cities').document(u'SF')

@firestore.transactional
def update_in_transaction(transaction, city_ref):
    snapshot = city_ref.get(transaction=transaction)
    new_population = snapshot.get(u'population') + 1

    if new_population < 1000000:
        transaction.update(city_ref, {
            u'population': new_population
        })
        return True
    else:
        return False

result = update_in_transaction(transaction, city_ref)
if result:
    print(u'Population updated')
else:
    print(u'Sorry! Population is too big.')

Ruby

city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/SF"

updated = firestore.transaction do |tx|
  new_population = tx.get(city_ref).data[:population] + 1
  if new_population < 1_000_000
    tx.update city_ref, { population: new_population }
    true
  end
end

if updated
  puts "Population updated!"
else
  puts "Sorry! Population is too big."
end

What's next

To search and filter code samples for other Google Cloud products, see the Google Cloud sample browser.