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Terraform を使用して Cloud CDN の設定を自動化する

次の例を使用して、Cloud CDN を有効にしたバックエンドのサンプルをデプロイします。

Google Cloud で Terraform を初めて使用する場合は、Terraform を使ってみるをご覧ください。

Cloud Storage バケットの使用

次のサンプルでは、公開 Cloud Storage バケットを使用して Cloud CDN を構成します。このサンプルには、ロードバランシングとキャッシュの構成も含まれています。必要に応じて構成を変更できます。

サンプルの各セクションの詳細については、バックエンドバケットを設定するをご覧ください。

# Cloud Storage bucket
resource "random_id" "bucket_prefix" {
  byte_length = 8
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "default" {
  name                        = "${random_id.bucket_prefix.hex}-my-bucket"
  location                    = "us-east1"
  uniform_bucket_level_access = true
  storage_class               = "STANDARD"
  // delete bucket and contents on destroy.
  force_destroy = true
  // Assign specialty files
  website {
    main_page_suffix = "index.html"
    not_found_page   = "404.html"
  }
}


# make bucket public
resource "google_storage_bucket_iam_member" "default" {
  bucket = google_storage_bucket.default.name
  role   = "roles/storage.objectViewer"
  member = "allUsers"
}

resource "google_storage_bucket_object" "index_page" {
  name    = "index-page"
  bucket  = google_storage_bucket.default.name
  content = <<-EOT
    <html><body>
    <h1>Congratulations on setting up Google Cloud CDN with Storage backend!</h1>
    </body></html>
  EOT
}

resource "google_storage_bucket_object" "error_page" {
  name    = "404-page"
  bucket  = google_storage_bucket.default.name
  content = <<-EOT
    <html><body>
    <h1>404 Error: Object you are looking for is no longer available!</h1>
    </body></html>
  EOT
}

# image object for testing, try to access http://<your_lb_ip_address>/test.jpg
resource "google_storage_bucket_object" "test_image" {
  name = "test-object"
  # Uncomment and add valid path to an object.
  #  source       = "/path/to/an/object"
  #  content_type = "image/jpeg"

  # Delete after uncommenting above source and content_type attributes
  content      = "Data as string to be uploaded"
  content_type = "text/plain"

  bucket = google_storage_bucket.default.name
}

# reserve IP address
resource "google_compute_global_address" "default" {
  name = "example-ip"
}

# forwarding rule
resource "google_compute_global_forwarding_rule" "default" {
  name                  = "http-lb-forwarding-rule"
  ip_protocol           = "TCP"
  load_balancing_scheme = "EXTERNAL"
  port_range            = "80"
  target                = google_compute_target_http_proxy.default.id
  ip_address            = google_compute_global_address.default.id
}

# http proxy
resource "google_compute_target_http_proxy" "default" {
  name    = "http-lb-proxy"
  url_map = google_compute_url_map.default.id
}

# url map
resource "google_compute_url_map" "default" {
  name            = "http-lb"
  default_service = google_compute_backend_bucket.default.id
}

# backend bucket with CDN policy with default ttl settings
resource "google_compute_backend_bucket" "default" {
  name        = "cat-backend-bucket"
  description = "Contains beautiful images"
  bucket_name = google_storage_bucket.default.name
  enable_cdn  = true
  cdn_policy {
    cache_mode        = "CACHE_ALL_STATIC"
    client_ttl        = 3600
    default_ttl       = 3600
    max_ttl           = 86400
    negative_caching  = true
    serve_while_stale = 86400
  }
}

MIG とカスタムヘッダーを使用する

Terraform リソースを使用して、Cloud CDN バックエンドサービスとカスタムリクエストおよびレスポンスヘッダーを持つ外部 HTTP ロードバランサを起動できます。

ロードバランサの設定については、メインの設定ガイドをご覧ください。

# VPC
resource "google_compute_network" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-network"
  provider                = google-beta
  auto_create_subnetworks = false
}

# backend subnet
resource "google_compute_subnetwork" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-subnet"
  provider      = google-beta
  ip_cidr_range = "10.0.1.0/24"
  region        = "us-central1"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
}

# reserved IP address
resource "google_compute_global_address" "default" {
  provider = google-beta
  name     = "l7-xlb-static-ip"
}

# forwarding rule
resource "google_compute_global_forwarding_rule" "default" {
  name                  = "l7-xlb-forwarding-rule"
  provider              = google-beta
  ip_protocol           = "TCP"
  load_balancing_scheme = "EXTERNAL"
  port_range            = "80"
  target                = google_compute_target_http_proxy.default.id
  ip_address            = google_compute_global_address.default.id
}

# http proxy
resource "google_compute_target_http_proxy" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-target-http-proxy"
  provider = google-beta
  url_map  = google_compute_url_map.default.id
}

# url map
resource "google_compute_url_map" "default" {
  name            = "l7-xlb-url-map"
  provider        = google-beta
  default_service = google_compute_backend_service.default.id
}

# backend service with custom request and response headers
resource "google_compute_backend_service" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-backend-service"
  provider                = google-beta
  protocol                = "HTTP"
  port_name               = "my-port"
  load_balancing_scheme   = "EXTERNAL"
  timeout_sec             = 10
  enable_cdn              = true
  custom_request_headers  = ["X-Client-Geo-Location: {client_region_subdivision}, {client_city}"]
  custom_response_headers = ["X-Cache-Hit: {cdn_cache_status}"]
  health_checks           = [google_compute_health_check.default.id]
  backend {
    group           = google_compute_instance_group_manager.default.instance_group
    balancing_mode  = "UTILIZATION"
    capacity_scaler = 1.0
  }
}

# instance template
resource "google_compute_instance_template" "default" {
  name         = "l7-xlb-mig-template"
  provider     = google-beta
  machine_type = "e2-small"
  tags         = ["allow-health-check"]

  network_interface {
    network    = google_compute_network.default.id
    subnetwork = google_compute_subnetwork.default.id
    access_config {
      # add external ip to fetch packages
    }
  }
  disk {
    source_image = "debian-cloud/debian-12"
    auto_delete  = true
    boot         = true
  }

  # install nginx and serve a simple web page
  metadata = {
    startup-script = <<-EOF1
      #! /bin/bash
      set -euo pipefail

      export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
      apt-get update
      apt-get install -y nginx-light jq

      NAME=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/hostname")
      IP=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/network-interfaces/0/ip")
      METADATA=$(curl -f -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/attributes/?recursive=True" | jq 'del(.["startup-script"])')

      cat <<EOF > /var/www/html/index.html
      <pre>
      Name: $NAME
      IP: $IP
      Metadata: $METADATA
      </pre>
      EOF
    EOF1
  }
  lifecycle {
    create_before_destroy = true
  }
}

# health check
resource "google_compute_health_check" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-hc"
  provider = google-beta
  http_health_check {
    port_specification = "USE_SERVING_PORT"
  }
}

# MIG
resource "google_compute_instance_group_manager" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-mig1"
  provider = google-beta
  zone     = "us-central1-c"
  named_port {
    name = "http"
    port = 8080
  }
  version {
    instance_template = google_compute_instance_template.default.id
    name              = "primary"
  }
  base_instance_name = "vm"
  target_size        = 2
}

# allow access from health check ranges
resource "google_compute_firewall" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-fw-allow-hc"
  provider      = google-beta
  direction     = "INGRESS"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
  source_ranges = ["130.211.0.0/22", "35.191.0.0/16"]
  allow {
    protocol = "tcp"
  }
  target_tags = ["allow-health-check"]
}

Terraform を使用して Cloud CDN の設定を自動化する

Cloud Storage バケットの使用

MIG とカスタム ヘッダーを使用する

MIG とカスタムヘッダーを使用する