在多集群设置中创建管理员集群

在 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 中，您可以设置管理员集群来安全地管理其他集群。您可以通过管理员集群创建、更新、升级或删除用户集群。用户集群独立于管理运行工作负载，因此敏感信息受到保护。

管理多集群工作负载的管理员集群可以提供可用性高 (HA) 的可靠性。在高可用性集群中，如果一个控制层面节点发生故障，其他节点将继续工作。

多集群环境中的管理员集群可提供最佳的基本安全性。由于管理数据的访问权限与工作负载无关，因此访问用户工作负载的人员无权访问 SSH 密钥和服务帐号数据等敏感的管理数据。因此，需要在安全性与所需的资源之间进行权衡取舍，因为单独的管理员集群意味着您需要将专用资源用于管理和工作负载。

您可以使用 bmctl 命令创建管理员集群。创建管理员集群后，需要创建用户集群来运行工作负载。

前提条件：

  • 从 Cloud Storage 下载了最新的 bmctl (gs://anthos-baremetal-release/bmctl/1.8.9/linux-amd64/bmctl)。
  • 运行 bmctl 的工作站与目标用户集群中的所有节点之间有网络连接。
  • 运行 bmctl 的工作站与集群 API 服务器（控制层面 VIP）之间有网络连接。
  • 用于创建管理员集群的 SSH 密钥可供 root 用户使用，或者 SUDO 用户可以访问目标管理员集群中的所有节点。
  • Connect-register 服务帐号配置为与 Connect 一起使用。

如需查看创建混合集群的分步说明，请参阅 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 快速入门。创建管理员集群与创建混合集群类似，不同之处在于管理员集群不运行工作负载。

启用 SELinux

如果想要启用 SELinux 来保护容器，则必须确保先在 Enforced 模式的宿主机上启用 SELinux，然后再安装 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal。RHEL 和 CentOS 系统上默认启用 SELinux。如果在集群中停用了 SELinux 或者您不确定是否已启用 SELinux，请参阅使用 SELinux 保护容器了解有关如何启用 SELinux 的说明。

Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 仅支持 RHEL 和 CentOS 系统中的 SELinux。

登录 gcloud CLI 并创建管理员集群配置文件

  1. 设置 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 可用于创建集群的默认凭据：

    gcloud auth application-default login

  2. 如需在本页面中使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能，请向该主账号授予 Project Owner 角色。如果主账号不能拥有 Project Owner 角色，请完成下一步。

  3. 如需确保在不授予 Project Owner 角色的情况下成功创建集群，请向主账号添加以下 IAM 角色：

    • 服务帐号管理员
    • Service Account Key Admin
    • Project IAM Admin
    • Compute Viewer
    • Service Usage Admin

    如果主账号是拥有这些角色的服务帐号，则可以运行以下命令：

    export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=JSON_KEY_FILE

    将 JSON_KEY_FILE 替换为服务帐号的 JSON 密钥文件的路径。

  4. 获取 Google Cloud 项目的 ID，并将其存储在环境变量中，以用于创建集群：

    export CLOUD_PROJECT_ID=$(gcloud config get-value project)

使用 bmctl 创建管理员集群配置

登录 gcloud 并设置项目后，您可以使用 bmctl 命令创建集群配置文件。

在以下示例中，所有服务帐号都由 bmctl create config 命令自动创建：

bmctl create config -c ADMIN_CLUSTER_NAME --enable-apis \
    --create-service-accounts --project-id=CLOUD_PROJECT_ID

请替换以下内容：

  • ADMIN_CLUSTER_NAME：新集群的名称。
  • CLOUD_PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID 或 $CLOUD_PROJECT_ID 环境变量。

以下示例展示了如何为与项目 ID my-gcp-project 关联且名为 admin1 的管理员集群创建配置文件：

bmctl create config -c admin1 --create-service-accounts --enable-apis --project-id=my-gcp-project

该文件将写入 bmctl-workspace/admin1/admin1.yaml.

除了自动启用 API 和创建服务帐号外，您还可以为现有服务帐号提供适当的 IAM 权限。也就是说，您可以在上一个示例中跳过 bmctl 命令中的自动创建服务帐号部分：

bmctl create config -c admin1

修改集群配置文件

现在您有了集群配置文件，请对其进行修改以做出以下更改：

  1. 提供 SSH 私钥以访问管理员集群节点：

    # bmctl configuration variables. Because this section is valid YAML but not a valid Kubernetes
# resource, this section can only be included when using bmctl to
# create the initial admin/admin cluster. Afterwards, when creating user clusters by directly
# applying the cluster and node pool resources to the existing cluster, you must remove this
# section.
gcrKeyPath:
/bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-gcr.json
sshPrivateKeyPath: /path/to/your/ssh_private_key
gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-connect.json
gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-register.json
cloudOperationsServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-cloud-ops.json

  2. 对于 1.7.0 及更高版本，必须通过 Connect 将集群注册到项目 Environ。

    • 如果您使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能创建了配置文件，则可以跳过此步骤。
    • 如果您创建配置文件时未使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能，请在集群配置文件的相应 gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath 和 gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath 字段中引用下载的服务帐号 JSON 密钥。

  3. 检查配置，确保指定 admin 的集群类型（默认值）：

    spec:
  # Cluster type. This can be:
  #   1) admin:  to create an admin cluster. This can later be used to create user clusters.
  #   2) user:   to create a user cluster. Requires an existing admin cluster.
  #   3) hybrid: to create a hybrid cluster that runs admin cluster components and user workloads.
  #   4) standalone: to create a cluster that manages itself, runs user workloads, but does not manage other clusters.
  type: admin

  4. 更改配置文件以指定多节点、高可用性的控制层面。指定奇数个节点，以通过多数仲裁实现高可用性：

      # Control plane configuration
  controlPlane:
    nodePoolSpec:
      nodes:
      # Control plane node pools. Typically, this is either a single machine
      # or 3 machines if using a high availability deployment.
      - address: 10.200.0.4
      - address: 10.200.0.5
      - address: 10.200.0.6

  5. 指定集群节点的 pod 密度和容器运行时：

    ....
# NodeConfig specifies the configuration that applies to all nodes in the cluster.
nodeConfig:
  # podDensity specifies the pod density configuration.
  podDensity:
    # maxPodsPerNode specifies at most how many pods can be run on a single node.
    maxPodsPerNode: 250
  # containerRuntime specifies which container runtime to use for scheduling containers on nodes.
  # containerd and docker are supported.
  containerRuntime: containerd
....

    对于管理员集群，允许的 maxPodsPerNode 值为 32-250（HA 集群）和 64-250（非 HA 集群）。如果未指定，则默认值为 110。集群创建后，此值无法更新。

    pod 密度也受集群的可用 IP 资源的限制。如需了解详情，请参阅 pod 网络。

使用集群配置创建管理员集群

使用 bmctl 命令部署集群：

bmctl create cluster -c ADMIN_CLUSTER_NAME

ADMIN_CLUSTER_NAME 指定在上一部分中创建的集群名称。

以下示例命令创建名为 admin1 的集群：

bmctl create cluster -c admin1

完整的管理员集群配置示例

以下是使用 bmctl 命令创建的管理员集群配置文件示例。请注意，此示例配置中使用了占位符集群名称、VIP 和地址。这些信息可能不适用于您的网络。

gcrKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-gcr.json
sshPrivateKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.ssh/id_rsa
gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-connect.json
gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-register.json
cloudOperationsServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-cloud-ops.json
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: cluster-admin1
---
apiVersion: baremetal.cluster.gke.io/v1
kind: Cluster
metadata:
  name: admin1
  namespace: cluster-admin1
spec:
  # Cluster type. This can be:
  #   1) admin:  to create an admin cluster. This can later be used to create user clusters.
  #   2) user:   to create a user cluster. Requires an existing admin cluster.
  #   3) hybrid: to create a hybrid cluster that runs admin cluster components and user workloads.
  #   4) standalone: to create a cluster that manages itself, runs user workloads, but does not manage other clusters.
  type: admin
  # Anthos cluster version.
  anthosBareMetalVersion: 1.8.9
  # GKE connect configuration
  gkeConnect:
    projectID: $GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
  # Control plane configuration
  controlPlane:
    nodePoolSpec:
      nodes:
      # Control plane node pools. Typically, this is either a single machine
      # or 3 machines if using a high availability deployment.
      - address: 10.200.0.4
      - address: 10.200.0.5
      - address: 10.200.0.6
  # Cluster networking configuration
  clusterNetwork:
    # Pods specify the IP ranges from which pod networks are allocated.
    pods:
      cidrBlocks:
      - 192.168.0.0/16
    # Services specify the network ranges from which service virtual IPs are allocated.
    # This can be any RFC 1918 range that does not conflict with any other IP range
    # in the cluster and node pool resources.
    services:
      cidrBlocks:
      - 10.96.0.0/20
  # Load balancer configuration
  loadBalancer:
    # Load balancer mode can be either 'bundled' or 'manual'.
    # In 'bundled' mode a load balancer will be installed on load balancer nodes during cluster creation.
    # In 'manual' mode the cluster relies on a manually-configured external load balancer.
    mode: bundled
    # Load balancer port configuration
    ports:
      # Specifies the port the load balancer serves the Kubernetes control plane on.
      # In 'manual' mode the external load balancer must be listening on this port.
      controlPlaneLBPort: 443
    # There are two load balancer virtual IP (VIP) addresses: one for the control plane
    # and one for the L7 Ingress service. The VIPs must be in the same subnet as the load balancer nodes.
    # These IP addresses do not correspond to physical network interfaces.
    vips:
      # ControlPlaneVIP specifies the VIP to connect to the Kubernetes API server.
      # This address must not be in the address pools below.
      controlPlaneVIP: 10.200.0.71
      # IngressVIP specifies the VIP shared by all services for ingress traffic.
      # Allowed only in non-admin clusters.
      # This address must be in the address pools below.
      # ingressVIP: 10.0.0.2
    # AddressPools is a list of non-overlapping IP ranges for the data plane load balancer.
    # All addresses must be in the same subnet as the load balancer nodes.
    # Address pool configuration is only valid for 'bundled' LB mode in non-admin clusters.
    # addressPools:
    # - name: pool1
    #   addresses:
    #   # Each address must be either in the CIDR form (1.2.3.0/24)
    #   # or range form (1.2.3.1-1.2.3.5).
    #   - 10.0.0.1-10.0.0.4
    # A load balancer node pool can be configured to specify nodes used for load balancing.
    # These nodes are part of the Kubernetes cluster and run regular workloads as well as load balancers.
    # If the node pool config is absent then the control plane nodes are used.
    # Node pool configuration is only valid for 'bundled' LB mode.
    # nodePoolSpec:
    #  nodes:
    #  - address: <Machine 1 IP>
  # Proxy configuration
  # proxy:
  #   url: http://[username:password@]domain
  #   # A list of IPs, hostnames or domains that should not be proxied.
  #   noProxy:
  #   - 127.0.0.1
  #   - localhost
  # Logging and Monitoring
  clusterOperations:
    # Cloud project for logs and metrics.
    projectID: $GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
    # Cloud location for logs and metrics.
    location: us-central1
    # Whether collection of application logs/metrics should be enabled (in addition to
    # collection of system logs/metrics which correspond to system components such as
    # Kubernetes control plane or cluster management agents).
    # enableApplication: false
  # Storage configuration
  storage:
    # lvpNodeMounts specifies the config for local PersistentVolumes backed by mounted disks.
    # These disks need to be formatted and mounted by the user, which can be done before or after
    # cluster creation.
    lvpNodeMounts:
      # path specifies the host machine path where mounted disks will be discovered and a local PV
      # will be created for each mount.
      path: /mnt/localpv-disk
      # storageClassName specifies the StorageClass that PVs will be created with. The StorageClass
      # is created during cluster creation.
      storageClassName: local-disks
    # lvpShare specifies the config for local PersistentVolumes backed by subdirectories in a shared filesystem.
    # These subdirectories are automatically created during cluster creation.
    lvpShare:
      # path specifies the host machine path where subdirectories will be created on each host. A local PV
      # will be created for each subdirectory.
      path: /mnt/localpv-share
      # storageClassName specifies the StorageClass that PVs will be created with. The StorageClass
      # is created during cluster creation.
      storageClassName: local-shared
      # numPVUnderSharedPath specifies the number of subdirectories to create under path.
      numPVUnderSharedPath: 5
  # NodeConfig specifies the configuration that applies to all nodes in the cluster.
  nodeConfig:
    # podDensity specifies the pod density configuration.
    podDensity:
      # maxPodsPerNode specifies at most how many pods can be run on a single node.
      maxPodsPerNode: 250
    # containerRuntime specifies which container runtime to use for scheduling containers on nodes.
    # containerd and docker are supported.
    containerRuntime: containerd
  # KubeVirt configuration, uncomment this section if you want to install kubevirt to the cluster
  # kubevirt:
  #   # if useEmulation is enabled, hardware accelerator (i.e relies on cpu feature like vmx or svm)
  #   # will not be attempted. QEMU will be used for software emulation.
  #   # useEmulation must be specified for KubeVirt installation
  #   useEmulation: false
  # Authentication; uncomment this section if you wish to enable authentication to the cluster with OpenID Connect.
  # authentication:
  #   oidc:
  #     # issuerURL specifies the URL of your OpenID provider, such as "https://accounts.google.com". The Kubernetes API
  #     # server uses this URL to discover public keys for verifying tokens. Must use HTTPS.
  #     issuerURL: <URL for OIDC Provider; required>
  #     # clientID specifies the ID for the client application that makes authentication requests to the OpenID
  #     # provider.
  #     clientID: <ID for OIDC client application; required>
  #     # clientSecret specifies the secret for the client application.
  #     clientSecret: <Secret for OIDC client application; optional>
  #     # kubectlRedirectURL specifies the redirect URL (required) for the gcloud CLI, such as
  #     # "http://localhost:[PORT]/callback".
  #     kubectlRedirectURL: <Redirect URL for the gcloud CLI; optional, default is "http://kubectl.redirect.invalid">
  #     # username specifies the JWT claim to use as the username. The default is "sub", which is expected to be a
  #     # unique identifier of the end user.
  #     username: <JWT claim to use as the username; optional, default is "sub">
  #     # usernamePrefix specifies the prefix prepended to username claims to prevent clashes with existing names.
  #     usernamePrefix: <Prefix prepended to username claims; optional>
  #     # group specifies the JWT claim that the provider will use to return your security groups.
  #     group: <JWT claim to use as the group name; optional>
  #     # groupPrefix specifies the prefix prepended to group claims to prevent clashes with existing names.
  #     groupPrefix: <Prefix prepended to group claims; optional>
  #     # scopes specifies additional scopes to send to the OpenID provider as a comma-delimited list.
  #     scopes: <Additional scopes to send to OIDC provider as a comma-separated list; optional>
  #     # extraParams specifies additional key-value parameters to send to the OpenID provider as a comma-delimited
  #     # list.
  #     extraParams: <Additional key-value parameters to send to OIDC provider as a comma-separated list; optional>
  #     # proxy specifies the proxy server to use for the cluster to connect to your OIDC provider, if applicable.
  #     # Example: https://user:password@10.10.10.10:8888. If left blank, this defaults to no proxy.
  #     proxy: <Proxy server to use for the cluster to connect to your OIDC provider; optional, default is no proxy>
  #     # deployCloudConsoleProxy specifies whether to deploy a reverse proxy in the cluster to allow Google Cloud
  #     # Console access to the on-premises OIDC provider for authenticating users. If your identity provider is not
  #     # reachable over the public internet, and you wish to authenticate using Google Cloud console, then this field
  #     # must be set to true. If left blank, this field defaults to false.
  #     deployCloudConsoleProxy: <Whether to deploy a reverse proxy for Google Cloud console authentication; optional>
  #     # certificateAuthorityData specifies a Base64 PEM-encoded certificate authority certificate of your identity
  #     # provider. It's not needed if your identity provider's certificate was issued by a well-known public CA.
  #     # However, if deployCloudConsoleProxy is true, then this value must be provided, even for a well-known public
  #     # CA.
  #     certificateAuthorityData: <Base64 PEM-encoded certificate authority certificate of your OIDC provider; optional>
  # Node access configuration; uncomment this section if you wish to use a non-root user
  # with passwordless sudo capability for machine login.
  # nodeAccess:
  #   loginUser: <login user name>