将 HTTP 目标任务添加到 Cloud Tasks 队列

本快速入门介绍了如何使用 Cloud Tasks API 向 Cloud Tasks 队列添加 HTTP 目标任务。

准备工作

  1. 登录您的 Google Cloud 账号。如果您是 Google Cloud 新手，请创建一个账号来评估我们的产品在实际场景中的表现。新客户还可获享 $300 赠金，用于运行、测试和部署工作负载。
  2. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  3. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command: 

    gcloud init

  4. Create or select a Google Cloud project.

    • Create a Google Cloud project:

      gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

    • Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

      gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

  5. 确保您的 Google Cloud 项目已启用结算功能。

  6. Enable the Cloud Tasks API: 

    gcloud services enable tasks.googleapis.com

  7. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account: 

    gcloud auth application-default login

    You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    8.
  8. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  9. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command: 

    gcloud init

  10. Create or select a Google Cloud project.

    • Create a Google Cloud project:

      gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

    • Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

      gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

  11. 确保您的 Google Cloud 项目已启用结算功能。

  12. Enable the Cloud Tasks API: 

    gcloud services enable tasks.googleapis.com

  13. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account: 

    gcloud auth application-default login

    You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    14.

创建 Cloud Tasks 队列

使用 gcloud tasks queues create 命令来创建队列。

  1. 在终端中，创建一个用于记录所有操作的队列。

    gcloud tasks queues create QUEUE_NAME \
    --log-sampling-ratio=1.0 \
    --location=REGION

    替换以下内容：

    • QUEUE_NAME：您的 Cloud Tasks 的名称 队列
    • REGION：您部署服务或应用的区域

  2. 等待队列初始化，然后验证队列是否已创建 成功。

    gcloud tasks queues describe QUEUE_NAME \
    --location=REGION

    输出应类似如下所示：

     name: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION_ID/queues/QUEUE_NAME
 rateLimits:
   maxBurstSize: 100
   maxConcurrentDispatches: 1000
   maxDispatchesPerSecond: 500.0
 retryConfig:
   maxAttempts: 100
   maxBackoff: 3600s
   maxDoublings: 16
   minBackoff: 0.100s
 state: RUNNING

向 Cloud Tasks 队列添加任务

使用 gcloud tasks create-http-task 命令创建以 HTTP 端点为目标的任务，并将该任务添加到队列中。

  1. 创建任务，将其添加到您创建的队列中，然后将该任务交付给 HTTP 端点。

    gcloud tasks create-http-task \
    --queue=QUEUE_NAME \
    --url=URL_PATH \
    --method=GET \
    --location=REGION \
    --project=PROJECT_ID

    将 URL_PATH 替换为请求将发送到的完整网址路径。例如 https://www.google.com

    路径必须以 http:// 或 https:// 开头。

  2. 通过读取日志来验证任务是否已成功执行。

    gcloud logging read --limit=3

    日志应类似于以下内容：

    jsonPayload:
'@type': type.googleapis.com/google.cloud.tasks.logging.v1.TaskActivityLog
task: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/REGION/queues/QUEUE_NAME/tasks/TASK_ID
taskCreationLog:
   scheduleTime: '2024-07-04T19:00:27.801837Z'
   status: OK
   targetAddress: GET https://www.google.com/
   targetType: HTTP

清理

为避免因本页面中使用的资源导致您的 Google Cloud 账号产生费用，请删除包含这些资源的 Google Cloud 项目。

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

或者，您也可以删除 Cloud Tasks 队列：

gcloud tasks queues delete QUEUE_NAME \
    --location=REGION

后续步骤