Come ottenere il costo di archiviazione per l'eliminazione temporanea di Cloud Storage.
Per saperne di più
Per la documentazione dettagliata che include questo esempio di codice, consulta quanto segue:
Esempio di codice
Python
Per saperne di più, consulta la documentazione di riferimento dell'API Cloud Storage Python.
Per autenticarti a Cloud Storage, configura le Credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per saperne di più, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per le librerie client.
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
import json
import google.cloud.monitoring_v3 as monitoring_client
def get_relative_cost(storage_class: str) -> float:
"""Retrieves the relative cost for a given storage class and location.
Args:
storage_class: The storage class (e.g., 'standard', 'nearline').
Returns:
The price per GB from the https://cloud.google.com/storage/pricing,
divided by the standard storage class.
"""
relative_cost = {
"STANDARD": 0.023 / 0.023,
"NEARLINE": 0.013 / 0.023,
"COLDLINE": 0.007 / 0.023,
"ARCHIVE": 0.0025 / 0.023,
}
return relative_cost.get(storage_class, 1.0)
def get_soft_delete_cost(
project_name: str,
soft_delete_window: float,
agg_days: int,
lookback_days: int,
) -> dict[str, list[dict[str, float]]]:
"""Calculates soft delete costs for buckets in a Google Cloud project.
Args:
project_name: The name of the Google Cloud project.
soft_delete_window: The time window in seconds for considering
soft-deleted objects (default is 7 days).
agg_days: Aggregate results over a time period, defaults to 30-day period
lookback_days: Look back up to upto days, defaults to 360 days
Returns:
A dictionary with bucket names as keys and cost data for each bucket,
broken down by storage class.
"""
query_client = monitoring_client.QueryServiceClient()
# Step 1: Get storage class ratios for each bucket.
storage_ratios_by_bucket = get_storage_class_ratio(
project_name, query_client, agg_days, lookback_days
)
# Step 2: Fetch soft-deleted bytes and calculate costs using Monitoring API.
soft_deleted_costs = calculate_soft_delete_costs(
project_name,
query_client,
soft_delete_window,
storage_ratios_by_bucket,
agg_days,
lookback_days,
)
return soft_deleted_costs
def calculate_soft_delete_costs(
project_name: str,
query_client: monitoring_client.QueryServiceClient,
soft_delete_window: float,
storage_ratios_by_bucket: dict[str, float],
agg_days: int,
lookback_days: int,
) -> dict[str, list[dict[str, float]]]:
"""Calculates the relative cost of enabling soft delete for each bucket in a
project for certain time frame in secs.
Args:
project_name: The name of the Google Cloud project.
query_client: A Monitoring API query client.
soft_delete_window: The time window in seconds for considering
soft-deleted objects (default is 7 days).
storage_ratios_by_bucket: A dictionary of storage class ratios per bucket.
agg_days: Aggregate results over a time period, defaults to 30-day period
lookback_days: Look back up to upto days, defaults to 360 days
Returns:
A dictionary with bucket names as keys and a list of cost data
dictionaries
for each bucket, broken down by storage class.
"""
soft_deleted_bytes_time = query_client.query_time_series(
monitoring_client.QueryTimeSeriesRequest(
name=f"projects/{project_name}",
query=f"""
{{ # Fetch 1: Soft-deleted (bytes seconds)
fetch gcs_bucket :: storage.googleapis.com/storage/v2/deleted_bytes
| value val(0) * {soft_delete_window}\'s\' # Multiply by soft delete window
| group_by [resource.bucket_name, metric.storage_class], window(), .sum;
# Fetch 2: Total byte-seconds (active objects)
fetch gcs_bucket :: storage.googleapis.com/storage/v2/total_byte_seconds
| filter metric.type != 'soft-deleted-object'
| group_by [resource.bucket_name, metric.storage_class], window(1d), .mean # Daily average
| group_by [resource.bucket_name, metric.storage_class], window(), .sum # Total over window
}} # End query definition
| every {agg_days}d # Aggregate over larger time intervals
| within {lookback_days}d # Limit data range for analysis
| ratio # Calculate ratio (soft-deleted (bytes seconds)/ total (bytes seconds))
""",
)
)
buckets: dict[str, list[dict[str, float]]] = {}
missing_distribution_storage_class = []
for data_point in soft_deleted_bytes_time.time_series_data:
bucket_name = data_point.label_values[0].string_value
storage_class = data_point.label_values[1].string_value
# To include location-based cost analysis:
# 1. Uncomment the line below:
# location = data_point.label_values[2].string_value
# 2. Update how you calculate 'relative_storage_class_cost' to factor in location
soft_delete_ratio = data_point.point_data[0].values[0].double_value
distribution_storage_class = bucket_name + " - " + storage_class
storage_class_ratio = storage_ratios_by_bucket.get(
distribution_storage_class
)
if storage_class_ratio is None:
missing_distribution_storage_class.append(
distribution_storage_class)
buckets.setdefault(bucket_name, []).append({
# Include storage class and location data for additional plotting dimensions.
# "storage_class": storage_class,
# 'location': location,
"soft_delete_ratio": soft_delete_ratio,
"storage_class_ratio": storage_class_ratio,
"relative_storage_class_cost": get_relative_cost(storage_class),
})
if missing_distribution_storage_class:
print(
"Missing storage class for following buckets:",
missing_distribution_storage_class,
)
raise ValueError("Cannot proceed with missing storage class ratios.")
return buckets
def get_storage_class_ratio(
project_name: str,
query_client: monitoring_client.QueryServiceClient,
agg_days: int,
lookback_days: int,
) -> dict[str, float]:
"""Calculates storage class ratios for each bucket in a project.
This information helps determine the relative cost contribution of each
storage class to the overall soft-delete cost.
Args:
project_name: The Google Cloud project name.
query_client: Google Cloud's Monitoring Client's QueryServiceClient.
agg_days: Aggregate results over a time period, defaults to 30-day period
lookback_days: Look back up to upto days, defaults to 360 days
Returns:
Ratio of Storage classes within a bucket.
"""
request = monitoring_client.QueryTimeSeriesRequest(
name=f"projects/{project_name}",
query=f"""
{{
# Fetch total byte-seconds for each bucket and storage class
fetch gcs_bucket :: storage.googleapis.com/storage/v2/total_byte_seconds
| group_by [resource.bucket_name, metric.storage_class], window(), .sum;
# Fetch total byte-seconds for each bucket (regardless of class)
fetch gcs_bucket :: storage.googleapis.com/storage/v2/total_byte_seconds
| group_by [resource.bucket_name], window(), .sum
}}
| ratio # Calculate ratios of storage class size to total size
| every {agg_days}d
| within {lookback_days}d
""",
)
storage_class_ratio = query_client.query_time_series(request)
storage_ratios_by_bucket = {}
for time_series in storage_class_ratio.time_series_data:
bucket_name = time_series.label_values[0].string_value
storage_class = time_series.label_values[1].string_value
ratio = time_series.point_data[0].values[0].double_value
# Create a descriptive key for the dictionary
key = f"{bucket_name} - {storage_class}"
storage_ratios_by_bucket[key] = ratio
return storage_ratios_by_bucket
def soft_delete_relative_cost_analyzer(
project_name: str,
cost_threshold: float = 0.0,
soft_delete_window: float = 604800,
agg_days: int = 30,
lookback_days: int = 360,
list_buckets: bool = False,
) -> str | dict[str, float]: # Note potential string output
"""Identifies buckets exceeding the relative cost threshold for enabling soft delete.
Args:
project_name: The Google Cloud project name.
cost_threshold: Threshold above which to consider removing soft delete.
soft_delete_window: Time window for calculating soft-delete costs (in
seconds).
agg_days: Aggregate results over this time period (in days).
lookback_days: Look back up to this many days.
list_buckets: Return a list of bucket names (True) or JSON (False,
default).
Returns:
JSON formatted results of buckets exceeding the threshold and costs
*or* a space-separated string of bucket names.
"""
buckets: dict[str, float] = {}
for bucket_name, storage_sources in get_soft_delete_cost(
project_name, soft_delete_window, agg_days, lookback_days
).items():
bucket_cost = 0.0
for storage_source in storage_sources:
bucket_cost += (
storage_source["soft_delete_ratio"]
* storage_source["storage_class_ratio"]
* storage_source["relative_storage_class_cost"]
)
if bucket_cost > cost_threshold:
buckets[bucket_name] = round(bucket_cost, 4)
if list_buckets:
return " ".join(buckets.keys()) # Space-separated bucket names
else:
return json.dumps(buckets, indent=2) # JSON output
def soft_delete_relative_cost_analyzer_main() -> None:
# Sample run: python storage_soft_delete_relative_cost_analyzer.py <Project Name>
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="Analyze and manage Google Cloud Storage soft-delete costs."
)
parser.add_argument(
"project_name", help="The name of the Google Cloud project to analyze."
)
parser.add_argument(
"--cost_threshold",
type=float,
default=0.0,
help="Relative Cost threshold.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--soft_delete_window",
type=float,
default=604800.0,
help="Time window (in seconds) for considering soft-deleted objects.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--agg_days",
type=int,
default=30,
help=(
"Time window (in days) for aggregating results over a time period,"
" defaults to 30-day period"
),
)
parser.add_argument(
"--lookback_days",
type=int,
default=360,
help=(
"Time window (in days) for considering the how old the bucket to be."
),
)
parser.add_argument(
"--list",
type=bool,
default=False,
help="Return the list of bucketnames seperated by space.",
)
args = parser.parse_args()
response = soft_delete_relative_cost_analyzer(
args.project_name,
args.cost_threshold,
args.soft_delete_window,
args.agg_days,
args.lookback_days,
args.list,
)
if not args.list:
print(
"To remove soft-delete policy from the listed buckets run:\n"
# Capture output
"python storage_soft_delete_relative_cost_analyzer.py"
" [your-project-name] --[OTHER_OPTIONS] --list > list_of_buckets.txt \n"
"cat list_of_buckets.txt | gcloud storage buckets update -I "
"--clear-soft-delete",
response,
)
return
print(response)
if __name__ == "__main__":
soft_delete_relative_cost_analyzer_main()Passaggi successivi
Per cercare e filtrare gli esempi di codice per altri prodotti Google Cloud, consulta il browser di esempi di Google Cloud.