[[["易于理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["解决了我的问题","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["很难理解","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["信息或示例代码不正确","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["没有我需要的信息/示例","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻译问题","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-09-05。"],[],[],null,["| Premium and Enterprise [service tiers](/security-command-center/docs/service-tiers)\n\nThis document describes a threat finding type in Security Command Center. Threat findings are generated by\n[threat detectors](/security-command-center/docs/concepts-security-sources#threats) when they detect\na potential threat in your cloud resources. For a full list of available threat findings, see [Threat findings index](/security-command-center/docs/threat-findings-index).\n\nOverview\n\nThe Cloud SQL database superuser account (`postgres`\nfor PostgreSQL and `root` for MySQL) wrote to user\ntables. The superuser (a role with very broad access) generally shouldn't be\nused to write to user tables. A user account with more limited access should be used\nfor normal daily activity. When a superuser writes to a user table, that could\nindicate that an attacker has escalated privileges or has compromised the\ndefault database user and is modifying data. It could also indicate normal but\nunsafe practices.\n\nHow to respond\n\nTo respond to this finding, do the following:\n\nStep 1: Review finding details\n\n1. Open an `Initial Access: Database Superuser Writes to User Tables` finding, as directed in [Reviewing findings](/security-command-center/docs/how-to-investigate-threats#reviewing_findings).\n2. On the **Summary** tab of the finding details panel, review the\n information in the following sections:\n\n - **What was detected** , especially the following fields:\n - **Database display name**: the name of the database in the Cloud SQL PostgreSQL or MySQL instance that was affected.\n - **Database user name**: the superuser.\n - **Database query**: the SQL query executed while writing to user tables.\n - **Affected resource** , especially the following fields:\n - **Resource full name**: the resource name of the Cloud SQL instance that was affected.\n - **Parent full name**: the resource name of the Cloud SQL instance.\n - **Project full name**: the Google Cloud project that contains the Cloud SQL instance.\n - **Related links** , especially the following fields:\n - **Cloud Logging URI**: link to Logging entries.\n - **MITRE ATT\\&CK method**: link to the MITRE ATT\\&CK documentation.\n - **Related findings**: links to any related findings.\n3. To see the complete JSON for the finding, click the **JSON** tab.\n\nStep 2: Check logs\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to **Logs Explorer** by clicking the link in `cloudLoggingQueryURI` (from [Step 1](#initial_access_database_superuser_writes_to_user_tables_findings)). The **Logs Explorer** page includes all logs related to the relevant Cloud SQL instance.\n2. Check the logs for PostgreSQL pgaudit logs or Cloud SQL for MySQL audit logs, which contain the queries executed by the superuser, by using the following filters:\n - `protoPayload.request.user=\"`\u003cvar class=\"edit\" translate=\"no\"\u003eSUPERUSER\u003c/var\u003e`\"`\n\nStep 3: Research attack and response methods\n\n1. Review the MITRE ATT\\&CK framework entry for this finding type: [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/001/).\n2. To determine if additional remediation steps are necessary, combine your investigation results with MITRE research.\n\nStep 4: Implement your response\n\n\nThe following response plan might be appropriate for this finding, but might also impact operations.\nCarefully evaluate the information you gather in your investigation to determine the best way to\nresolve findings.\n\n- Review the users allowed to connect to the database.\n\n - For PostgreSQL, see [Create and manage users](/sql/docs/postgres/create-manage-users)\n - For MySQL, see [Manage users with built-in authentication](/sql/docs/mysql/create-manage-users)\n- Consider changing the password for the superuser.\n\n - For PostgreSQL, see [Set the password for the default user](/sql/docs/postgres/create-manage-users#user-root)\n - For MySQL, see [Set the password for the default user](/sql/docs/mysql/create-manage-users#user-root)\n- Consider creating a new, limited access user for the different types of queries used on the instance.\n\n - Grant the new user only the necessary permissions needed to execute their queries.\n\n - For PostgreSQL, see [Grant (command)](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/14/sql-grant.html)\n - For MySQL, see [Access Control and Account Management](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/access-control.html)\n - Update the credentials for the clients that connect to the Cloud SQL instance\n\nWhat's next\n\n- Learn [how to work with threat\n findings in Security Command Center](/security-command-center/docs/how-to-investigate-threats).\n- Refer to the [Threat findings index](/security-command-center/docs/threat-findings-index).\n- Learn how to [review a\n finding](/security-command-center/docs/how-to-investigate-threats#reviewing_findings) through the Google Cloud console.\n- Learn about the [services that\n generate threat findings](/security-command-center/docs/concepts-security-sources#threats)."]]