Google Cloud projects form the basis for creating, enabling, and using all Google Cloud services including managing APIs, enabling billing, adding and removing collaborators, and managing permissions for Google Cloud resources.
This page explains how to create and manage Google Cloud projects using the Cloud Resource Manager API and the Google Cloud console.
Before you begin
Read about the project resource in the Resource hierarchy overview. For guidance on setting up your resource hierarchy, see Decide a resource hierarchy for your Google Cloud landing zone.
The following are used to identify your project:
Project name: A human-readable name for your project.
The project name isn't used by any Google APIs. You can edit the project name at any time during or after project creation. Project names do not need to be unique.
Project ID: A globally unique identifier for your project.
A project ID is a unique string used to differentiate your project from all others in Google Cloud. After you enter a project name, the Google Cloud console generates a unique project ID that can be a combination of letters, numbers, and hyphens. We recommend you use the generated project ID, but you can edit it during project creation. After the project has been created, the project ID is permanent.
A project ID has the following requirements:
- Must be 6 to 30 characters in length.
- Can only contain lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens.
- Must start with a letter.
- Cannot end with a hyphen.
- Cannot be in use or previously used; this includes deleted projects.
- Cannot contain restricted strings, such as
google
,null
,undefined
, andssl
.
Project number: An automatically generated unique identifier for your project.
Don't include sensitive information such as personally identifiable information (PII) or security data in your project name, project ID, or other resource names. The project ID is used in the name of many other Google Cloud resources, and any reference to the project or related resources exposes the project ID and resource name.
Create a project
To create a project, you must have the resourcemanager.projects.create
permission. This permission is included in roles like the Project Creator role
(roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator
). The Project Creator role is granted
by default to the entire domain of a new organization resource and to free trial users.
For information on how to grant individuals the role and limit organization-resource
wide access, see the Managing Default Organization
Roles page.
If you don't specify the parent resource, a parent resource is selected automatically if applicable based on the user account's domain.
You can create a new project using the Google Cloud console, the
Google Cloud CLI, or
the projects.create()
method.
Console
To create a new project, do the following:
-
Go to the Manage resources page in the Google Cloud console.
The remaining steps appear in the Google Cloud console.
- On the Select organization drop-down list at the top of the page, select the organization resource in which you want to create a project. If you are a free trial user, skip this step, as this list does not appear.
- Click Create Project.
- In the New Project window that appears, enter a project name and select a billing account as applicable. A project name can contain only letters, numbers, single quotes, hyphens, spaces, or exclamation points, and must be between 4 and 30 characters.
- Enter the parent organization or folder resource in the Location box. That resource will be the hierarchical parent of the new project. If No organization is an option, you can select it to create your new project as the top level of its own resource hierarchy.
- When you're finished entering new project details, click Create.
gcloud
-
In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
To create a new project, use the
gcloud projects create
command:gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID
Where PROJECT_ID is the ID for the project you want to create. A project ID must start with a lowercase letter, and can contain only ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens, and must be between 6 and 30 characters.
To create a project with an organization resource or a folder as parent, use the
--organization
or--folder
flags. As a resource can only have one parent, only one of these flags can be used:gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID
gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID --folder=FOLDER_ID
API
You can't use certain words in the project ID when you create a new project
with the projects.create()
method. Some examples include google
, null
, undefined
, and ssl
.
When you use a restricted word, the request returns with
an INVALID_ARGUMENT
error.
The below request only creates a project, and does not associate it
automatically with a billing account. Use the
projects.updateBillingInfo
method to set or update the billing account associated with a project.
Create Project Request:
POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects/
Authorization: *************
Content-Type: application/json
{
"projectId": "our-project-123",
"name": "my project",
"labels": {
"mylabel": "prod"
}
}
Create Project Response:
{
"name": "operations/pc.123456789",
}
Get Operation Request:
GET https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/operations/pc.123456789
Authorization: *************
Content-Type: application/json
Get Operation Response:
{
"name": "operations/pc.123456789",
"done": true,
"response": {
"@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.cloudresourcemanager.v3.Project",
"projectNumber": "464036093014",
"projectId": "our-project-123",
"lifecycleState": "ACTIVE",
"name": "my project",
"labels": {
"mylabel": "prod"
},
"createTime": "2016-01-07T21:59:43.314Z"
}
}
Add tags during project creation
Tags provide a way to create annotations for resources. You can add tags at the time of creating projects. You must assign the Tag User role while adding tags. For more information on the permissions assigned to this role, see Manage tags on resources. You can only add the namespace for the tag key-value pairs in one of the following ways:
gcloud
To add tags during project creation, run the following command:
gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID --tags=KEY_VALUE_PAIRS
Replace the following:
- PROJECT_ID is the unique identifier of the project.
- ORGANIZATION_ID is the unique identifier of the organization.
- KEY_VALUE_PAIRS is a comma-separated list of key-value pairs that you can assign to your
resource. An example of comma-separated key-value pairs is
123/environment=production, 456/create=testresource
.
API
The following snippet is a JSON request where you create a project and add tags to it.
POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects/
Authorization: *************
Content-Type: application/json
{
"projectId": "our-project-456",
"name": "my project",
"parent": "organizations/123",
"tags": {
"key": "123/environment"
"value": "production"
},
"tags": {
"key": "123/costCenter"
"value": "marketing"
}
}
Creating a project using a service account
You can use a service account to automate project creation. Like user accounts,
service accounts can be granted permission to create projects within an
organization resource. Service accounts are not allowed to create projects outside of an
organization resource and must specify the parent resource when creating a project.
Service accounts can create a new project using the gcloud CLI or the
projects.create()
method.
Managing project quotas
If you have fewer than 30 projects remaining in your quota, a notification displays the number of projects remaining in your quota on the New Project page. After you have reached your project limit, to create more projects you must request a project limit increase. Alternatively, you can schedule some projects to be deleted after 30 days on the Manage Resources page. Projects that users have soft-deleted count against your quota. These projects are fully deleted after 30 days.
To request additional capacity for projects in your organization quota, do the following:
Go to the Quotas & System Limits page.
From the resource selector, select the organization for which you want to increase the project quota.
In the Filter option, select Metric and enter
cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects_count
.Select Cloud Resource Manager API, click
More actions, and then select Edit quota.In the Quota changes dialog, enter a new quota value and a description, and then click Next.
Enter your contact details and click Submit request.
You receive an email acknowledging receipt of your request. If you need further assistance, respond to the email. After the review, you receive an email notification indicating whether your request was approved.
If you don't have an organization and want to request additional capacity for projects in your quota, then use the Request Project Quota Increase form.
For more information about quotas and why they are used, see the Free Trial Project Quota Requests support page. For more information about billing reports, see the Billing Reports support page.
Find the project name, number, and ID
To interact with Google Cloud resources, you must provide the identifying project information for every request. A project is identified by its project ID and project number.
Go to the Welcome page in the Google Cloud console.
From the project picker at the top of the page, select your project.
The project name, project number, and project ID appear after the Welcome heading.
Get an existing project
You can get an existing project using the Google Cloud CLI or
the projects.get()
method.
If you are not a project owner, you must have the permissions included in the
Browser role (roles/browser
).
gcloud
-
In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
To get the metadata for a project, use the
gcloud projects describe
command:gcloud projects describe PROJECT_ID
Replace
PROJECT_ID
with the ID of the project.
API
Request:
GET https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects/<var>PROJECT_ID</var>
Replace PROJECT_ID
with the ID of the project.
Response:
{
"projectNumber": "464036093014",
"projectId": "our-project-123",
"lifecycleState": "ACTIVE",
"name": "my project",
"labels": {
"mylabel": "prod"
},
"createTime": "2016-01-07T21:59:43.314Z"
}
List all projects under a resource
To list all projects that are direct children of a resource, use the
v3 projects.list
method,
with the parent resource specified in the query:
Request:
GET https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects
{
"parent": "folders/662951040570"
}
Response:
{
"projects": [
{
"name": "projects/951040570662",
"parent": "folders/662951040570",
"projectId": "tokyo-rain-123",
"state": "ACTIVE",
"displayName": "Tokyo Rain"
"createTime": "2013-11-13T20:31:53.308Z"
"updateTime": "2013-11-13T20:31:53.308Z"
"etag": "BwWUlZ6XEfY="
}
]
}
Search for projects
To search for projects matching the specified query, use gcloud alpha resource-manager
projects search
, passing the query in the --query
flag. The scope of search
is all the projects for which the user has projects.get permission.
gcloud
-
In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
To get the list of all projects use
gcloud alpha projects search
command:gcloud alpha projects search --query="displayName=rek*" <table output showing the projects with display names starting from rek eg. rekey-project-2, rekha-project>
gcloud alpha projects search --query="state:DELETE_REQUESTED" <table output showing the projects for which delete has been requested>
API
You can use the
projects.search
method
and a query string to return specific project resources that match the filter.
The results contain only projects for which you have been granted the
resourcemanager.projects.get
permission.
The following code snippet returns the Project resource with the display name "Tokyo Rain":
Request:
GET https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects:search?query=displayName%3ATokyo%2BRain
Response:
{
"projects": [
{
"name": "projects/951040570662",
"parent": "folders/662951040570",
"projectId": "tokyo-rain-123",
"state": "ACTIVE",
"displayName": "Tokyo Rain",
"createTime": "2013-11-13T20:31:53.308Z",
"updateTime": "2013-11-13T20:31:53.308Z",
"etag": "BwWUlZ6XEfY="
}
]
}
The following code snippet returns all Project resources with a red label:
Request:
GET https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects:search?query=labels.color%3Ared
Response:
{
"projects": [
{
"name": "projects/951054970012",
"parent": "folders/662951040570",
"projectId": "Osaka-rain-234",
"state": "ACTIVE",
"displayName": "Osaka Rain",
"createTime": "2013-11-13T20:31:53.308Z",
"updateTime": "2013-11-13T20:31:53.308Z",
"etag": "BwWUlZ6XEfY=",
"labels": {
"color": "red"
}
}
]
}
If you specify the parent.type
and parent.id
fields in your request body, then the
resourcemanager.projects.list
permission is checked on the
parent. If the user has this permission, all projects under the parent are
returned after the remaining filters have been applied.
If the user lacks this permission, then all projects for which
the user has the resourcemanager.projects.get
permission are
returned after remaining filters have been applied.
If no filter is specified, the call returns projects for which the user
has resourcemanager.projects.get
permissions.
Updating projects
You can update projects using the Google Cloud console or the
projects.patch()
method.
The only fields that can be updated are the project name and labels. For more information about updating projects, see the project API reference page.
To move a project within your resource hierarchy, see Moving a project. To migrate a project from one organization resource to another, see Migrating projects.
Console
To update a project's name or labels using the Google Cloud console, do the following:
- In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM & Admin Settings page.
The remaining steps appear in the Google Cloud console.
- At the top of the screen, click the project selection drop-down list.
- On the Select from window that appears, click the organization drop-down list and then select your organization. If you are a free trial user, skip this step, as the organization list does not appear.
- Select your project from the list that appears.
- To change the project name, edit Project name, then click Save.
- To change labels, click Labels on the left nav.
Learn more about Using Labels.
gcloud
-
In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
To update a project's name or labels, use the
gcloud alpha projects update
command:gcloud alpha projects update PROJECT_ID \ --name=NAME \ --update-labels=KEY=VALUE, ...
Where:
PROJECT_ID is the ID of the project you want to update.
NAME is the new name you want to assign to the project.
KEY=VALUE, ... is a list of the key=value pairs of labels you want to update. If a label already exists, its value is modified. If it does not exist, a new label is created.
For more information and additional flags that can be used with this command, see the Google Cloud CLI SDK.
API
To update a project, do the following:
Get the
project
object using theprojects.get
method.Modify the fields you want to update.
Call the
projects.patch
method.
The following example updates the display name of the project to
myproject
and sets the color
label to red
:
Request:
PATCH https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects/PROJECT_NUMBER?updateMask=displayName,labels
Where PROJECT_NUMBER
is the numeric ID of the project you want
to update.
Request JSON body:
{
"displayName": "myproject",
"labels": {
"color": "red"
}
}
Response:
{
"projects": [
{
"name": "projects/951054970012",
"parent": "folders/662951040570",
"projectId": "Osaka-rain-234",
"state": "ACTIVE",
"displayName": "myproject",
"createTime": "2013-11-13T20:31:53.308Z",
"updateTime": "2013-11-13T20:35:42.308Z",
"etag": "BwWUlZ6XEfY=",
"labels": {
"color": "red"
}
}
]
}
Shutting down (deleting) projects
You can shut down projects using the Google Cloud console or the
projects.delete
method in the API. A project must have a lifecycle state of ACTIVE
to be shut
down in this way.
This method immediately marks a project to be deleted. A notification email is sent to the user who initiated the delete operation and the Technical category contacts that are listed in Essential Contacts on a best effort basis; if the notification fails to send, the project is still marked to be deleted. If there's no contact in the Technical category, the fallback contact isn't notified.
A project that is marked for deletion isn't usable. If the project has a billing account associated with it, that association is broken and isn't reinstated if the project delete operation is canceled. After 30 days, the project is fully deleted. Until it is fully deleted, the project might still be visible, although it isn't usable.
To stop the project delete process during the 30-day period, see the steps to restore a project.
At the end of the 30-day period, the project and all of its resources are deleted and cannot be recovered. Until it is deleted, the project counts towards your project quota.
To help ensure that you don't delete any important projects, you can enable change risk recommendations. Change risk recommendations generate warnings when you try to delete projects that Google Cloud has identified as important.
If you have set up billing for a project, it might not be completely deleted until the current billing cycle ends and your account is successfully charged. The number and types of services in use can also affect when the system permanently deletes a project. To learn more about data retention and safe deletion, see How Google retains data we collect.
Shut down a project
Console
-
In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM & Admin Settings page.
The remaining steps appear in the Google Cloud console.
-
On the IAM & Admin Settings page, select the project you want to delete, and then
click Shut down.
Shut down only appears for users who have the
resourcemanager.projects.delete
permission in the current project. - Click Shut down.
- Enter the project ID, and then click Shut down anyway.
gcloud
-
In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
To delete a project, use the
gcloud projects delete
command:gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID
Where PROJECT_ID is the ID of the project you want to delete.
API
The following code snippet deletes the specified project:
Request:
DELETE https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects/my-project-123
Troubleshooting project deletion
If the process to shut down a project fails, you can find more information at Troubleshooting project deletion.
Restore a project
Project owners can restore a deleted project within the 30-day recovery period that starts when the project is shut down. Restoring a project returns it to the state it was in before it was shut down, with certain exceptions:
- Billing is disabled on the project when the project is shut down and billing is not automatically enabled on restored projects. The Cloud Billing account must be manually linked again after the project is restored. You might need to wait a few hours before you can successfully link a recently restored project to a billing account.
- You can recover most resources if you restore a project within the 30-day period.
- Some services have delays in restoring and you might need to wait some time (up to 36 hours) for services to be restored.
- Some resources, such as Cloud Storage or Pub/Sub resources, are deleted much sooner. These resources might not be fully recoverable even if you restore the project within the 30-day period.
- Some services might need to be restarted manually. For more information, see Restarting Google Cloud Services.
You must have the resourcemanager.projects.undelete
permission on the project
you want to restore. To restore a project:
Console
To view the project in the Google Cloud console, you need the following permissions:
resourcemanager.projects.list
resourcemanager.folders.list
resourcemanager.projects.get
Go to the Manage resources page in the Google Cloud console.
In the Project picker at the top of the page, select your organization resource.
Below the list of organization resources, folders, and projects, click Resources pending deletion.
Check the box for the project you want to restore, then click Restore. In the dialog that appears, confirm that you want to restore the project.
gcloud
-
In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
To restore a project, use the
gcloud projects undelete
command:gcloud projects undelete PROJECT_ID
PROJECT_ID is the project ID or project number of the project you want to restore.
API
The following code snippet restores the specified project:
Request:
POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v3/projects/my-project-123:undelete