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RSA 키의 비대칭 서명 확인

비대칭 RSA 키로 서명된 메시지의 서명의 유효성을 확인합니다.

더 살펴보기

이 코드 샘플이 포함된 자세한 문서는 다음을 참조하세요.

디지털 서명 생성 및 검증

코드 샘플

C#

Cloud KMS용 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Cloud KMS 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요.

Cloud KMS에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.


using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

public class VerifyAsymmetricSignatureRsaSample
{
    public bool VerifyAsymmetricSignatureRsa(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key", string keyVersionId = "123",
      string message = "my message",
      byte[] signature = null)
    {
        // Build the key version name.
        CryptoKeyVersionName keyVersionName = new CryptoKeyVersionName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, keyVersionId);

        // Calculate the digest of the message.
        SHA256 sha256 = SHA256.Create();
        byte[] digest = sha256.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message));

        // Get the public key.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();
        PublicKey publicKey = client.GetPublicKey(keyVersionName);

        // Split the key into blocks and base64-decode the PEM parts.
        string[] blocks = publicKey.Pem.Split("-", StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
        byte[] pem = Convert.FromBase64String(blocks[1]);

        // Create a new RSA key.
        RSA rsa = RSA.Create();
        rsa.ImportSubjectPublicKeyInfo(pem, out _);

        // Verify the signature.
        bool verified = rsa.VerifyHash(digest, signature, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, RSASignaturePadding.Pss);

        // Return the result.
        return verified;
    }
}

Go

Cloud KMS용 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Cloud KMS 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요.

Cloud KMS에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

import (
	"context"
	"crypto"
	"crypto/rsa"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"crypto/x509"
	"encoding/pem"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
)

// verifyAsymmetricSignatureRSA will verify that an 'RSA_SIGN_PSS_2048_SHA256' signature
// is valid for a given message.
func verifyAsymmetricSignatureRSA(w io.Writer, name string, message, signature []byte) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key/cryptoKeyVersions/123"
	// message := "my message"
	// signature := []byte("...")  // Response from a sign request

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Retrieve the public key from KMS.
	response, err := client.GetPublicKey(ctx, &kmspb.GetPublicKeyRequest{Name: name})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get public key: %w", err)
	}

	// Parse the public key. Note, this example assumes the public key is in the
	// RSA format.
	block, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(response.Pem))
	publicKey, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse public key: %w", err)
	}
	rsaKey, ok := publicKey.(*rsa.PublicKey)
	if !ok {
		return fmt.Errorf("public key is not rsa")
	}

	// Verify the RSA signature.
	digest := sha256.Sum256(message)
	if err := rsa.VerifyPSS(rsaKey, crypto.SHA256, digest[:], signature, &rsa.PSSOptions{
		SaltLength: len(digest),
		Hash:       crypto.SHA256,
	}); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to verify signature: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprint(w, "Verified signature!\n")
	return nil
}

Java

Cloud KMS용 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Cloud KMS 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요.

Cloud KMS에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersionName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.PublicKey;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class VerifyAsymmetricRsa {

  public void verifyAsymmetricRsa() throws IOException, GeneralSecurityException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    String keyVersionId = "123";
    String message = "my message";
    byte[] signature = null;
    verifyAsymmetricRsa(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, keyVersionId, message, signature);
  }

  // Verify the signature of a message signed with an RSA key.
  public void verifyAsymmetricRsa(
      String projectId,
      String locationId,
      String keyRingId,
      String keyId,
      String keyVersionId,
      String message,
      byte[] signature)
      throws IOException, GeneralSecurityException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the name from the project, location, and key ring, key, and key version.
      CryptoKeyVersionName keyVersionName =
          CryptoKeyVersionName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, keyVersionId);

      // Convert the message into bytes. Cryptographic plaintexts and
      // ciphertexts are always byte arrays.
      byte[] plaintext = message.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

      // Get the public key.
      PublicKey publicKey = client.getPublicKey(keyVersionName);

      // Convert the public PEM key to a DER key (see helper below).
      byte[] derKey = convertPemToDer(publicKey.getPem());
      X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(derKey);
      java.security.PublicKey rsaKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(keySpec);

      // Verify the 'RSA_SIGN_PKCS1_2048_SHA256' signature.
      // For other key algorithms:
      // http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#Signature
      Signature rsaVerify = Signature.getInstance("SHA256withRSA");
      rsaVerify.initVerify(rsaKey);
      rsaVerify.update(plaintext);

      // Verify the signature.
      boolean verified = rsaVerify.verify(signature);
      System.out.printf("Signature verified: %s", verified);
    }
  }

  // Converts a base64-encoded PEM certificate like the one returned from Cloud
  // KMS into a DER formatted certificate for use with the Java APIs.
  private byte[] convertPemToDer(String pem) {
    BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new StringReader(pem));
    String encoded =
        bufferedReader
            .lines()
            .filter(line -> !line.startsWith("-----BEGIN") && !line.startsWith("-----END"))
            .collect(Collectors.joining());
    return Base64.getDecoder().decode(encoded);
  }
}

Node.js

Cloud KMS용 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Cloud KMS 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요.

Cloud KMS에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'your-project-id';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// const versionId = '1';
// const message = 'my message to verify';
// const signatureBuffer = Buffer.from('...');

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the key name
const versionName = client.cryptoKeyVersionPath(
  projectId,
  locationId,
  keyRingId,
  keyId,
  versionId
);

async function verifyAsymmetricSignatureRsa() {
  // Get public key
  const [publicKey] = await client.getPublicKey({
    name: versionName,
  });

  // Create the verifier. The algorithm must match the algorithm of the key.
  const crypto = require('crypto');
  const verify = crypto.createVerify('sha256');
  verify.update(message);
  verify.end();

  // Build the key object
  const key = {
    key: publicKey.pem,
    padding: crypto.constants.RSA_PKCS1_PSS_PADDING,
  };

  // Verify the signature using the public key
  const verified = verify.verify(key, signatureBuffer);
  return verified;
}

return verifyAsymmetricSignatureRsa();

PHP

Cloud KMS용 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Cloud KMS 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요.

Cloud KMS에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

function verify_asymmetric_rsa(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key',
    string $versionId = '123',
    string $message = '...',
    string $signature = '...'
): void {
    // PHP has limited support for asymmetric encryption operations.
    // Specifically, openssl_public_encrypt() does not allow customizing
    // algorithms or padding. Thus, it is not currently possible to use PHP
    // core for asymmetric operations on RSA keys.
    //
    // Third party libraries like phpseclib may provide the required
    // functionality. Google does not endorse this external library.
}

Python

Cloud KMS용 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Cloud KMS 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요.

Cloud KMS에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.


# Import hashlib.
import hashlib

# Import cryptographic helpers from the cryptography package.
from cryptography.exceptions import InvalidSignature
from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import padding
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import utils

# Import the client library.
from google.cloud import kms


def verify_asymmetric_rsa(
    project_id: str,
    location_id: str,
    key_ring_id: str,
    key_id: str,
    version_id: str,
    message: str,
    signature: str,
) -> bool:
    """
    Verify the signature of an message signed with an asymmetric RSA key.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').
        version_id (string): ID of the version to use (e.g. '1').
        message (string): Original message (e.g. 'my message')
        signature (bytes): Signature from a sign request.

    Returns:
        bool: True if verified, False otherwise

    """

    # Convert the message to bytes.
    message_bytes = message.encode("utf-8")

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the key version name.
    key_version_name = client.crypto_key_version_path(
        project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id, version_id
    )

    # Get the public key.
    public_key = client.get_public_key(request={"name": key_version_name})

    # Extract and parse the public key as a PEM-encoded RSA key.
    pem = public_key.pem.encode("utf-8")
    rsa_key = serialization.load_pem_public_key(pem, default_backend())
    hash_ = hashlib.sha256(message_bytes).digest()

    # Attempt to verify.
    try:
        sha256 = hashes.SHA256()
        pad = padding.PKCS1v15()
        rsa_key.verify(signature, hash_, pad, utils.Prehashed(sha256))
        print("Signature verified")
        return True
    except InvalidSignature:
        print("Signature failed to verify")
        return False

Ruby

Cloud KMS용 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Cloud KMS 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요.

Cloud KMS에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"
# version_id  = "123"
# message     = "my message"
# signature   = "..."

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"
require "openssl"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the key version name.
key_version_name = client.crypto_key_version_path project:            project_id,
                                                  location:           location_id,
                                                  key_ring:           key_ring_id,
                                                  crypto_key:         key_id,
                                                  crypto_key_version: version_id

# Get the public key.
public_key = client.get_public_key name: key_version_name

# Parse the public key.
rsa_key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new public_key.pem

# Verify the signature.
#
# Note: The verify_pss() method only exists in Ruby 2.5+.
verified = rsa_key.verify_pss "sha256", signature, message, salt_length: :digest, mgf1_hash: "sha256"
puts "Verified: #{verified}"

다음 단계

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