Class HttpRule (2.25.0)

public final class HttpRule extends GeneratedMessageV3 implements HttpRuleOrBuilder

gRPC Transcoding

gRPC Transcoding is a feature for mapping between a gRPC method and one or more HTTP REST endpoints. It allows developers to build a single API service that supports both gRPC APIs and REST APIs. Many systems, including Google APIs, Cloud Endpoints, gRPC Gateway, and Envoy proxy support this feature and use it for large scale production services.

HttpRule defines the schema of the gRPC/REST mapping. The mapping specifies how different portions of the gRPC request message are mapped to the URL path, URL query parameters, and HTTP request body. It also controls how the gRPC response message is mapped to the HTTP response body. HttpRule is typically specified as an google.api.http annotation on the gRPC method.

Each mapping specifies a URL path template and an HTTP method. The path template may refer to one or more fields in the gRPC request message, as long as each field is a non-repeated field with a primitive (non-message) type. The path template controls how fields of the request message are mapped to the URL path.

Example:

 service Messaging {
   rpc GetMessage(GetMessageRequest) returns (Message) {
     option (google.api.http) = {
         get: "/v1/{name=messages/&#42;}"
     };
   }
 }
 message GetMessageRequest {
   string name = 1; // Mapped to URL path.
 }
 message Message {
   string text = 1; // The resource content.
 }

This enables an HTTP REST to gRPC mapping as below:

HTTP	gRPC
`GET /v1/messages/123456`	`GetMessage(name: "messages/123456")`

Any fields in the request message which are not bound by the path template automatically become HTTP query parameters if there is no HTTP request body. For example:

 service Messaging {
   rpc GetMessage(GetMessageRequest) returns (Message) {
     option (google.api.http) = {
         get:"/v1/messages/{message_id}"
     };
   }
 }
 message GetMessageRequest {
   message SubMessage {
     string subfield = 1;
   }
   string message_id = 1; // Mapped to URL path.
   int64 revision = 2;    // Mapped to URL query parameter <code>revision</code>.
   SubMessage sub = 3;    // Mapped to URL query parameter <code>sub.subfield</code>.
 }

This enables a HTTP JSON to RPC mapping as below:

HTTP	gRPC
`GET /v1/messages/123456?revision=2&sub.subfield=foo`

GetMessage(message_id: "123456" revision: 2 sub: SubMessage(subfield: "foo"))

Note that fields which are mapped to URL query parameters must have a primitive type or a repeated primitive type or a non-repeated message type. In the case of a repeated type, the parameter can be repeated in the URL as ...?param=A&param=B. In the case of a message type, each field of the message is mapped to a separate parameter, such as ...?foo.a=A&foo.b=B&foo.c=C.

For HTTP methods that allow a request body, the body field specifies the mapping. Consider a REST update method on the message resource collection:

 service Messaging {
   rpc UpdateMessage(UpdateMessageRequest) returns (Message) {
     option (google.api.http) = {
       patch: "/v1/messages/{message_id}"
       body: "message"
     };
   }
 }
 message UpdateMessageRequest {
   string message_id = 1; // mapped to the URL
   Message message = 2;   // mapped to the body
 }

The following HTTP JSON to RPC mapping is enabled, where the representation of the JSON in the request body is determined by protos JSON encoding:

HTTP	gRPC
`PATCH /v1/messages/123456 { "text": "Hi!" }`	`UpdateMessage(message_id:`

"123456" message { text: "Hi!" })

The special name * can be used in the body mapping to define that every field not bound by the path template should be mapped to the request body. This enables the following alternative definition of the update method:

 service Messaging {
   rpc UpdateMessage(Message) returns (Message) {
     option (google.api.http) = {
       patch: "/v1/messages/{message_id}"
       body: "*"
     };
   }
 }
 message Message {
   string message_id = 1;
   string text = 2;
 }

The following HTTP JSON to RPC mapping is enabled:

HTTP	gRPC
`PATCH /v1/messages/123456 { "text": "Hi!" }`	`UpdateMessage(message_id:`

"123456" text: "Hi!")

Note that when using in the body mapping, it is not possible to have HTTP parameters, as all fields not bound by the path end in the body. This makes this option more rarely used in practice when defining REST APIs. The common usage of is in custom methods which don't use the URL at all for transferring data.

It is possible to define multiple HTTP methods for one RPC by using the additional_bindings option. Example:

 service Messaging {
   rpc GetMessage(GetMessageRequest) returns (Message) {
     option (google.api.http) = {
       get: "/v1/messages/{message_id}"
       additional_bindings {
         get: "/v1/users/{user_id}/messages/{message_id}"
       }
     };
   }
 }
 message GetMessageRequest {
   string message_id = 1;
   string user_id = 2;
 }

This enables the following two alternative HTTP JSON to RPC mappings:

HTTP	gRPC
`GET /v1/messages/123456`	`GetMessage(message_id: "123456")`
`GET /v1/users/me/messages/123456`	`GetMessage(user_id: "me" message_id:`

"123456")

Rules for HTTP mapping

Leaf request fields (recursive expansion nested messages in the request message) are classified into three categories:
- Fields referred by the path template. They are passed via the URL path.
- Fields referred by the HttpRule.body. They are passed via the HTTP request body.
- All other fields are passed via the URL query parameters, and the parameter name is the field path in the request message. A repeated field can be represented as multiple query parameters under the same name.
- If HttpRule.body is "*", there is no URL query parameter, all fields are passed via URL path and HTTP request body.
- If HttpRule.body is omitted, there is no HTTP request body, all fields are passed via URL path and URL query parameters.
Path template syntax

Template = "/" Segments [ Verb ] ; Segments = Segment { "/" Segment } ; Segment = "" | "*" | LITERAL | Variable ; Variable = "{" FieldPath [ "=" Segments ] "}" ; FieldPath = IDENT { "." IDENT } ; Verb = ":" LITERAL ;

The syntax matches a single URL path segment. The syntax * matches zero or more URL path segments, which must be the last part of the URL path except the Verb.

The syntax Variable matches part of the URL path as specified by its template. A variable template must not contain other variables. If a variable matches a single path segment, its template may be omitted, e.g. {var} is equivalent to {var=*}.

The syntax LITERAL matches literal text in the URL path. If the LITERAL contains any reserved character, such characters should be percent-encoded before the matching.

If a variable contains exactly one path segment, such as "{var}" or "{var=*}", when such a variable is expanded into a URL path on the client side, all characters except [-_.~0-9a-zA-Z] are percent-encoded. The server side does the reverse decoding. Such variables show up in the Discovery Document as {var}.

If a variable contains multiple path segments, such as "{var=foo/*}" or "{var=**}", when such a variable is expanded into a URL path on the client side, all characters except [-_.~/0-9a-zA-Z] are percent-encoded. The server side does the reverse decoding, except "%2F" and "%2f" are left unchanged. Such variables show up in the Discovery Document as {+var}.

Using gRPC API Service Configuration

gRPC API Service Configuration (service config) is a configuration language for configuring a gRPC service to become a user-facing product. The service config is simply the YAML representation of the google.api.Service proto message.

As an alternative to annotating your proto file, you can configure gRPC transcoding in your service config YAML files. You do this by specifying a HttpRule that maps the gRPC method to a REST endpoint, achieving the same effect as the proto annotation. This can be particularly useful if you have a proto that is reused in multiple services. Note that any transcoding specified in the service config will override any matching transcoding configuration in the proto.

Example:

http: rules:

Selects a gRPC method and applies HttpRule to it.
```
 - selector: example.v1.Messaging.GetMessage
   get: /v1/messages/{message_id}/{sub.subfield}
```
Special notes

When gRPC Transcoding is used to map a gRPC to JSON REST endpoints, the proto to JSON conversion must follow the proto3 specification.

While the single segment variable follows the semantics of RFC 6570 Section 3.2.2 Simple String Expansion, the multi segment variable does not follow RFC 6570 Section 3.2.3 Reserved Expansion. The reason is that the Reserved Expansion does not expand special characters like ? and #, which would lead to invalid URLs. As the result, gRPC Transcoding uses a custom encoding for multi segment variables.

The path variables must not refer to any repeated or mapped field, because client libraries are not capable of handling such variable expansion.

The path variables must not capture the leading "/" character. The reason is that the most common use case "{var}" does not capture the leading "/" character. For consistency, all path variables must share the same behavior.

Repeated message fields must not be mapped to URL query parameters, because no client library can support such complicated mapping.

If an API needs to use a JSON array for request or response body, it can map the request or response body to a repeated field. However, some gRPC Transcoding implementations may not support this feature.

Protobuf type google.api.HttpRule

Inheritance

Object > AbstractMessageLite<MessageType,BuilderType> > AbstractMessage > GeneratedMessageV3 > HttpRule

Implements

HttpRuleOrBuilder

Inherited Members

AbstractMessage.equals(Object)

AbstractMessage.findInitializationErrors()

AbstractMessage.getInitializationErrorString()

AbstractMessage.hashBoolean(boolean)

AbstractMessage.hashCode()

AbstractMessage.hashEnum(Internal.EnumLite)

AbstractMessage.hashEnumList(List<? extends Internal.EnumLite>)

AbstractMessage.hashFields(int,Map<Descriptors.FieldDescriptor,Object>)

AbstractMessage.hashLong(long)

AbstractMessage.toString()

AbstractMessageLite.<T>addAll(Iterable<T>,Collection<? super T>)

AbstractMessageLite.<T>addAll(Iterable<T>,List<? super T>)

AbstractMessageLite.checkByteStringIsUtf8(ByteString)

AbstractMessageLite.toByteArray()

AbstractMessageLite.toByteString()

AbstractMessageLite.writeDelimitedTo(OutputStream)

AbstractMessageLite.writeTo(OutputStream)

com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.<ListT>makeMutableCopy(ListT)

com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.<ListT>makeMutableCopy(ListT,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.<M>parseDelimitedWithIOException(Parser<M>,InputStream)

GeneratedMessageV3.<M>parseDelimitedWithIOException(Parser<M>,InputStream,ExtensionRegistryLite)

GeneratedMessageV3.<M>parseWithIOException(Parser<M>,CodedInputStream)

GeneratedMessageV3.<M>parseWithIOException(Parser<M>,CodedInputStream,ExtensionRegistryLite)

GeneratedMessageV3.<M>parseWithIOException(Parser<M>,InputStream)

GeneratedMessageV3.<M>parseWithIOException(Parser<M>,InputStream,ExtensionRegistryLite)

com.google.protobuf.GeneratedMessageV3.<T>emptyList(java.lang.Class<T>)

GeneratedMessageV3.<V>serializeBooleanMapTo(CodedOutputStream,MapField<Boolean,V>,MapEntry<Boolean,V>,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.<V>serializeIntegerMapTo(CodedOutputStream,MapField<Integer,V>,MapEntry<Integer,V>,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.<V>serializeLongMapTo(CodedOutputStream,MapField<Long,V>,MapEntry<Long,V>,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.<V>serializeStringMapTo(CodedOutputStream,MapField<String,V>,MapEntry<String,V>,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.canUseUnsafe()

GeneratedMessageV3.computeStringSize(int,Object)

GeneratedMessageV3.computeStringSizeNoTag(Object)

GeneratedMessageV3.emptyBooleanList()

GeneratedMessageV3.emptyDoubleList()

GeneratedMessageV3.emptyFloatList()

GeneratedMessageV3.emptyIntList()

GeneratedMessageV3.emptyLongList()

GeneratedMessageV3.getAllFields()

GeneratedMessageV3.getDescriptorForType()

GeneratedMessageV3.getField(Descriptors.FieldDescriptor)

GeneratedMessageV3.getOneofFieldDescriptor(Descriptors.OneofDescriptor)

GeneratedMessageV3.getParserForType()

GeneratedMessageV3.getRepeatedField(Descriptors.FieldDescriptor,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.getRepeatedFieldCount(Descriptors.FieldDescriptor)

GeneratedMessageV3.getSerializedSize()

GeneratedMessageV3.getUnknownFields()

GeneratedMessageV3.hasField(Descriptors.FieldDescriptor)

GeneratedMessageV3.hasOneof(Descriptors.OneofDescriptor)

GeneratedMessageV3.internalGetFieldAccessorTable()

GeneratedMessageV3.internalGetMapField(int)

GeneratedMessageV3.isInitialized()

GeneratedMessageV3.isStringEmpty(Object)

GeneratedMessageV3.makeExtensionsImmutable()

GeneratedMessageV3.mergeFromAndMakeImmutableInternal(CodedInputStream,ExtensionRegistryLite)

GeneratedMessageV3.mutableCopy(Internal.BooleanList)

GeneratedMessageV3.mutableCopy(Internal.DoubleList)

GeneratedMessageV3.mutableCopy(Internal.FloatList)

GeneratedMessageV3.mutableCopy(Internal.IntList)

GeneratedMessageV3.mutableCopy(Internal.LongList)

GeneratedMessageV3.newBooleanList()

GeneratedMessageV3.newBuilderForType(AbstractMessage.BuilderParent)

GeneratedMessageV3.newBuilderForType(GeneratedMessageV3.BuilderParent)

GeneratedMessageV3.newDoubleList()

GeneratedMessageV3.newFloatList()

GeneratedMessageV3.newInstance(GeneratedMessageV3.UnusedPrivateParameter)

GeneratedMessageV3.newIntList()

GeneratedMessageV3.newLongList()

GeneratedMessageV3.parseUnknownField(CodedInputStream,UnknownFieldSet.Builder,ExtensionRegistryLite,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.parseUnknownFieldProto3(CodedInputStream,UnknownFieldSet.Builder,ExtensionRegistryLite,int)

GeneratedMessageV3.writeReplace()

GeneratedMessageV3.writeString(CodedOutputStream,int,Object)

GeneratedMessageV3.writeStringNoTag(CodedOutputStream,Object)

GeneratedMessageV3.writeTo(CodedOutputStream)

Object.clone()

Object.finalize()

Object.getClass()

Object.notify()

Object.notifyAll()

Object.wait()

Object.wait(long)

Object.wait(long,int)

Static Fields

ADDITIONAL_BINDINGS_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int ADDITIONAL_BINDINGS_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

BODY_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int BODY_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

CUSTOM_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int CUSTOM_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

DELETE_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int DELETE_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

GET_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int GET_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

PATCH_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int PATCH_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

POST_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int POST_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

PUT_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int PUT_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

RESPONSE_BODY_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int RESPONSE_BODY_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

SELECTOR_FIELD_NUMBER

public static final int SELECTOR_FIELD_NUMBER

Field Value
Type	Description
`int`

Static Methods

getDefaultInstance()

public static HttpRule getDefaultInstance()

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

getDescriptor()

public static final Descriptors.Descriptor getDescriptor()

Returns
Type	Description
`Descriptor`

newBuilder()

public static HttpRule.Builder newBuilder()

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule.Builder`

newBuilder(HttpRule prototype)

public static HttpRule.Builder newBuilder(HttpRule prototype)

Parameter
Name	Description
`prototype`	`HttpRule`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule.Builder`

parseDelimitedFrom(InputStream input)

public static HttpRule parseDelimitedFrom(InputStream input)

Parameter
Name	Description
`input`	`InputStream`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`IOException`

parseDelimitedFrom(InputStream input, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

public static HttpRule parseDelimitedFrom(InputStream input, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

Parameters
Name	Description
`input`	`InputStream`
`extensionRegistry`	`ExtensionRegistryLite`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`IOException`

parseFrom(byte[] data)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(byte[] data)

Parameter
Name	Description
`data`	`byte[]`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`InvalidProtocolBufferException`

parseFrom(byte[] data, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(byte[] data, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

Parameters
Name	Description
`data`	`byte[]`
`extensionRegistry`	`ExtensionRegistryLite`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`InvalidProtocolBufferException`

parseFrom(ByteString data)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(ByteString data)

Parameter
Name	Description
`data`	`ByteString`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`InvalidProtocolBufferException`

parseFrom(ByteString data, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(ByteString data, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

Parameters
Name	Description
`data`	`ByteString`
`extensionRegistry`	`ExtensionRegistryLite`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`InvalidProtocolBufferException`

parseFrom(CodedInputStream input)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(CodedInputStream input)

Parameter
Name	Description
`input`	`CodedInputStream`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`IOException`

parseFrom(CodedInputStream input, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(CodedInputStream input, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

Parameters
Name	Description
`input`	`CodedInputStream`
`extensionRegistry`	`ExtensionRegistryLite`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`IOException`

parseFrom(InputStream input)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(InputStream input)

Parameter
Name	Description
`input`	`InputStream`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`IOException`

parseFrom(InputStream input, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(InputStream input, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

Parameters
Name	Description
`input`	`InputStream`
`extensionRegistry`	`ExtensionRegistryLite`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`IOException`

parseFrom(ByteBuffer data)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(ByteBuffer data)

Parameter
Name	Description
`data`	`ByteBuffer`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`InvalidProtocolBufferException`

parseFrom(ByteBuffer data, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

public static HttpRule parseFrom(ByteBuffer data, ExtensionRegistryLite extensionRegistry)

Parameters
Name	Description
`data`	`ByteBuffer`
`extensionRegistry`	`ExtensionRegistryLite`

Returns
Type	Description
`HttpRule`

Exceptions
Type	Description
`InvalidProtocolBufferException`

parser()

public static Parser<HttpRule> parser()

Returns
Type	Description
`Parser<HttpRule>`

Methods

equals(Object obj)

public boolean equals(Object obj)

Parameter
Name	Description
`obj`	`Object`

Returns
Type	Description
`boolean`

Overrides

AbstractMessage.equals(Object other)

getAdditionalBindings(int index)

public HttpRule getAdditionalBindings(int index)

Additional HTTP bindings for the selector. Nested bindings must not contain an additional_bindings field themselves (that is, the nesting may only be one level deep).