演示如何对 Pub/Sub 触发的函数进行单元测试。
代码示例
C#
如需向 Cloud Functions 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。
using CloudNative.CloudEvents;
using Google.Cloud.Functions.Testing;
using Google.Events.Protobuf.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Xunit;
namespace HelloWorld.Tests;
public class HelloPubSubUnitTest
{
[Fact]
public async Task MessageWithTextData()
{
var data = new MessagePublishedData { Message = new PubsubMessage { TextData = "PubSub user" } };
var cloudEvent = new CloudEvent
{
Type = MessagePublishedData.MessagePublishedCloudEventType,
Source = new Uri("//pubsub.googleapis.com", UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute),
Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
Time = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow,
Data = data
};
var logger = new MemoryLogger<HelloPubSub.Function>();
var function = new HelloPubSub.Function(logger);
await function.HandleAsync(cloudEvent, data, CancellationToken.None);
var logEntry = Assert.Single(logger.ListLogEntries());
Assert.Equal("Hello PubSub user", logEntry.Message);
Assert.Equal(LogLevel.Information, logEntry.Level);
}
[Fact]
public async Task MessageWithoutTextData()
{
var data = new MessagePublishedData
{
Message = new PubsubMessage { Attributes = { { "key", "value" } } }
};
var cloudEvent = new CloudEvent
{
Type = MessagePublishedData.MessagePublishedCloudEventType,
Source = new Uri("//pubsub.googleapis.com", UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute),
Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
Time = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow
};
var logger = new MemoryLogger<HelloPubSub.Function>();
var function = new HelloPubSub.Function(logger);
await function.HandleAsync(cloudEvent, data, CancellationToken.None);
var logEntry = Assert.Single(logger.ListLogEntries());
Assert.Equal("Hello world", logEntry.Message);
Assert.Equal(LogLevel.Information, logEntry.Level);
}
}
Go
如需向 Cloud Functions 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。
package helloworld
import (
"context"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"os"
"testing"
)
func TestHelloPubSub(t *testing.T) {
tests := []struct {
data string
want string
}{
{want: "Hello, World!\n"},
{data: "Go", want: "Hello, Go!\n"},
}
for _, test := range tests {
r, w, _ := os.Pipe()
log.SetOutput(w)
originalFlags := log.Flags()
log.SetFlags(log.Flags() &^ (log.Ldate | log.Ltime))
m := PubSubMessage{
Data: []byte(test.data),
}
HelloPubSub(context.Background(), m)
w.Close()
log.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
log.SetFlags(originalFlags)
out, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("ReadAll: %v", err)
}
if got := string(out); got != test.want {
t.Errorf("HelloPubSub(%q) = %q, want %q", test.data, got, test.want)
}
}
}
Java
如需向 Cloud Functions 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。
import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
import com.google.common.testing.TestLogHandler;
import functions.eventpojos.PubsubMessage;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;
/**
* Unit tests for main.java.com.example.functions.helloworld.HelloPubSub.
*/
@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
public class HelloPubSubTest {
private HelloPubSub sampleUnderTest;
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HelloPubSub.class.getName());
private static final TestLogHandler LOG_HANDLER = new TestLogHandler();
@Before
public void setUp() {
sampleUnderTest = new HelloPubSub();
logger.addHandler(LOG_HANDLER);
LOG_HANDLER.clear();
}
@Test
public void helloPubSub_shouldPrintName() {
PubsubMessage pubSubMessage = new PubsubMessage();
pubSubMessage.setData(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(
"John".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
sampleUnderTest.accept(pubSubMessage, null);
String logMessage = LOG_HANDLER.getStoredLogRecords().get(0).getMessage();
assertThat("Hello John!").isEqualTo(logMessage);
}
@Test
public void helloPubSub_shouldPrintHelloWorld() {
PubsubMessage pubSubMessage = new PubsubMessage();
sampleUnderTest.accept(pubSubMessage, null);
String logMessage = LOG_HANDLER.getStoredLogRecords().get(0).getMessage();
assertThat("Hello world!").isEqualTo(logMessage);
}
}
Node.js
如需向 Cloud Functions 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。
const assert = require('assert');
const uuid = require('uuid');
const sinon = require('sinon');
const {helloPubSub} = require('..');
const stubConsole = function () {
sinon.stub(console, 'error');
sinon.stub(console, 'log');
};
const restoreConsole = function () {
console.log.restore();
console.error.restore();
};
beforeEach(stubConsole);
afterEach(restoreConsole);
it('helloPubSub: should print a name', () => {
// Create mock Pub/Sub event
const name = uuid.v4();
const event = {
data: Buffer.from(name).toString('base64'),
};
// Call tested function and verify its behavior
helloPubSub(event);
assert.ok(console.log.calledWith(`Hello, ${name}!`));
});
PHP
如需向 Cloud Functions 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。
namespace Google\Cloud\Samples\Functions\HelloworldPubsub\Test;
use CloudEvents\V1\CloudEventImmutable;
use CloudEvents\V1\CloudEventInterface;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
/**
* Class SampleUnitTest.
*
* Unit test for 'Helloworld Pub/Sub' Cloud Function.
*/
class SampleUnitTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* Include the Cloud Function code before running any tests.
*
* @see https://phpunit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/fixtures.html
*/
public static function setUpBeforeClass(): void
{
require_once __DIR__ . '/index.php';
}
public function dataProvider()
{
return [
[
'cloudevent' => new CloudEventImmutable(
uniqId(), // id
'pubsub.googleapis.com', // source
'google.cloud.pubsub.topic.v1.messagePublished', // type
[
'data' => base64_encode('John')
]
),
'expected' => 'Hello, John!'
],
];
}
/**
* @dataProvider dataProvider
*/
public function testFunction(
CloudEventInterface $cloudevent,
string $expected
): void {
// Capture function output by overriding the function's logging behavior.
// The 'LOGGER_OUTPUT' environment variable must be used in your function:
//
// $log = fopen(getenv('LOGGER_OUTPUT') ?: 'php://stderr', 'wb');
// fwrite($log, 'Log Entry');
putenv('LOGGER_OUTPUT=php://output');
helloworldPubsub($cloudevent);
// Provided by PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase.
$actual = $this->getActualOutput();
// Test that output includes the expected value.
$this->assertStringContainsString($expected, $actual);
}
}
Python
如需向 Cloud Functions 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。
import base64
from unittest import mock
import main
mock_context = mock.Mock()
mock_context.event_id = "617187464135194"
mock_context.timestamp = "2019-07-15T22:09:03.761Z"
mock_context.resource = {
"name": "projects/my-project/topics/my-topic",
"service": "pubsub.googleapis.com",
"type": "type.googleapis.com/google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage",
}
def test_print_hello_world(capsys):
data = {}
# Call tested function
main.hello_pubsub(data, mock_context)
out, err = capsys.readouterr()
assert "Hello World!" in out
def test_print_name(capsys):
name = "test"
data = {"data": base64.b64encode(name.encode())}
# Call tested function
main.hello_pubsub(data, mock_context)
out, err = capsys.readouterr()
assert f"Hello {name}!\n" in out
Ruby
如需向 Cloud Functions 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。
require "minitest/autorun"
require "functions_framework/testing"
require "base64"
describe "functions_helloworld_pubsub" do
include FunctionsFramework::Testing
let(:resource_type) { "type.googleapis.com/google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage" }
let(:source) { "//pubsub.googleapis.com/projects/sample-project/topics/gcf-test" }
let(:type) { "google.cloud.pubsub.topic.v1.messagePublished" }
it "prints a name" do
load_temporary "helloworld/pubsub/app.rb" do
payload = { "@type" => resource_type, "message" => { "data" => Base64.encode64("Ruby") } }
event = make_cloud_event payload, source: source, type: type
_out, err = capture_subprocess_io do
# Call tested function
call_event "hello_pubsub", event
end
assert_match(/Hello, Ruby!/, err)
end
end
it "prints hello world" do
load_temporary "helloworld/pubsub/app.rb" do
payload = { "@type" => resource_type, "message" => { "data" => nil } }
event = make_cloud_event payload, source: source, type: type
_out, err = capture_subprocess_io do
# Call tested function
call_event "hello_pubsub", event
end
assert_match(/Hello, World!/, err)
end
end
end
后续步骤
如需搜索和过滤其他 Google Cloud 产品的代码示例,请参阅 Google Cloud 示例浏览器。