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Template Teks Cloud Storage ke BigQuery

Pipeline Teks Cloud Storage ke BigQuery adalah pipeline batch yang membaca file teks yang disimpan di Cloud Storage, mengubahnya menggunakan Fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF) JavaScript, dan menambahkan hasilnya ke tabel BigQuery.

Catatan: Jika Anda ingin menimpa data di tabel BigQuery, bukan menambahkannya, perbarui WriteDisposition di kode sumber template dari WRITE_APPEND menjadi WRITE_TRUNCATE.

Persyaratan pipeline

Buat file JSON yang mendeskripsikan skema BigQuery Anda.
Pastikan terdapat array JSON level teratas yang berjudul BigQuery Schema dan isinya mengikuti pola {"name": "COLUMN_NAME", "type": "DATA_TYPE"}.

Template batch Teks Cloud Storage ke BigQuery tidak mendukung impor data ke kolom STRUCT (Data) di tabel BigQuery target.

JSON berikut menjelaskan contoh skema BigQuery:
```
{
  "BigQuery Schema": [
    {
      "name": "name",
      "type": "STRING"
    },
    {
      "name": "age",
      "type": "INTEGER"
    },
  ]
}
```
Buat file JavaScript (.js) dengan fungsi UDF yang menyediakan logika untuk mengubah baris teks. Fungsi Anda harus menampilkan string JSON.
Misalnya, fungsi ini membagi setiap baris file CSV dan menampilkan string JSON setelah mengubah nilai.
```
function process(inJson) {
  val = inJson.split(",");

  const obj = { "name": val[0], "age": parseInt(val[1]) };
  return JSON.stringify(obj);
}
```

Parameter template

Parameter yang diperlukan

inputFilePattern : Jalur gs:// ke teks di Cloud Storage yang ingin Anda proses. (Contoh: gs://your-bucket/your-file.txt).
JSONPath : Jalur gs:// ke file JSON yang menentukan skema BigQuery Anda, yang disimpan di Cloud Storage. (Contoh: gs://your-bucket/your-schema.json).
outputTable : Lokasi tabel BigQuery yang akan digunakan untuk menyimpan data yang diproses. Jika Anda menggunakan kembali tabel yang sudah ada, tabel tersebut akan ditimpa. (Contoh: <PROJECT_ID>:<DATASET_NAME>.<TABLE_NAME>).
javascriptTextTransformGcsPath : URI Cloud Storage file .js yang menentukan fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF) JavaScript yang ingin Anda gunakan. (Contoh: gs://bucket-anda/transformasi-anda/*.js).
javascriptTextTransformFunctionName : Nama fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF) JavaScript yang ingin Anda gunakan. Misalnya, jika kode fungsi JavaScript Anda adalah myTransform(inJson) { /*...do stuff...*/ }, nama fungsinya adalah myTransform. Untuk contoh UDF JavaScript, lihat Contoh UDF (https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/DataflowTemplates#udf-examples) (Contoh: transform_udf1).
bigQueryLoadingTemporaryDirectory : Direktori sementara untuk proses pemuatan BigQuery. (Contoh: gs://bucket-anda/file-anda/temp-dir).

Parameter opsional

useStorageWriteApi : Jika true, pipeline akan menggunakan BigQuery Storage Write API (https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/write-api). Nilai defaultnya adalah false. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Menggunakan Storage Write API (https://beam.apache.org/documentation/io/built-in/google-bigquery/#storage-write-api).
useStorageWriteApiAtLeastOnce : Saat menggunakan Storage Write API, menentukan semantik tulis. Untuk menggunakan semantik minimal satu kali (https://beam.apache.org/documentation/io/built-in/google-bigquery/#at-least-once-semantics), tetapkan parameter ini ke true. Untuk menggunakan semantik tepat satu kali, tetapkan parameter ke false. Parameter ini hanya berlaku jika useStorageWriteApi adalah true. Nilai defaultnya adalah false.

Fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF)

Secara opsional, Anda dapat memperluas template ini dengan menulis fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF). Template memanggil UDF untuk setiap elemen input. Payload elemen diserialisasi sebagai string JSON. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Membuat fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna untuk template Dataflow.

Spesifikasi fungsi

UDF memiliki spesifikasi berikut:

Input: baris teks dari file input Cloud Storage.
Output: string JSON yang cocok dengan skema tabel tujuan BigQuery.

Menjalankan template

Konsol

Buka halaman Create job from template Dataflow.

Buka Buat tugas dari template

Di kolom Nama tugas, masukkan nama tugas yang unik.
Opsional: Untuk Endpoint regional, pilih nilai dari menu drop-down. Region defaultnya adalah us-central1.
Untuk mengetahui daftar region tempat Anda dapat menjalankan tugas Dataflow, lihat Lokasi Dataflow.
Dari menu drop-down Dataflow template, pilih the Text Files on Cloud Storage to BigQuery (Batch) template.
Di kolom parameter yang disediakan, masukkan nilai parameter Anda.
Klik Run job.

gcloud

Di shell atau terminal, jalankan template:

gcloud dataflow flex-template run JOB_NAME \
    --template-file-gcs-location gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/VERSION/flex/GCS_Text_to_BigQuery_Flex \
    --region REGION_NAME \
    --parameters \
javascriptTextTransformFunctionName=JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION,\
JSONPath=PATH_TO_BIGQUERY_SCHEMA_JSON,\
javascriptTextTransformGcsPath=PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE,\
inputFilePattern=PATH_TO_TEXT_DATA,\
outputTable=BIGQUERY_TABLE,\
bigQueryLoadingTemporaryDirectory=PATH_TO_TEMP_DIR_ON_GCS

Ganti kode berikut:

PROJECT_ID: ID project Google Cloud tempat Anda ingin menjalankan tugas Dataflow
JOB_NAME: nama tugas unik pilihan Anda
VERSION: versi template yang ingin Anda gunakan
Anda dapat menggunakan nilai berikut:
- latest untuk menggunakan template versi terbaru, yang tersedia di folder induk tanpa tanggal di bucket—gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/latest/
- nama versi, seperti 2023-09-12-00_RC00, untuk menggunakan versi template tertentu, yang dapat ditemukan bertingkat dalam folder induk bertanggal masing-masing di bucket—gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/
Perhatian: Template versi terbaru mungkin diupdate dengan perubahan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan. Lingkungan produksi Anda harus menggunakan template yang disimpan di folder induk bertanggal terbaru untuk mencegah perubahan yang menyebabkan error ini memengaruhi alur kerja produksi Anda.
REGION_NAME: region tempat Anda ingin men-deploy tugas Dataflow—misalnya, us-central1
JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION: nama fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF) JavaScript yang ingin Anda gunakan
Misalnya, jika kode fungsi JavaScript Anda adalah myTransform(inJson) { /*...do stuff...*/ }, nama fungsinya adalah myTransform. Untuk contoh UDF JavaScript, lihat Contoh UDF.
PATH_TO_BIGQUERY_SCHEMA_JSON: jalur Cloud Storage ke file JSON yang berisi definisi skema
PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE: URI Cloud Storage dari file .js yang menentukan fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF) JavaScript yang ingin Anda gunakan—misalnya, gs://my-bucket/my-udfs/my_file.js
PATH_TO_TEXT_DATA: jalur Cloud Storage ke set data teks Anda
BIGQUERY_TABLE: nama tabel BigQuery Anda
PATH_TO_TEMP_DIR_ON_GCS: jalur Cloud Storage Anda ke direktori sementara

API

Untuk menjalankan template menggunakan REST API, kirim permintaan POST HTTP. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya tentang API dan cakupan otorisasinya, lihat projects.templates.launch.

POST https://dataflow.googleapis.com/v1b3/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/flexTemplates:launch
{
   "launch_parameter": {
      "jobName": "JOB_NAME",
      "parameters": {
        "javascriptTextTransformFunctionName": "JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION",
        "JSONPath": "PATH_TO_BIGQUERY_SCHEMA_JSON",
        "javascriptTextTransformGcsPath": "PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE",
        "inputFilePattern":"PATH_TO_TEXT_DATA",
        "outputTable":"BIGQUERY_TABLE",
        "bigQueryLoadingTemporaryDirectory": "PATH_TO_TEMP_DIR_ON_GCS"
      },
      "containerSpecGcsPath": "gs://dataflow-templates-LOCATION/VERSION/flex/GCS_Text_to_BigQuery_Flex",
   }
}

Ganti kode berikut:

PROJECT_ID: ID project Google Cloud tempat Anda ingin menjalankan tugas Dataflow
JOB_NAME: nama tugas unik pilihan Anda
VERSION: versi template yang ingin Anda gunakan
Anda dapat menggunakan nilai berikut:
- latest untuk menggunakan template versi terbaru, yang tersedia di folder induk tanpa tanggal di bucket—gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/latest/
- nama versi, seperti 2023-09-12-00_RC00, untuk menggunakan versi template tertentu, yang dapat ditemukan bertingkat dalam folder induk bertanggal masing-masing di bucket—gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/
Perhatian: Template versi terbaru mungkin diupdate dengan perubahan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan. Lingkungan produksi Anda harus menggunakan template yang disimpan di folder induk bertanggal terbaru untuk mencegah perubahan yang menyebabkan error ini memengaruhi alur kerja produksi Anda.
LOCATION: region tempat Anda ingin men-deploy tugas Dataflow—misalnya, us-central1
JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION: nama fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF) JavaScript yang ingin Anda gunakan
Misalnya, jika kode fungsi JavaScript Anda adalah myTransform(inJson) { /*...do stuff...*/ }, nama fungsinya adalah myTransform. Untuk contoh UDF JavaScript, lihat Contoh UDF.
PATH_TO_BIGQUERY_SCHEMA_JSON: jalur Cloud Storage ke file JSON yang berisi definisi skema
PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE: URI Cloud Storage dari file .js yang menentukan fungsi yang ditentukan pengguna (UDF) JavaScript yang ingin Anda gunakan—misalnya, gs://my-bucket/my-udfs/my_file.js
PATH_TO_TEXT_DATA: jalur Cloud Storage ke set data teks Anda
BIGQUERY_TABLE: nama tabel BigQuery Anda
PATH_TO_TEMP_DIR_ON_GCS: jalur Cloud Storage Anda ke direktori sementara

Kode sumber template

Java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2022 Google LLC
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 * the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */
package com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.templates;

import com.google.api.services.bigquery.model.TableFieldSchema;
import com.google.api.services.bigquery.model.TableRow;
import com.google.api.services.bigquery.model.TableSchema;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.metadata.MultiTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.metadata.Template;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.metadata.TemplateCategory;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.metadata.TemplateParameter;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.common.UncaughtExceptionLogger;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.options.BigQueryStorageApiBatchOptions;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.transforms.BigQueryConverters;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.transforms.JavascriptTextTransformer.TransformTextViaJavascript;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.transforms.PythonExternalTextTransformer;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.transforms.PythonExternalTextTransformer.PythonExternalTextTransformerOptions;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.v2.utils.BigQueryIOUtils;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.base.Strings;
import java.nio.channels.Channels;
import java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.options.DataflowPipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.PipelineResult;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.FileSystems;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.TextIO;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.gcp.bigquery.BigQueryIO;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.gcp.bigquery.BigQueryIO.Write;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.gcp.bigquery.BigQueryIO.Write.CreateDisposition;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.gcp.bigquery.BigQueryIO.Write.WriteDisposition;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptionsFactory;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.Validation;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.ValueProvider.StaticValueProvider;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.MapElements;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.ParDo;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.SimpleFunction;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.StreamUtils;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollection;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;

/**
 * Templated pipeline to read text from TextIO, apply a javascript UDF to it, and write it to GCS.
 *
 * <p>Check out <a
 * href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/DataflowTemplates/blob/main/v2/googlecloud-to-googlecloud/README_GCS_Text_to_BigQuery_Flex.md">README</a>
 * for instructions on how to use or modify this template.
 */
@MultiTemplate({
  @Template(
      name = "GCS_Text_to_BigQuery_Flex",
      category = TemplateCategory.BATCH,
      displayName = "Text Files on Cloud Storage to BigQuery with BigQuery Storage API support",
      description =
          "The Cloud Storage Text to BigQuery pipeline is a batch pipeline that allows you to read text files stored in "
              + "Cloud Storage, transform them using a JavaScript User Defined Function (UDF) that you provide, and append the result to a BigQuery table.",
      optionsClass = TextIOToBigQuery.Options.class,
      skipOptions = {
        "javascriptTextTransformReloadIntervalMinutes",
        "pythonExternalTextTransformGcsPath",
        "pythonExternalTextTransformFunctionName"
      },
      documentation =
          "https://cloud.google.com/dataflow/docs/guides/templates/provided/cloud-storage-to-bigquery",
      flexContainerName = "text-to-bigquery",
      contactInformation = "https://cloud.google.com/support",
      requirements = {
        "Create a JSON file that describes your {{bigquery_name_short}} schema.\n"
            + "    <p>Ensure that there is a top-level JSON array titled <code>BigQuery Schema</code> and that its\n"
            + "      contents follow the pattern <code>{\"name\": \"COLUMN_NAME\", \"type\": \"DATA_TYPE\"}</code>.</p>\n"
            + "    <p>The following JSON describes an example BigQuery schema:</p>\n"
            + "<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-json\">\n"
            + "{\n"
            + "  \"BigQuery Schema\": [\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"location\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"name\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"age\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"color\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"coffee\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    }\n"
            + "  ]\n"
            + "}\n"
            + "</pre>",
        "Create a JavaScript (<code>.js</code>) file with your UDF function that supplies the logic\n"
            + "    to transform the lines of text. Your function must return a JSON string.\n"
            + "    <p>For example, this function splits each line of a CSV file and returns a JSON string after\n"
            + "      transforming the values.</p>\n"
            + "<pre class=\"prettyprint\" suppresswarning>\n"
            + "function transform(line) {\n"
            + "var values = line.split(',');\n"
            + "\n"
            + "var obj = new Object();\n"
            + "obj.location = values[0];\n"
            + "obj.name = values[1];\n"
            + "obj.age = values[2];\n"
            + "obj.color = values[3];\n"
            + "obj.coffee = values[4];\n"
            + "var jsonString = JSON.stringify(obj);\n"
            + "\n"
            + "return jsonString;\n"
            + "}</pre>"
      }),
  @Template(
      name = "GCS_Text_to_BigQuery_Xlang",
      category = TemplateCategory.BATCH,
      displayName =
          "Text Files on Cloud Storage to BigQuery with BigQuery Storage API & Python UDF support",
      type = Template.TemplateType.XLANG,
      description =
          "The Cloud Storage Text to BigQuery pipeline is a batch pipeline that allows you to read text files stored in "
              + "Cloud Storage, transform them using a Python User Defined Function (UDF) that you provide, and append the result to a BigQuery table.",
      optionsClass = TextIOToBigQuery.Options.class,
      skipOptions = {
        "javascriptTextTransformReloadIntervalMinutes",
        "javascriptTextTransformGcsPath",
        "javascriptTextTransformFunctionName"
      },
      optionalOptions = {"javascriptTextTransformGcsPath", "javascriptTextTransformFunctionName"},
      documentation =
          "https://cloud.google.com/dataflow/docs/guides/templates/provided/cloud-storage-to-bigquery",
      flexContainerName = "text-to-bigquery-xlang",
      contactInformation = "https://cloud.google.com/support",
      requirements = {
        "Create a JSON file that describes your {{bigquery_name_short}} schema.\n"
            + "    <p>Ensure that there is a top-level JSON array titled <code>BigQuery Schema</code> and that its\n"
            + "      contents follow the pattern <code>{\"name\": \"COLUMN_NAME\", \"type\": \"DATA_TYPE\"}</code>.</p>\n"
            + "    <p>The following JSON describes an example BigQuery schema:</p>\n"
            + "<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-json\">\n"
            + "{\n"
            + "  \"BigQuery Schema\": [\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"location\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"name\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"age\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"color\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    },\n"
            + "    {\n"
            + "      \"name\": \"coffee\",\n"
            + "      \"type\": \"STRING\"\n"
            + "    }\n"
            + "  ]\n"
            + "}\n"
            + "</pre>",
        "Create a JavaScript (<code>.js</code>) file with your UDF function that supplies the logic\n"
            + "    to transform the lines of text. Your function must return a JSON string.\n"
            + "    <p>For example, this function splits each line of a CSV file and returns a JSON string after\n"
            + "      transforming the values.</p>\n"
            + "<pre class=\"prettyprint\" suppresswarning>\n"
            + "function transform(line) {\n"
            + "var values = line.split(',');\n"
            + "\n"
            + "var obj = new Object();\n"
            + "obj.location = values[0];\n"
            + "obj.name = values[1];\n"
            + "obj.age = values[2];\n"
            + "obj.color = values[3];\n"
            + "obj.coffee = values[4];\n"
            + "var jsonString = JSON.stringify(obj);\n"
            + "\n"
            + "return jsonString;\n"
            + "}</pre>"
      })
})
public class TextIOToBigQuery {

  /** Options supported by {@link TextIOToBigQuery}. */
  public interface Options
      extends DataflowPipelineOptions,
          PythonExternalTextTransformerOptions,
          BigQueryStorageApiBatchOptions {
    @TemplateParameter.GcsReadFile(
        order = 1,
        groupName = "Source",
        optional = false,
        description = "The GCS location of the text you'd like to process",
        helpText = "The gs:// path to the text in Cloud Storage you'd like to process.",
        example = "gs://your-bucket/your-file.txt")
    String getInputFilePattern();

    void setInputFilePattern(String value);

    @TemplateParameter.GcsReadFile(
        order = 2,
        optional = false,
        description = "JSON file with BigQuery Schema description",
        helpText =
            "The gs:// path to the JSON file that defines your BigQuery schema, stored in Cloud Storage.",
        example = "gs://your-bucket/your-schema.json")
    String getJSONPath();

    void setJSONPath(String value);

    @TemplateParameter.BigQueryTable(
        order = 3,
        optional = false,
        groupName = "Target",
        description = "Output table to write to",
        helpText =
            "The location of the BigQuery table to use to store the processed data. If you reuse an existing table, it is overwritten.",
        example = "<PROJECT_ID>:<DATASET_NAME>.<TABLE_NAME>")
    String getOutputTable();

    void setOutputTable(String value);

    @TemplateParameter.JavascriptUdfFile(
        order = 4,
        optional = false,
        description = "GCS path to javascript fn for transforming output",
        helpText =
            "The Cloud Storage URI of the `.js` file that defines the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) you want to use.",
        example = "gs://your-bucket/your-transforms/*.js")
    String getJavascriptTextTransformGcsPath();

    void setJavascriptTextTransformGcsPath(String jsTransformPath);

    @TemplateParameter.Text(
        order = 5,
        optional = false,
        regexes = {"[a-zA-Z0-9_]+"},
        description = "UDF Javascript Function Name",
        helpText =
            "The name of the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) that you want to use. For example, if your JavaScript function code is `myTransform(inJson) { /*...do stuff...*/ }`, then the function name is `myTransform`. For sample JavaScript UDFs, see UDF Examples (https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/DataflowTemplates#udf-examples)",
        example = "transform_udf1")
    String getJavascriptTextTransformFunctionName();

    void setJavascriptTextTransformFunctionName(String javascriptTextTransformFunctionName);

    @Validation.Required
    @TemplateParameter.GcsWriteFolder(
        order = 6,
        optional = false,
        description = "Temporary directory for BigQuery loading process",
        helpText = "Temporary directory for BigQuery loading process.",
        example = "gs://your-bucket/your-files/temp-dir")
    String getBigQueryLoadingTemporaryDirectory();

    void setBigQueryLoadingTemporaryDirectory(String directory);
  }

  private static final String BIGQUERY_SCHEMA = "BigQuery Schema";

  private static final String NAME = "name";
  private static final String TYPE = "type";
  private static final String MODE = "mode";
  private static final String RECORD_TYPE = "RECORD";
  private static final String FIELDS_ENTRY = "fields";

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    UncaughtExceptionLogger.register();

    Options options = PipelineOptionsFactory.fromArgs(args).withValidation().as(Options.class);
    run(options, () -> writeToBQTransform(options));
  }

  /**
   * Create the pipeline with the supplied options.
   *
   * @param options The execution parameters to the pipeline.
   * @param writeToBQ the transform that outputs {@link TableRow}s to BigQuery.
   * @return The result of the pipeline execution.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  static PipelineResult run(Options options, Supplier<Write<TableRow>> writeToBQ) {
    BigQueryIOUtils.validateBQStorageApiOptionsBatch(options);

    Pipeline pipeline = Pipeline.create(options);

    boolean useJavascriptUdf = !Strings.isNullOrEmpty(options.getJavascriptTextTransformGcsPath());
    boolean usePythonUdf = !Strings.isNullOrEmpty(options.getPythonExternalTextTransformGcsPath());
    if (useJavascriptUdf && usePythonUdf) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "Either javascript or Python gcs path must be provided, but not both.");
    }

    PCollection<String> source =
        pipeline.apply("Read from source", TextIO.read().from(options.getInputFilePattern()));
    PCollection<TableRow> udfOut;

    if (usePythonUdf) {
      udfOut =
          source
              .apply(
                  "MapToRecord",
                  PythonExternalTextTransformer.FailsafeRowPythonExternalUdf
                      .stringMappingFunction())
              .setRowSchema(PythonExternalTextTransformer.FailsafeRowPythonExternalUdf.ROW_SCHEMA)
              .apply(
                  "InvokeUDF",
                  PythonExternalTextTransformer.FailsafePythonExternalUdf.newBuilder()
                      .setFileSystemPath(options.getPythonExternalTextTransformGcsPath())
                      .setFunctionName(options.getPythonExternalTextTransformFunctionName())
                      .build())
              .apply(
                  "MapToTableRowElements",
                  ParDo.of(new PythonExternalTextTransformer.RowToTableRowElementFn()));
    } else {
      udfOut =
          source
              .apply(
                  TransformTextViaJavascript.newBuilder()
                      .setFileSystemPath(options.getJavascriptTextTransformGcsPath())
                      .setFunctionName(options.getJavascriptTextTransformFunctionName())
                      .setReloadIntervalMinutes(
                          options.getJavascriptTextTransformReloadIntervalMinutes())
                      .build())
              .apply(
                  MapElements.via(
                      new SimpleFunction<String, TableRow>() {
                        @Override
                        public TableRow apply(String json) {
                          return BigQueryConverters.convertJsonToTableRow(json);
                        }
                      }));
    }

    udfOut.apply("Insert into Bigquery", writeToBQ.get());

    return pipeline.run();
  }

  /** Create the {@link Write} transform that outputs the collection to BigQuery. */
  @VisibleForTesting
  static Write<TableRow> writeToBQTransform(Options options) {
    return BigQueryIO.writeTableRows()
        .withSchema(parseSchema(options.getJSONPath()))
        .to(options.getOutputTable())
        .withCreateDisposition(CreateDisposition.CREATE_IF_NEEDED)
        .withWriteDisposition(WriteDisposition.WRITE_APPEND)
        .withCustomGcsTempLocation(
            StaticValueProvider.of(options.getBigQueryLoadingTemporaryDirectory()));
  }

  /** Parse BigQuery schema from a Json file. */
  private static TableSchema parseSchema(String jsonPath) {
    TableSchema tableSchema = new TableSchema();
    List<TableFieldSchema> fields = new ArrayList<>();

    JSONObject jsonSchema = parseJson(jsonPath);

    JSONArray bqSchemaJsonArray = jsonSchema.getJSONArray(BIGQUERY_SCHEMA);

    for (int i = 0; i < bqSchemaJsonArray.length(); i++) {
      JSONObject inputField = bqSchemaJsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
      fields.add(convertToTableFieldSchema(inputField));
    }
    tableSchema.setFields(fields);

    return tableSchema;
  }

  /**
   * Convert a JSONObject from the Schema JSON to a TableFieldSchema. In case of RECORD, it handles
   * it recursively.
   *
   * @param inputField Input field to convert.
   * @return TableFieldSchema instance to populate the schema.
   */
  private static TableFieldSchema convertToTableFieldSchema(JSONObject inputField) {
    TableFieldSchema field =
        new TableFieldSchema()
            .setName(inputField.getString(NAME))
            .setType(inputField.getString(TYPE));

    if (inputField.has(MODE)) {
      field.setMode(inputField.getString(MODE));
    }

    if (inputField.getString(TYPE) != null && inputField.getString(TYPE).equals(RECORD_TYPE)) {
      List<TableFieldSchema> nestedFields = new ArrayList<>();
      JSONArray fieldsArr = inputField.getJSONArray(FIELDS_ENTRY);
      for (int i = 0; i < fieldsArr.length(); i++) {
        JSONObject nestedJSON = fieldsArr.getJSONObject(i);
        nestedFields.add(convertToTableFieldSchema(nestedJSON));
      }
      field.setFields(nestedFields);
    }

    return field;
  }

  /**
   * Parses a JSON file and returns a JSONObject containing the necessary source, sink, and schema
   * information.
   *
   * @param pathToJson the JSON file location so we can download and parse it
   * @return the parsed JSONObject
   */
  private static JSONObject parseJson(String pathToJson) {
    try {
      // accessing GCS needs to be done after the pipeline create call, otherwise FileSystems
      // doesn't know about GCS.
      ReadableByteChannel readableByteChannel =
          FileSystems.open(FileSystems.matchNewResource(pathToJson, false));
      String json =
          new String(
              StreamUtils.getBytesWithoutClosing(Channels.newInputStream(readableByteChannel)),
              StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      return new JSONObject(json);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }
}

Langkah selanjutnya

Pelajari template Dataflow.
Lihat daftar template yang disediakan Google.