Known limitations

MySQL | PostgreSQL | PostgreSQL to AlloyDB

Known limitations for using a PostgreSQL database as a source include:

The pglogical extension doesn't support the replication of generated columns for PostgreSQL 12+.
Changes to table structures (DDL) aren't replicated through standard DDL commands, but only with commands executed using the pglogical extension used for replication.
- For example, pglogical provides a function pglogical.replicate_ddl_command that allows DDL to be run on both the source database and replica at a consistent point. The user running this command on the source must already exist on the replica.
- In order to replicate data for new tables, you must use the pglogical.replication_set_add_table command to add the new tables to existing replication sets.
- To learn more about DDL replication while the migration is in progress, see the section on migration fidelity.
For tables that don't have primary keys, Database Migration Service supports migration of the initial snapshot and INSERT statements during the change data capture (CDC) phase. You should migrate UPDATE and DELETE statements manually.
Database Migration Service doesn't migrate data from materialized views, just the view schema. To populate the views, run the following command: REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW view_name.
The SEQUENCE states (for example, last_value) on the new AlloyDB destination might vary from the source SEQUENCE states.
UNLOGGED and TEMPORARY tables aren't and can't be replicated.
Large Object data type isn't supported. More details in the section on migration fidelity.

Only extensions and procedural languages that AlloyDB supports for PostgreSQL can be migrated.

Database Migration Service doesn't support migrating from read replicas that are in recovery mode.
Database Migration Service doesn't support Amazon RDS sources where the AWS SCT extension pack is applied.

User-defined functions written in C can't be migrated, except for functions that are installed in the PostgreSQL database when you're installing extensions that are supported by AlloyDB.

If other extensions and procedural languages exist in the source database, or if their versions aren't supported, then when you test or start the migration job, it will fail.
Databases that are added after the migration job has started aren't migrated.

You can't select specific tables or schemas when you migrate by using Database Migration Service. Database Migration Service migrates all tables and schemas, except for the following:
- The information schema (information_schema).
- Any tables that begin with pg, for example, pg_catalog. For the full list of PostgreSQL catalogs that begin with pg, see PostgreSQL system catalogs in the PostgreSQL documentation.
- Information about users and user roles isn't migrated.

If encrypted databases require customer-managed encryption keys to decrypt the databases, and if Database Migration Service doesn't have access to the keys, then the databases can't be migrated.

However, if customer data is encrypted by the pgcrypto extension, then the data can be migrated with Database Migration Service (because AlloyDB supports the extension).

Database Migration Service also supports migrating data from encrypted Amazon Aurora or Amazon RDS databases because these databases handle decryption transparently in their services. For more information, see Encrypting Amazon Aurora resources and Encrypting Amazon RDS resources.
The destination AlloyDB database is writable during the migration to allow DDL changes to be applied if needed. Take care not to make any changes to the database configuration or table structures which might break the migration process or impact data integrity.
Trigger behavior depends on how they were configured. The default behavior is they won't trigger, but if they were configured using the ALTER EVENT TRIGGER or ALTER TABLE statement and the trigger state is set to either replica or always, then they will trigger on the replica during replication.
Functions with security definer will be created by alloydbexternalsync in AlloyDB primary. When it's executed by any users, it will be executed with the privileges of alloydbexternalsync which has alloydbsuperuser and alloydbreplica roles. It's better to restrict use of a security definer function to only some users. To do that, the user should revoke the default PUBLIC privileges and then grant execute privilege selectively.

Limitations for migrations to existing destination clusters

Your existing destination cluster must be empty or contain only system configuration data. Migrating to existing destination cluster that contain user data (such as tables) isn't supported.
You can configure only one migration job per destination cluster.
Migrating to clusters with secondary clusters isn't supported.
Migrating to clusters with read pool instances is supported.
For more information on AlloyDB for PostgreSQL clusters and instances, see AlloyDB for PostgreSQL overview.

Quotas

Up to 2,000 connection profiles and 1,000 migration jobs can exist at any given time. To create space for more, migration jobs (including completed ones) and connection profiles can be deleted.