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ID da região
O REGION_ID é um código abreviado que o Google atribui
com base na região que você selecionou ao criar o aplicativo. O código não
corresponde a um país ou estado, ainda que alguns IDs de região sejam semelhantes
aos códigos de país e estado geralmente usados. Para apps criados após
fevereiro de 2020, o REGION_ID.r está incluído nos
URLs do App Engine. Para apps existentes criados antes dessa data, o
ID da região é opcional no URL.
A API App Identity permite que um aplicativo descubra seu próprio ID, também chamado de ID do projeto. Com esse ID, um aplicativo do App Engine pode confirmar a própria identidade para outros aplicativos do App Engine e APIs do Google, assim como para aplicativos e serviços de terceiros. Ele também pode ser usado para gerar um URL ou endereço de e-mail ou para tomar uma decisão de tempo de execução.
Como conseguir o ID do projeto
O ID do projeto pode ser encontrado usando o método app_identity.get_application_id(). O ambiente WSGI ou CGI expõe alguns detalhes da implementação que são gerenciados pela API.
Como conseguir o nome do host do aplicativo
Por padrão, os aplicativos do App Engine são exibidos a partir de URLs no formato
https://PROJECT_ID.REGION_ID.r.appspot.com, em que o ID do projeto faz parte do nome do host.
Se um aplicativo é disponibilizado de um domínio personalizado, talvez seja necessário recuperar todo o componente do nome do host. Para isso, use o método app_identity.get_default_version_hostname().
Como confirmar a identidade para outros apps do App Engine
Se você quiser determinar a identidade do aplicativo do App Engine que está fazendo uma
solicitação para o aplicativo do App Engine, use o cabeçalho de solicitação
X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid. Esse cabeçalho é adicionado à solicitação pelo serviço URLFetch
e não pode ser modificado pelo usuário. Por isso, indica com segurança
o ID do projeto do aplicativo solicitante, se houver um.
Requisitos:
Somente as chamadas feitas para o domínio appspot.com do aplicativo conterão
o cabeçalho X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid. Chamadas para domínios personalizados
não contêm cabeçalho.
Suas solicitações precisam ser definidas para não seguir redirecionamentos.
Defina o parâmetro urlfetch.fetch()follow_redirects como False.
No gerenciador do aplicativo, é possível verificar o ID recebido lendo o cabeçalho X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid e comparando-o a uma lista de IDs com permissão para fazer solicitações. Exemplo:
importwebapp2classMainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):allowed_app_ids=["other-app-id","other-app-id-2"]defget(self):incoming_app_id=self.request.headers.get("X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid",None)ifincoming_app_idnotinself.allowed_app_ids:self.abort(403)self.response.write("This is a protected page.")app=webapp2.WSGIApplication([("/",MainPage)],debug=True)
Como confirmar a identidade das APIs do Google
As APIs do Google usam o protocolo OAuth 2.0 para autenticação e autorização. A
API App Identity pode criar tokens OAuth usados para confirmar que a
origem de uma solicitação é o próprio aplicativo. O método get_access_token()
retorna um token de acesso para um escopo ou uma lista de escopos. Esse token pode ser
configurado nos cabeçalhos HTTP de uma chamada para identificar o aplicativo que fez a chamada.
O exemplo a seguir mostra como usar a API App Identity para realizar a autenticação na API Cloud Storage e recuperar uma lista de todos os buckets no projeto.
importjsonimportloggingfromgoogle.appengine.apiimportapp_identityfromgoogle.appengine.apiimporturlfetchimportwebapp2classMainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):defget(self):auth_token,_=app_identity.get_access_token("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform")logging.info("Using token {} to represent identity {}".format(auth_token,app_identity.get_service_account_name()))response=urlfetch.fetch("https://www.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b?project={}".format(app_identity.get_application_id()),method=urlfetch.GET,headers={"Authorization":"Bearer {}".format(auth_token)},)ifresponse.status_code!=200:raiseException("Call failed. Status code {}. Body {}".format(response.status_code,response.content))result=json.loads(response.content)self.response.headers["Content-Type"]="application/json"self.response.write(json.dumps(result,indent=2))app=webapp2.WSGIApplication([("/",MainPage)],debug=True)
A identidade do aplicativo é representada pelo nome da conta de serviço, que normalmente é applicationid@appspot.gserviceaccount.com. Você pode receber o valor exato usando o método get_service_account_name().
Para conceder acesso ao aplicativo nos serviços que oferecem ACLs, basta conceder acesso à esta conta.
Como afirmar a identidade para serviços de terceiros
O token gerado por get_access_token()
só funciona nos serviços do Google. No entanto, é possível usar a tecnologia de assinatura subjacente para confirmar a identidade do seu aplicativo a outros serviços. O método sign_blob()
assina bytes usando uma chave privada exclusiva do seu aplicativo, e o método get_public_certificates()
retornará certificados que podem ser usados para validar a assinatura.
Veja um exemplo que mostra como assinar um blob e validar sua assinatura:
importbase64fromCrypto.HashimportSHA256fromCrypto.PublicKeyimportRSAfromCrypto.SignatureimportPKCS1_v1_5fromCrypto.Util.asn1importDerSequencefromgoogle.appengine.apiimportapp_identityimportwebapp2defverify_signature(data,signature,x509_certificate):"""Verifies a signature using the given x.509 public key certificate."""# PyCrypto 2.6 doesn't support x.509 certificates directly, so we'll need# to extract the public key from it manually.# This code is based on https://github.com/google/oauth2client/blob/master# /oauth2client/_pycrypto_crypt.pypem_lines=x509_certificate.replace(b" ",b"").split()cert_der=base64.urlsafe_b64decode(b"".join(pem_lines[1:-1]))cert_seq=DerSequence()cert_seq.decode(cert_der)tbs_seq=DerSequence()tbs_seq.decode(cert_seq[0])public_key=RSA.importKey(tbs_seq[6])signer=PKCS1_v1_5.new(public_key)digest=SHA256.new(data)returnsigner.verify(digest,signature)defverify_signed_by_app(data,signature):"""Checks the signature and data against all currently valid certificates for the application."""public_certificates=app_identity.get_public_certificates()forcertinpublic_certificates:ifverify_signature(data,signature,cert.x509_certificate_pem):returnTruereturnFalseclassMainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):defget(self):message="Hello, world!"signing_key_name,signature=app_identity.sign_blob(message)verified=verify_signed_by_app(message,signature)self.response.content_type="text/plain"self.response.write("Message: {}\n".format(message))self.response.write("Signature: {}\n".format(base64.b64encode(signature)))self.response.write("Verified: {}\n".format(verified))app=webapp2.WSGIApplication([("/",MainPage)],debug=True)
Como encontrar o nome padrão do bucket do Cloud Storage
[[["Fácil de entender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Meu problema foi resolvido","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Outro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Difícil de entender","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Informações incorretas ou exemplo de código","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Não contém as informações/amostras de que eu preciso","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problema na tradução","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Outro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última atualização 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003eREGION_ID\u003c/code\u003e is a Google-assigned code based on the region selected during app creation, included in App Engine URLs for apps created after February 2020, but it does not directly correspond to specific countries or provinces.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe App Identity API allows applications to find their project ID, which can be used for identity assertion with other App Engine apps, Google APIs, or third-party services, as well as generating URLs or email addresses.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eApp Engine apps can verify the identity of another App Engine app making a request by checking the \u003ccode\u003eX-Appengine-Inbound-Appid\u003c/code\u003e header, but this is only available for calls to the \u003ccode\u003eappspot.com\u003c/code\u003e domain and requires disabling redirects.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe App Identity API's \u003ccode\u003eget_access_token()\u003c/code\u003e method generates OAuth 2.0 tokens for authentication with Google APIs, while the \u003ccode\u003esign_blob()\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eget_public_certificates()\u003c/code\u003e methods allow identity assertion with non-Google services through unique application-specific key signing.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eEach application has access to a default Cloud Storage bucket that includes free storage and I/O quota, the name of which can be retrieved via the \u003ccode\u003eget_default_gcs_bucket_name\u003c/code\u003e method.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# App Identity API for legacy bundled services\n\n### Region ID\n\nThe \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eREGION_ID\u003c/var\u003e is an abbreviated code that Google assigns\nbased on the region you select when you create your app. The code does not\ncorrespond to a country or province, even though some region IDs may appear\nsimilar to commonly used country and province codes. For apps created after\nFebruary 2020, \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eREGION_ID\u003c/var\u003e`.r` is included in\nApp Engine URLs. For existing apps created before this date, the\nregion ID is optional in the URL.\n\nLearn more\n[about region IDs](/appengine/docs/legacy/standard/python/how-requests-are-routed#region-id). \nOK\n\nThe App Identity API lets an application discover its application ID (also\ncalled the [project ID](https://support.google.com/cloud/answer/6158840)). Using\nthe ID, an App Engine application can assert its identity to other App Engine\nApps, Google APIs, and third-party applications and services. The\napplication ID can also be used to generate a URL or email address, or to make\na run-time decision.\n| This API is supported for first-generation runtimes and can be used when [upgrading to corresponding second-generation runtimes](/appengine/docs/standard/\n| python3\n|\n| /services/access). If you are updating to the App Engine Python 3 runtime, refer to the [migration guide](/appengine/migration-center/standard/migrate-to-second-gen/python-differences) to learn about your migration options for legacy bundled services.\n\nGetting the project ID\n----------------------\n\nThe project ID can be found using the\n\n\n`app_identity.get_application_id()`method. The WSGI or CGI environment exposes\nsome implementation details, which are handled by the API.\n\n\nGetting the application hostname\n--------------------------------\n\nBy default, App Engine apps are served from URLs in the form\n\n`https://`\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003ePROJECT_ID\u003c/var\u003e`.`\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#appengine-urls\" style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #999\" class=\"devsite-dialog-button\" data-modal-dialog-id=\"regional_url\" track-type=\"progressiveHelp\" track-name=\"modalHelp\" track-metadata-goal=\"regionalURL\"\u003eREGION_ID\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/var\u003e`.r.appspot.com`, where the project ID is part of the hostname.\nIf an app is served from a custom domain, it may be necessary to retrieve the\nentire hostname component. You can do this using the `app_identity.get_default_version_hostname()` method.\n\nAsserting identity to other App Engine apps\n-------------------------------------------\n\nIf you want to determine the identity of the App Engine app that is making a\nrequest to your App Engine app, you can use the request header\n`X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid`. This header is added to the request by the URLFetch\nservice and is not user modifiable, so it safely indicates the requesting\napplication's project ID, if present.\n\n**Requirements**:\n\n- Only calls made to your app's `appspot.com` domain will contain the `X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid` header. Calls to custom domains do not contain the header.\n- Your requests must be set to not follow redirects. Set the `urlfetch.fetch()` [`follow_redirects`](/appengine/docs/legacy/standard/python/refdocs/google.appengine.api.urlfetch#google.appengine.api.urlfetch.fetch) parameter to `False`.\n\nIn your application handler, you can check the incoming ID by reading the\n`X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid` header and comparing it to a list of IDs allowed\nto make requests. For example: \n\n import webapp2\n\n\n class MainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):\n allowed_app_ids = [\"other-app-id\", \"other-app-id-2\"]\n\n def get(self):\n incoming_app_id = self.request.headers.get(\"X-Appengine-Inbound-Appid\", None)\n\n if incoming_app_id not in self.allowed_app_ids:\n self.abort(403)\n\n self.response.write(\"This is a protected page.\")\n\n\n app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([(\"/\", MainPage)], debug=True)\n\nAsserting identity to Google APIs\n---------------------------------\n\nGoogle APIs use the OAuth 2.0 protocol for [authentication and\nauthorization](https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/OAuth2). The\nApp Identity API can create OAuth tokens that can be used to assert that the\nsource of a request is the application itself. The `get_access_token()` method\nreturns an access token for a scope, or list of scopes. This token can then be\nset in the HTTP headers of a call to identify the calling application.\nThe following example shows how to use the App Identity API to authenticate to the Cloud Storage API and retrieve and list of all buckets in the project. **Note:** the [Google API Client Libraries](https://developers.google.com/discovery/libraries) can also manage much of this for you automatically. \n\n import json\n import logging\n\n from google.appengine.api import app_identity\n from google.appengine.api import urlfetch\n import webapp2\n\n\n class MainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):\n def get(self):\n auth_token, _ = app_identity.get_access_token(\n \"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform\"\n )\n logging.info(\n \"Using token {} to represent identity {}\".format(\n auth_token, app_identity.get_service_account_name()\n )\n )\n\n response = urlfetch.fetch(\n \"https://www.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b?project={}\".format(\n app_identity.get_application_id()\n ),\n method=urlfetch.GET,\n headers={\"Authorization\": \"Bearer {}\".format(auth_token)},\n )\n\n if response.status_code != 200:\n raise Exception(\n \"Call failed. Status code {}. Body {}\".format(\n response.status_code, response.content\n )\n )\n\n result = json.loads(response.content)\n self.response.headers[\"Content-Type\"] = \"application/json\"\n self.response.write(json.dumps(result, indent=2))\n\n\n app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([(\"/\", MainPage)], debug=True)\n\nNote that the application's identity is represented by the service account name, which is typically *applicationid@appspot.gserviceaccount.com* . You can get the exact value by using the `get_service_account_name()` method.\nFor services which offer ACLs, you can grant the application access by granting this account access.\n\nAsserting identity to third-party services\n------------------------------------------\n\nThe token generated by `get_access_token()`\nonly works against Google services. However you can use the underlying signing technology to assert the identity of your application to other services. The `sign_blob()` method\nwill sign bytes using a private key unique to your application, and the `get_public_certificates()` method\nwill return certificates which can be used to validate the signature.\n| **Note:** The certificates may be rotated from time to time, and the method may return multiple certificates. Only certificates that are currently valid are returned; if you store signed messages you will need additional key management in order to verify signatures later.\nHere is an example showing how to sign a blob and validate its signature: \n\n\n import base64\n\n from Crypto.Hash import SHA256\n from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA\n from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5\n from Crypto.Util.asn1 import DerSequence\n from google.appengine.api import app_identity\n import webapp2\n\n\n def verify_signature(data, signature, x509_certificate):\n \"\"\"Verifies a signature using the given x.509 public key certificate.\"\"\"\n\n # PyCrypto 2.6 doesn't support x.509 certificates directly, so we'll need\n # to extract the public key from it manually.\n # This code is based on https://github.com/google/oauth2client/blob/master\n # /oauth2client/_pycrypto_crypt.py\n pem_lines = x509_certificate.replace(b\" \", b\"\").split()\n cert_der = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(b\"\".join(pem_lines[1:-1]))\n cert_seq = DerSequence()\n cert_seq.decode(cert_der)\n tbs_seq = DerSequence()\n tbs_seq.decode(cert_seq[0])\n public_key = RSA.importKey(tbs_seq[6])\n\n signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(public_key)\n digest = SHA256.new(data)\n\n return signer.verify(digest, signature)\n\n\n def verify_signed_by_app(data, signature):\n \"\"\"Checks the signature and data against all currently valid certificates\n for the application.\"\"\"\n public_certificates = app_identity.get_public_certificates()\n\n for cert in public_certificates:\n if verify_signature(data, signature, cert.x509_certificate_pem):\n return True\n\n return False\n\n\n class MainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):\n def get(self):\n message = \"Hello, world!\"\n signing_key_name, signature = app_identity.sign_blob(message)\n verified = verify_signed_by_app(message, signature)\n\n self.response.content_type = \"text/plain\"\n self.response.write(\"Message: {}\\n\".format(message))\n self.response.write(\"Signature: {}\\n\".format(base64.b64encode(signature)))\n self.response.write(\"Verified: {}\\n\".format(verified))\n\n\n app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([(\"/\", MainPage)], debug=True)\n\nGetting the default Cloud Storage Bucket name\n---------------------------------------------\n\nEach application can have one default Cloud Storage bucket, which\nincludes\n[5GB of free storage and a free quota for I/O operations](/appengine/docs/quotas#Default_Gcs_Bucket).\n\nTo get the name of the default bucket,\n\nyou can use the App Identity API. Call\n[google.appengine.api.app_identity.app_identity.get_default_gcs_bucket_name](/appengine/docs/legacy/standard/python/refdocs/google.appengine.api.app_identity.app_identity)."]]