向 Cloud Tasks 队列添加 HTTP 目标任务

本快速入门介绍如何使用 Cloud Tasks API 向 Cloud Tasks 队列添加 HTTP 目标任务

准备工作

  1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.
  2. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  3. If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  4. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

    gcloud init
  5. Create or select a Google Cloud project.

    • Create a Google Cloud project:

      gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

    • Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

      gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

  6. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  7. Enable the Cloud Tasks API:

    gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com
  8. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

    gcloud auth application-default login

    You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  9. Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer

    gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE
    • Replace PROJECT_ID with your project ID.
    • Replace USER_IDENTIFIER with the identifier for your user account. For example, user:myemail@example.com.

    • Replace ROLE with each individual role.
  10. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  11. If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  12. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

    gcloud init
  13. Create or select a Google Cloud project.

    • Create a Google Cloud project:

      gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

    • Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

      gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

  14. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  15. Enable the Cloud Tasks API:

    gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com
  16. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

    gcloud auth application-default login

    You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  17. Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer

    gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE
    • Replace PROJECT_ID with your project ID.
    • Replace USER_IDENTIFIER with the identifier for your user account. For example, user:myemail@example.com.

    • Replace ROLE with each individual role.

创建 Cloud Tasks 队列

使用 gcloud tasks queues create 命令创建队列。

  1. 在终端中,创建一个记录所有操作的队列。

    gcloud tasks queues create QUEUE_NAME \
        --log-sampling-ratio=1.0 \
        --location=REGION
    

    替换以下内容:

    • QUEUE_NAME:Cloud Tasks 队列的名称
    • REGION:部署服务或应用的受支持的区域
  2. 等待队列初始化,然后验证队列是否已成功创建。

    gcloud tasks queues describe QUEUE_NAME \
        --location=REGION
    

    输出应类似如下所示:

     name: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION_ID/queues/QUEUE_NAME
     rateLimits:
       maxBurstSize: 100
       maxConcurrentDispatches: 1000
       maxDispatchesPerSecond: 500.0
     retryConfig:
       maxAttempts: 100
       maxBackoff: 3600s
       maxDoublings: 16
       minBackoff: 0.100s
     state: RUNNING
    

向 Cloud Tasks 队列添加任务

使用 gcloud tasks create-http-task 命令创建以 HTTP 端点为目标的任务,并将该任务添加到队列中。

  1. 创建任务,将其添加到您创建的队列,然后将该任务交付给 HTTP 端点。

    gcloud tasks create-http-task \
        --queue=QUEUE_NAME \
        --url=URL_PATH \
        --method=GET \
        --location=REGION \
        --project=PROJECT_ID
    

    URL_PATH 替换为请求将发送到的完整网址路径。例如 https://www.google.com

    路径必须以 http://https:// 开头。

  2. 通过读取日志验证任务是否已成功执行。

    gcloud logging read --limit=3
    

    日志应如下所示:

    jsonPayload:
    '@type': type.googleapis.com/google.cloud.tasks.logging.v1.TaskActivityLog
    task: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/REGION/queues/QUEUE_NAME/tasks/TASK_ID
    taskCreationLog:
       scheduleTime: '2024-07-04T19:00:27.801837Z'
       status: OK
       targetAddress: GET https://www.google.com/
       targetType: HTTP
    

清理

为避免因本页面中使用的资源导致您的 Google Cloud 账号产生费用,请删除包含这些资源的 Google Cloud 项目。

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

或者,您也可以删除 Cloud Tasks 队列:

gcloud tasks queues delete QUEUE_NAME \
    --location=REGION

后续步骤