Gestisci l'accesso ai secret

Questo argomento mostra come gestire l'accesso a un secret, incluso il materiale segreto. Per saperne di più sui controlli dell'accesso e sulle autorizzazioni, consulta la documentazione IAM di Secret Manager.

Importante: per utilizzare Secret Manager con carichi di lavoro in esecuzione su Compute Engine o Google Kubernetes Engine, l'istanza o il nodo sottostante deve avere l'ambito OAuth cloud-platform. Per saperne di più, consulta la sezione sull'accesso all'API Secret Manager.

Ruoli obbligatori

Per gestire l'accesso a un secret è necessario il ruolo Amministratore di Secret Manager (roles/secretmanager.admin) nel secret, nel progetto, nella cartella o nell'organizzazione.

Concedi l'accesso

Console

Vai alla pagina Secret Manager nella console Google Cloud.

Vai alla pagina di Secret Manager
Nella pagina Secret Manager, fai clic sulla casella di controllo accanto al nome del secret.
Se non è già aperto, fai clic su Mostra riquadro informazioni per aprirlo.
Nel riquadro delle informazioni, fai clic su Aggiungi entità.
Nell'area di testo Nuove entità, inserisci gli indirizzi email dei membri da aggiungere.
Nel menu a discesa Seleziona un ruolo, scegli Secret Manager e poi Funzione di accesso ai secret di Secret Manager.

gcloud

Per utilizzare Secret Manager nella riga di comando, devi prima installare Google Cloud CLI o eseguirne l'upgrade alla versione 378.0.0 o successiva. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

$ gcloud secrets add-iam-policy-binding secret-id \
    --member="member" \
    --role="roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor"

Dove member è un membro IAM, ad esempio un utente, un gruppo o un account di servizio.

C#

Per eseguire questo codice, prima configura un ambiente di sviluppo C# e installa l'SDK C# di Secret Manager. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.


using Google.Cloud.SecretManager.V1;
using Google.Cloud.Iam.V1;

public class IamGrantAccessSample
{
    public Policy IamGrantAccess(
      string projectId = "my-project", string secretId = "my-secret",
      string member = "user:foo@example.com")
    {
        // Create the client.
        SecretManagerServiceClient client = SecretManagerServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the resource name.
        SecretName secretName = new SecretName(projectId, secretId);

        // Get current policy.
        Policy policy = client.GetIamPolicy(new GetIamPolicyRequest
        {
            ResourceAsResourceName = secretName,
        });

        // Add the user to the list of bindings.
        policy.AddRoleMember("roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor", member);

        // Save the updated policy.
        policy = client.SetIamPolicy(new SetIamPolicyRequest
        {
            ResourceAsResourceName = secretName,
            Policy = policy,
        });
        return policy;
    }
}

Go

Per eseguire questo codice, devi prima configurare un ambiente di sviluppo Go e installare l'SDK Secret Manager Go. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	secretmanager "cloud.google.com/go/secretmanager/apiv1"
)

// iamGrantAccess grants the given member access to the secret.
func iamGrantAccess(w io.Writer, name, member string) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/secrets/my-secret"
	// member := "user:foo@example.com"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := secretmanager.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create secretmanager client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Get the current IAM policy.
	handle := client.IAM(name)
	policy, err := handle.Policy(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get policy: %w", err)
	}

	// Grant the member access permissions.
	policy.Add(member, "roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor")
	if err = handle.SetPolicy(ctx, policy); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save policy: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated IAM policy for %s\n", name)
	return nil
}

Java

Per eseguire questo codice, devi prima configurare un ambiente di sviluppo Java e installare l'SDK Java di Secret Manager. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.SecretManagerServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.SecretName;
import com.google.iam.v1.Binding;
import com.google.iam.v1.GetIamPolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v1.Policy;
import com.google.iam.v1.SetIamPolicyRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

public class IamGrantAccess {

  public static void iamGrantAccess() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String secretId = "your-secret-id";
    String member = "user:foo@example.com";
    iamGrantAccess(projectId, secretId, member);
  }

  // Grant a member access to a particular secret.
  public static void iamGrantAccess(String projectId, String secretId, String member)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
    // the "close" method on the client to safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (SecretManagerServiceClient client = SecretManagerServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the name from the version.
      SecretName secretName = SecretName.of(projectId, secretId);

      // Request the current IAM policy.
      Policy currentPolicy =
          client.getIamPolicy(
              GetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder().setResource(secretName.toString()).build());

      // Build the new binding.
      Binding binding =
          Binding.newBuilder()
              .setRole("roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor")
              .addMembers(member)
              .build();

      // Create a new IAM policy from the current policy, adding the binding.
      Policy newPolicy = Policy.newBuilder().mergeFrom(currentPolicy).addBindings(binding).build();

      // Save the updated IAM policy.
      client.setIamPolicy(
          SetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder()
              .setResource(secretName.toString())
              .setPolicy(newPolicy)
              .build());

      System.out.printf("Updated IAM policy for %s\n", secretId);
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Per eseguire questo codice, prima configura un ambiente di sviluppo Node.js e installa l'SDK Node.js di Secret Manager. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const name = 'projects/my-project/secrets/my-secret';
// const member = 'user:you@example.com';
//
// NOTE: Each member must be prefixed with its type. See the IAM documentation
// for more information: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/overview.

// Imports the Secret Manager library
const {SecretManagerServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/secret-manager');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new SecretManagerServiceClient();

async function grantAccess() {
  // Get the current IAM policy.
  const [policy] = await client.getIamPolicy({
    resource: name,
  });

  // Add the user with accessor permissions to the bindings list.
  policy.bindings.push({
    role: 'roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor',
    members: [member],
  });

  // Save the updated IAM policy.
  await client.setIamPolicy({
    resource: name,
    policy: policy,
  });

  console.log(`Updated IAM policy for ${name}`);
}

grantAccess();

PHP

Per eseguire questo codice, scopri prima di tutto come utilizzare PHP su Google Cloud e installare l'SDK PHP di Secret Manager. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

// Import the Secret Manager client library.
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\Client\SecretManagerServiceClient;

// Import the Secret Manager IAM library.
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\Binding;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\GetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\SetIamPolicyRequest;

/**
 * @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud Project ID (e.g. 'my-project')
 * @param string $secretId  Your secret ID (e.g. 'my-secret')
 * @param string $member Your member (e.g. 'user:foo@example.com')
 */
function iam_grant_access(string $projectId, string $secretId, string $member): void
{
    // Create the Secret Manager client.
    $client = new SecretManagerServiceClient();

    // Build the resource name of the secret.
    $name = $client->secretName($projectId, $secretId);

    // Get the current IAM policy.
    $policy = $client->getIamPolicy((new GetIamPolicyRequest)->setResource($name));

    // Update the bindings to include the new member.
    $bindings = $policy->getBindings();
    $bindings[] = new Binding([
        'members' => [$member],
        'role' => 'roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor',
    ]);
    $policy->setBindings($bindings);

    // Build the request.
    $request = (new SetIamPolicyRequest)
        ->setResource($name)
        ->setPolicy($policy);

    // Save the updated policy to the server.
    $client->setIamPolicy($request);

    // Print out a success message.
    printf('Updated IAM policy for %s', $secretId);
}

Python

Per eseguire questo codice, prima configura un ambiente di sviluppo Python e installa l'SDK Python di Secret Manager. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

def iam_grant_access(
    project_id: str, secret_id: str, member: str
) -> iam_policy_pb2.SetIamPolicyRequest:
    """
    Grant the given member access to a secret.
    """

    # Import the Secret Manager client library.
    from google.cloud import secretmanager

    # Create the Secret Manager client.
    client = secretmanager.SecretManagerServiceClient()

    # Build the resource name of the secret.
    name = client.secret_path(project_id, secret_id)

    # Get the current IAM policy.
    policy = client.get_iam_policy(request={"resource": name})

    # Add the given member with access permissions.
    policy.bindings.add(role="roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor", members=[member])

    # Update the IAM Policy.
    new_policy = client.set_iam_policy(request={"resource": name, "policy": policy})

    # Print data about the secret.
    print(f"Updated IAM policy on {secret_id}")

Ruby

Per eseguire questo codice, devi prima configurare un ambiente di sviluppo Ruby e poi installare l'SDK Ruby di Secret Manager. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

# project_id = "YOUR-GOOGLE-CLOUD-PROJECT"  # (e.g. "my-project")
# secret_id  = "YOUR-SECRET-ID"             # (e.g. "my-secret")
# member     = "USER-OR-ACCOUNT"            # (e.g. "user:foo@example.com")

# Require the Secret Manager client library.
require "google/cloud/secret_manager"

# Create a Secret Manager client.
client = Google::Cloud::SecretManager.secret_manager_service

# Build the resource name of the secret.
name = client.secret_path project: project_id, secret: secret_id

# Get the current IAM policy.
policy = client.get_iam_policy resource: name

# Add new member to current bindings
policy.bindings << Google::Iam::V1::Binding.new(
  members: [member],
  role:    "roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor"
)

# Update IAM policy
new_policy = client.set_iam_policy resource: name, policy: policy

# Print a success message.
puts "Updated IAM policy for #{secret_id}"

API

In questi esempi viene utilizzato curl per dimostrare l'utilizzo dell'API. Puoi generare token di accesso con gcloud auth print-access-token. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.

Nota: a differenza degli altri esempi, sostituisce l'intero criterio IAM.

$ curl "https://secretmanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/secrets/secret-id:setIamPolicy" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data "{\"policy\": {\"bindings\": [{\"members\": [\"member\"], \"role\": \"roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor\"}]}}"

Revoca l'accesso

Console

Vai alla pagina Secret Manager nella console Google Cloud.

Vai alla pagina di Secret Manager
Nella pagina Secret Manager, fai clic sulla casella di controllo accanto al nome del secret.
Se non è già aperto, fai clic su Mostra riquadro informazioni per aprirlo.
Nel riquadro delle informazioni, espandi la funzione di accesso ai secret di Secret Manager.
Fai clic sull'icona del cestino accanto all'elemento per cui desideri revocare l'accesso.
Nella finestra popup, conferma e fai clic su Rimuovi.

gcloud

$ gcloud secrets remove-iam-policy-binding secret-id \
    --member="member" \
    --role="roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor"

Dove member è un membro IAM, ad esempio un utente, un gruppo o un account di servizio.

C#

Per eseguire questo codice, prima configura un ambiente di sviluppo C# e installa l'SDK C# di Secret Manager. In Compute Engine o GKE, devi eseguire l'autenticazione con l'ambito cloud-platform.


using Google.Cloud.SecretManager.V1;
using Google.Cloud.Iam.V1;

public class IamRevokeAccessSample
{
    public Policy IamRevokeAccess(
      string projectId = "my-project", string secretId = "my-secret",
      string member = "user:foo@example.com")
    {
        // Create the client.
        SecretManagerServiceClient client = SecretManagerServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the resource name.
        SecretName secretName = new SecretName(projectId, secretId);

        // Get current policy.
        Policy policy = client.GetIamPolicy(new GetIamPolicyRequest
        {
            ResourceAsResourceName = secretName,
        });

        // Remove the user to the list of bindings.
        policy.RemoveRoleMember("roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor", member);

        // Save the updated policy.
        policy = client.SetIamPolicy(new SetIamPolicyRequest
        {
            ResourceAsResourceName = secretName,
            Policy = policy,
        });
        return policy;
    }
}

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	secretmanager "cloud.google.com/go/secretmanager/apiv1"
)

// iamRevokeAccess revokes the given member's access on the secret.
func iamRevokeAccess(w io.Writer, name, member string) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/secrets/my-secret"
	// member := "user:foo@example.com"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := secretmanager.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create secretmanager client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Get the current IAM policy.
	handle := client.IAM(name)
	policy, err := handle.Policy(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get policy: %w", err)
	}

	// Grant the member access permissions.
	policy.Remove(member, "roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor")
	if err = handle.SetPolicy(ctx, policy); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save policy: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated IAM policy for %s\n", name)
	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.SecretManagerServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.SecretName;
import com.google.iam.v1.Binding;
import com.google.iam.v1.GetIamPolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v1.Policy;
import com.google.iam.v1.SetIamPolicyRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

public class IamRevokeAccess {

  public static void iamRevokeAccess() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String secretId = "your-secret-id";
    String member = "user:foo@example.com";
    iamRevokeAccess(projectId, secretId, member);
  }

  // Revoke a member access to a particular secret.
  public static void iamRevokeAccess(String projectId, String secretId, String member)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
    // the "close" method on the client to safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (SecretManagerServiceClient client = SecretManagerServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the name from the version.
      SecretName secretName = SecretName.of(projectId, secretId);

      // Request the current IAM policy.
      Policy policy =
          client.getIamPolicy(
              GetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder().setResource(secretName.toString()).build());

      // Search through bindings and remove matches.
      String roleToFind = "roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor";
      for (Binding binding : policy.getBindingsList()) {
        if (binding.getRole() == roleToFind && binding.getMembersList().contains(member)) {
          binding.getMembersList().remove(member);
        }
      }

      // Save the updated IAM policy.
      client.setIamPolicy(
          SetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder()
              .setResource(secretName.toString())
              .setPolicy(policy)
              .build());

      System.out.printf("Updated IAM policy for %s\n", secretId);
    }
  }
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const name = 'projects/my-project/secrets/my-secret';
// const member = 'user:you@example.com';
//
// NOTE: Each member must be prefixed with its type. See the IAM documentation
// for more information: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/overview.

// Imports the Secret Manager library
const {SecretManagerServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/secret-manager');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new SecretManagerServiceClient();

async function grantAccess() {
  // Get the current IAM policy.
  const [policy] = await client.getIamPolicy({
    resource: name,
  });

  // Build a new list of policy bindings with the user excluded.
  for (const i in policy.bindings) {
    const binding = policy.bindings[i];
    if (binding.role !== 'roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor') {
      continue;
    }

    const idx = binding.members.indexOf(member);
    if (idx !== -1) {
      binding.members.splice(idx, 1);
    }
  }

  // Save the updated IAM policy.
  await client.setIamPolicy({
    resource: name,
    policy: policy,
  });

  console.log(`Updated IAM policy for ${name}`);
}

grantAccess();

PHP

// Import the Secret Manager client library.
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\Client\SecretManagerServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\GetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\SetIamPolicyRequest;

/**
 * @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud Project ID (e.g. 'my-project')
 * @param string $secretId  Your secret ID (e.g. 'my-secret')
 * @param string $member Your member (e.g. 'user:foo@example.com')
 */
function iam_revoke_access(string $projectId, string $secretId, string $member): void
{
    // Create the Secret Manager client.
    $client = new SecretManagerServiceClient();

    // Build the resource name of the secret.
    $name = $client->secretName($projectId, $secretId);

    // Get the current IAM policy.
    $policy = $client->getIamPolicy((new GetIamPolicyRequest)->setResource($name));

    // Remove the member from the list of bindings.
    foreach ($policy->getBindings() as $binding) {
        if ($binding->getRole() == 'roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor') {
            $members = $binding->getMembers();
            foreach ($members as $i => $existingMember) {
                if ($member == $existingMember) {
                    unset($members[$i]);
                    $binding->setMembers($members);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Build the request.
    $request = (new SetIamPolicyRequest)
        ->setResource($name)
        ->setPolicy($policy);

    // Save the updated policy to the server.
    $client->setIamPolicy($request);

    // Print out a success message.
    printf('Updated IAM policy for %s', $secretId);
}

Python

def iam_revoke_access(
    project_id: str, secret_id: str, member: str
) -> iam_policy_pb2.SetIamPolicyRequest:
    """
    Revoke the given member access to a secret.
    """

    # Import the Secret Manager client library.
    from google.cloud import secretmanager

    # Create the Secret Manager client.
    client = secretmanager.SecretManagerServiceClient()

    # Build the resource name of the secret.
    name = client.secret_path(project_id, secret_id)

    # Get the current IAM policy.
    policy = client.get_iam_policy(request={"resource": name})

    # Remove the given member's access permissions.
    accessRole = "roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor"
    for b in list(policy.bindings):
        if b.role == accessRole and member in b.members:
            b.members.remove(member)

    # Update the IAM Policy.
    new_policy = client.set_iam_policy(request={"resource": name, "policy": policy})

    # Print data about the secret.
    print(f"Updated IAM policy on {secret_id}")

Ruby

# project_id = "YOUR-GOOGLE-CLOUD-PROJECT"  # (e.g. "my-project")
# secret_id  = "YOUR-SECRET-ID"             # (e.g. "my-secret")
# member     = "USER-OR-ACCOUNT"            # (e.g. "user:foo@example.com")

# Require the Secret Manager client library.
require "google/cloud/secret_manager"

# Create a Secret Manager client.
client = Google::Cloud::SecretManager.secret_manager_service

# Build the resource name of the secret.
name = client.secret_path project: project_id, secret: secret_id

# Get the current IAM policy.
policy = client.get_iam_policy resource: name

# Remove the member from the current bindings
policy.bindings.each do |bind|
  if bind.role == "roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor"
    bind.members.delete member
  end
end

# Update IAM policy
new_policy = client.set_iam_policy resource: name, policy: policy

# Print a success message.
puts "Updated IAM policy for #{secret_id}"

API

Nota: a differenza degli altri esempi, sostituisce l'intero criterio IAM.

$ curl "https://secretmanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/secrets/secret-id:setIamPolicy" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data "{\"policy\": {\"bindings\": []}}"

Passaggi successivi

Scopri come impostare una data di scadenza per un secret.
Scopri come configurare la pianificazione della rotazione per i secret.
Scopri come configurare le notifiche su un secret.