Package cloud.google.com/go/bigquery/storage/managedwriter (v1.36.0)

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Note: To get more information about this package, such as access to older versions, view this package on pkg.go.dev.

Package managedwriter provides an EXPERIMENTAL thick client around the BigQuery storage API's BigQueryWriteClient. More information about this new write client may also be found in the public documentation: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/write-api

It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice. This is primarily to signal that this package may still make breaking changes to existing methods and functionality.

Currently, this client targets the BigQueryWriteClient present in the v1 endpoint, and is intended as a more feature-rich successor to the classic BigQuery streaming interface, which is presented as the Inserter abstraction in cloud.google.com/go/bigquery, and the tabledata.insertAll method if you're more familiar with the BigQuery v2 REST methods.

Creating a Client

To start working with this package, create a client:

ctx := context.Background()
client, err := managedwriter.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
if err != nil {
    // TODO: Handle error.
}

Defining the Protocol Buffer Schema

The write functionality of BigQuery Storage requires data to be sent using encoded protocol buffer messages using proto2 wire format. As the protocol buffer is not self-describing, you will need to provide the protocol buffer schema. This is communicated using a DescriptorProto message, defined within the protocol buffer libraries: https://pkg.go.dev/google.golang.org/protobuf/types/descriptorpb#DescriptorProto

More information about protocol buffers can be found in the proto2 language guide: https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto

Details about data type conversions between BigQuery and protocol buffers can be found in the public documentation: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/write-api#data_type_conversions

For cases where the protocol buffer is compiled from a static ".proto" definition, this process is straightforward. Instantiate an example message, then convert the descriptor into a descriptor proto:

m := &myprotopackage.MyCompiledMessage{}
descriptorProto := protodesc.ToDescriptorProto(m.ProtoReflect().Descriptor())

If the message uses advanced protocol buffer features like nested messages/groups, or enums, the cloud.google.com/go/bigquery/storage/managedwriter/adapt subpackage contains functionality to normalize the descriptor into a self-contained definition:

m := &myprotopackage.MyCompiledMessage{}
descriptorProto, err := adapt.NormalizeDescriptor(m.ProtoReflect().Descriptor())
if err != nil {
    // TODO: Handle error.
}

The adapt subpackage also contains functionality for generating a DescriptorProto using a BigQuery table's schema directly.

Constructing a ManagedStream

The ManagedStream handles management of the underlying write connection to the BigQuery Storage service. You can either create a write session explicitly and pass it in, or create the write stream while setting up the ManagedStream.

It's easiest to register the protocol buffer descriptor you'll be using to send data when setting up the managed stream using the WithSchemaDescriptor option, though you can also set/change the schema as part of an append request once the ManagedStream is created.

// Create a ManagedStream using an explicit stream identifer, either a default
// stream or one explicitly created by CreateWriteStream.
managedStream, err := client.NewManagedStream(ctx,
    WithStreamName(streamName),
    WithSchemaDescriptor(descriptorProto))
if err != nil {
    // TODO: Handle error.
}

In addition, NewManagedStream can create new streams implicitly:

// Alternately, allow the ManagedStream to handle stream construction by supplying
// additional options.
tableName := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/datasets/%s/tables/%s", myProject, myDataset, myTable)
manageStream, err := client.NewManagedStream(ctx,
    WithDestinationTable(tableName),
    WithType(managedwriter.BufferedStream),
    WithSchemaDescriptor(descriptorProto))
if err != nil {
    // TODO: Handle error.
}

Writing Data

Use the AppendRows function to write one or more serialized proto messages to a stream. You can choose to specify an offset in the stream to handle de-duplication for user-created streams, but a "default" stream neither accepts nor reports offsets.

AppendRows returns a future-like object that blocks until the write is successful or yields an error.

   // Define a couple of messages.
    mesgs := []*myprotopackage.MyCompiledMessage{
        {
            UserName: proto.String("johndoe"),
            EmailAddress: proto.String("[e-mail]",
            FavoriteNumbers: []proto.Int64{1,42,12345},
        },
        {
            UserName: proto.String("janesmith"),
            EmailAddress: proto.String("[e-mail]",
            FavoriteNumbers: []proto.Int64{1,3,5,7,9},
        },
    }

    // Encode the messages into binary format.
    encoded := make([][]byte, len(mesgs))
    for k, v := range mesgs{
        b, err := proto.Marshal(v)
        if err != nil {
            // TODO: Handle error.
        }
        encoded[k] = b
    }

    // Send the rows to the service, and specify an offset for managing deduplication.
    result, err := managedStream.AppendRows(ctx, encoded, WithOffset(0))

    // Block until the write is complete and return the result.
    returnedOffset, err := result.GetResult(ctx)
    if err != nil {
        // TODO: Handle error.
    }

Buffered Stream Management

For Buffered streams, users control when data is made visible in the destination table/stream independently of when it is written. Use FlushRows on the ManagedStream to advance the flush point ahead in the stream.

// We've written 1500+ rows in the stream, and want to advance the flush point
// ahead to make the first 1000 rows available.
flushOffset, err := managedStream.FlushRows(ctx, 1000)

Pending Stream Management

Pending streams allow users to commit data from multiple streams together once the streams have been finalized, meaning they'll no longer allow further data writes.

// First, finalize the stream we're writing into.
totalRows, err := managedStream.Finalize(ctx)
if err != nil {
    // TODO: Handle error.
}

req := &storagepb.BatchCommitWriteStreamsRequest{
    Parent: parentName,
    WriteStreams: []string{managedStream.StreamName()},
}
// Using the client, we can commit data from multple streams to the same
// table atomically.
resp, err := client.BatchCommitWriteStreams(ctx, req)

Constants

DetectProjectID

const DetectProjectID = "*detect-project-id*"

DetectProjectID is a sentinel value that instructs NewClient to detect the project ID. It is given in place of the projectID argument. NewClient will use the project ID from the given credentials or the default credentials (https://developers.google.com/accounts/docs/application-default-credentials) if no credentials were provided. When providing credentials, not all options will allow NewClient to extract the project ID. Specifically a JWT does not have the project ID encoded.

NoStreamOffset

const NoStreamOffset int64 = -1

NoStreamOffset is a sentinel value for signalling we're not tracking stream offset (e.g. a default stream which allows simultaneous append streams).

Variables

AppendClientOpenCount, AppendClientOpenRetryCount, AppendRequests, AppendRequestBytes, AppendRequestErrors, AppendRequestRows, AppendResponses, AppendResponseErrors, FlushRequests

var (
	// AppendClientOpenCount is a measure of the number of times the AppendRowsClient was opened.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendClientOpenCount = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"stream_open_count", "Number of times AppendRowsClient was opened", stats.UnitDimensionless)

	// AppendClientOpenRetryCount is a measure of the number of times the AppendRowsClient open was retried.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendClientOpenRetryCount = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"stream_open_retry_count", "Number of times AppendRowsClient open was retried", stats.UnitDimensionless)

	// AppendRequests is a measure of the number of append requests sent.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequests = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"append_requests", "Number of append requests sent", stats.UnitDimensionless)

	// AppendRequestBytes is a measure of the bytes sent as append requests.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequestBytes = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"append_request_bytes", "Number of bytes sent as append requests", stats.UnitBytes)

	// AppendRequestErrors is a measure of the number of append requests that errored on send.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequestErrors = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"append_request_errors", "Number of append requests that yielded immediate error", stats.UnitDimensionless)

	// AppendRequestRows is a measure of the number of append rows sent.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequestRows = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"append_rows", "Number of append rows sent", stats.UnitDimensionless)

	// AppendResponses is a measure of the number of append responses received.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendResponses = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"append_responses", "Number of append responses sent", stats.UnitDimensionless)

	// AppendResponseErrors is a measure of the number of append responses received with an error attached.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendResponseErrors = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"append_response_errors", "Number of append responses with errors attached", stats.UnitDimensionless)

	// FlushRequests is a measure of the number of FlushRows requests sent.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	FlushRequests = stats.Int64(statsPrefix+"flush_requests", "Number of FlushRows requests sent", stats.UnitDimensionless)
)

AppendClientOpenView, AppendClientOpenRetryView, AppendRequestsView, AppendRequestBytesView, AppendRequestErrorsView, AppendRequestRowsView, AppendResponsesView, AppendResponseErrorsView, FlushRequestsView

var (

	// AppendClientOpenView is a cumulative sum of AppendClientOpenCount.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendClientOpenView *view.View

	// AppendClientOpenRetryView is a cumulative sum of AppendClientOpenRetryCount.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendClientOpenRetryView *view.View

	// AppendRequestsView is a cumulative sum of AppendRequests.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequestsView *view.View

	// AppendRequestBytesView is a cumulative sum of AppendRequestBytes.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequestBytesView *view.View

	// AppendRequestErrorsView is a cumulative sum of AppendRequestErrors.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequestErrorsView *view.View

	// AppendRequestRowsView is a cumulative sum of AppendRows.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendRequestRowsView *view.View

	// AppendResponsesView is a cumulative sum of AppendResponses.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendResponsesView *view.View

	// AppendResponseErrorsView is a cumulative sum of AppendResponseErrors.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	AppendResponseErrorsView *view.View

	// FlushRequestsView is a cumulative sum of FlushRequests.
	// It is EXPERIMENTAL and subject to change or removal without notice.
	FlushRequestsView *view.View
)

DefaultOpenCensusViews

var DefaultOpenCensusViews []*view.View

DefaultOpenCensusViews retains the set of all opencensus views that this library has instrumented, to add view registration for exporters.

Functions

func TableParentFromParts

func TableParentFromParts(projectID, datasetID, tableID string) string

TableParentFromParts constructs a table identifier using individual identifiers and returns a string in the form "projects/{project}/datasets/{dataset}/tables/{table}".

func TableParentFromStreamName

func TableParentFromStreamName(streamName string) string

TableParentFromStreamName is a utility function for extracting the parent table prefix from a stream name. When an invalid stream ID is passed, this simply returns the original stream name.

AppendOption

type AppendOption func(*pendingWrite)

AppendOption are options that can be passed when appending data with a managed stream instance.

func UpdateSchemaDescriptor

func UpdateSchemaDescriptor(schema *descriptorpb.DescriptorProto) AppendOption

UpdateSchemaDescriptor is used to update the descriptor message schema associated with a given stream.

func WithOffset

func WithOffset(offset int64) AppendOption

WithOffset sets an explicit offset value for this append request.

AppendResult

type AppendResult struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

AppendResult tracks the status of a batch of data rows.

func (*AppendResult) GetResult

func (ar *AppendResult) GetResult(ctx context.Context) (int64, error)

GetResult returns the optional offset of this row, or the associated error. It blocks until the result is ready.

func (*AppendResult) Ready

func (ar *AppendResult) Ready() <-chan>

Ready blocks until the append request has reached a completed state, which may be a successful append or an error.

func (*AppendResult) UpdatedSchema

func (ar *AppendResult) UpdatedSchema(ctx context.Context) (*storagepb.TableSchema, error)

UpdatedSchema returns the updated schema for a table if supplied by the backend as part of the append response. It blocks until the result is ready.

Client

type Client struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Client is a managed BigQuery Storage write client scoped to a single project.

func NewClient

func NewClient(ctx context.Context, projectID string, opts ...option.ClientOption) (c *Client, err error)

NewClient instantiates a new client.

func (*Client) BatchCommitWriteStreams

func (c *Client) BatchCommitWriteStreams(ctx context.Context, req *storagepb.BatchCommitWriteStreamsRequest, opts ...gax.CallOption) (*storagepb.BatchCommitWriteStreamsResponse, error)

BatchCommitWriteStreams atomically commits a group of PENDING streams that belong to the same parent table.

Streams must be finalized before commit and cannot be committed multiple times. Once a stream is committed, data in the stream becomes available for read operations.

func (*Client) Close

func (c *Client) Close() error

Close releases resources held by the client.

func (*Client) CreateWriteStream

func (c *Client) CreateWriteStream(ctx context.Context, req *storagepb.CreateWriteStreamRequest, opts ...gax.CallOption) (*storagepb.WriteStream, error)

CreateWriteStream creates a write stream to the given table. Additionally, every table has a special stream named ‘_default’ to which data can be written. This stream doesn’t need to be created using CreateWriteStream. It is a stream that can be used simultaneously by any number of clients. Data written to this stream is considered committed as soon as an acknowledgement is received.

func (*Client) NewManagedStream

func (c *Client) NewManagedStream(ctx context.Context, opts ...WriterOption) (*ManagedStream, error)

NewManagedStream establishes a new managed stream for appending data into a table.

Context here is retained for use by the underlying streaming connections the managed stream may create.

ManagedStream

type ManagedStream struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

ManagedStream is the abstraction over a single write stream.

func (*ManagedStream) AppendRows

func (ms *ManagedStream) AppendRows(ctx context.Context, data [][]byte, opts ...AppendOption) (*AppendResult, error)

AppendRows sends the append requests to the service, and returns a single AppendResult for tracking the set of data.

The format of the row data is binary serialized protocol buffer bytes. The message must be compatible with the schema currently set for the stream.

Use the WithOffset() AppendOption to set an explicit offset for this append. Setting an offset for a default stream is unsupported.

func (*ManagedStream) Close

func (ms *ManagedStream) Close() error

Close closes a managed stream.

func (*ManagedStream) Finalize

func (ms *ManagedStream) Finalize(ctx context.Context, opts ...gax.CallOption) (int64, error)

Finalize is used to mark a stream as complete, and thus ensure no further data can be appended to the stream. You cannot finalize a DefaultStream, as it always exists.

Finalizing does not advance the current offset of a BufferedStream, nor does it commit data in a PendingStream.

func (*ManagedStream) FlushRows

func (ms *ManagedStream) FlushRows(ctx context.Context, offset int64, opts ...gax.CallOption) (int64, error)

FlushRows advances the offset at which rows in a BufferedStream are visible. Calling this method for other stream types yields an error.

func (*ManagedStream) StreamName

func (ms *ManagedStream) StreamName() string

StreamName returns the corresponding write stream ID being managed by this writer.

func (*ManagedStream) StreamType

func (ms *ManagedStream) StreamType() StreamType

StreamType returns the configured type for this stream.

StreamType

type StreamType string

StreamType indicates the type of stream this write client is managing.

DefaultStream, CommittedStream, BufferedStream, PendingStream

var (
	// DefaultStream most closely mimics the legacy bigquery
	// tabledata.insertAll semantics.  Successful inserts are
	// committed immediately, and there's no tracking offsets as
	// all writes go into a "default" stream that always exists
	// for a table.
	DefaultStream StreamType = "DEFAULT"

	// CommittedStream appends data immediately, but creates a
	// discrete stream for the work so that offset tracking can
	// be used to track writes.
	CommittedStream StreamType = "COMMITTED"

	// BufferedStream is a form of checkpointed stream, that allows
	// you to advance the offset of visible rows via Flush operations.
	BufferedStream StreamType = "BUFFERED"

	// PendingStream is a stream in which no data is made visible to
	// readers until the stream is finalized and committed explicitly.
	PendingStream StreamType = "PENDING"
)

WriterOption

type WriterOption func(*ManagedStream)

WriterOption are variadic options used to configure a ManagedStream instance.

func WithAppendRowsCallOption

func WithAppendRowsCallOption(o gax.CallOption) WriterOption

WithAppendRowsCallOption is used to supply additional call options to the ManagedStream when it opens the underlying append stream.

func WithDataOrigin

func WithDataOrigin(dataOrigin string) WriterOption

WithDataOrigin is used to attach an origin context to the instrumentation metrics emitted by the library.

func WithDestinationTable

func WithDestinationTable(destTable string) WriterOption

WithDestinationTable specifies the destination table to which a created stream will append rows. Format of the table:

projects/{projectid}/datasets/{dataset}/tables/{table}

func WithMaxInflightBytes

func WithMaxInflightBytes(n int) WriterOption

WithMaxInflightBytes bounds the inflight append request bytes on the write connection.

func WithMaxInflightRequests

func WithMaxInflightRequests(n int) WriterOption

WithMaxInflightRequests bounds the inflight appends on the write connection.

func WithSchemaDescriptor

func WithSchemaDescriptor(dp *descriptorpb.DescriptorProto) WriterOption

WithSchemaDescriptor describes the format of the serialized data being sent by AppendRows calls on the stream.

func WithStreamName

func WithStreamName(name string) WriterOption

WithStreamName allows users to set the stream name this writer will append to explicitly. By default, the managed client will create the stream when instantiated if necessary.

Note: Supplying this option causes other options which affect stream construction such as WithStreamType and WithDestinationTable to be ignored.

func WithTraceID

func WithTraceID(traceID string) WriterOption

WithTraceID allows instruments requests to the service with a custom trace prefix. This is generally for diagnostic purposes only.

func WithType

func WithType(st StreamType) WriterOption

WithType sets the stream type for the managed stream.