Creare attività HTTP

Crea attività da inviare a Cloud Run, a una funzione Cloud o a un URL esterno.

Per saperne di più

Per la documentazione dettagliata che include questo esempio di codice, consulta quanto segue:

• Creare attività target HTTP
• Introduzione all'API Cloud Tasks (Go)
• Introduzione all'API Cloud Tasks (Java)
• Introduzione all'API Cloud Tasks (Node.js)

Esempio di codice

C#

Per scoprire come installare e utilizzare la libreria client per Cloud Tasks, consulta Librerie client di Cloud Tasks.

Per autenticarti a Cloud Tasks, configura le credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per un ambiente di sviluppo locale.

using Google.Cloud.Tasks.V2;
using Google.Protobuf;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
using System;

class CreateHttpTask
{
    public string CreateTask(
        string projectId = "YOUR-PROJECT-ID",
        string location = "us-central1",
        string queue = "my-queue",
        string url = "http://example.com/taskhandler",
        string payload = "Hello World!",
        int inSeconds = 0)
    {
        CloudTasksClient client = CloudTasksClient.Create();
        QueueName parent = new QueueName(projectId, location, queue);

        var response = client.CreateTask(new CreateTaskRequest
        {
            Parent = parent.ToString(),
            Task = new Task
            {
                HttpRequest = new HttpRequest
                {
                    HttpMethod = HttpMethod.Post,
                    Url = url,
                    Body = ByteString.CopyFromUtf8(payload)
                },
                ScheduleTime = Timestamp.FromDateTime(
                    DateTime.UtcNow.AddSeconds(inSeconds))
            }
        });

        Console.WriteLine($"Created Task {response.Name}");
        return response.Name;
    }
}

Go

Per scoprire come installare e utilizzare la libreria client per Cloud Tasks, consulta Librerie client di Cloud Tasks.

Per autenticarti a Cloud Tasks, configura le credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per un ambiente di sviluppo locale.

// Command createHTTPtask constructs and adds a task to a Cloud Tasks Queue.
package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	cloudtasks "cloud.google.com/go/cloudtasks/apiv2"
	taskspb "cloud.google.com/go/cloudtasks/apiv2/cloudtaskspb"
)

// createHTTPTask creates a new task with a HTTP target then adds it to a Queue.
func createHTTPTask(projectID, locationID, queueID, url, message string) (*taskspb.Task, error) {

	// Create a new Cloud Tasks client instance.
	// See https://godoc.org/cloud.google.com/go/cloudtasks/apiv2
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := cloudtasks.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the Task queue path.
	queuePath := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/queues/%s", projectID, locationID, queueID)

	// Build the Task payload.
	// https://godoc.org/google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/tasks/v2#CreateTaskRequest
	req := &taskspb.CreateTaskRequest{
		Parent: queuePath,
		Task: &taskspb.Task{
			// https://godoc.org/google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/tasks/v2#HttpRequest
			MessageType: &taskspb.Task_HttpRequest{
				HttpRequest: &taskspb.HttpRequest{
					HttpMethod: taskspb.HttpMethod_POST,
					Url:        url,
				},
			},
		},
	}

	// Add a payload message if one is present.
	req.Task.GetHttpRequest().Body = []byte(message)

	createdTask, err := client.CreateTask(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cloudtasks.CreateTask: %w", err)
	}

	return createdTask, nil
}

Java

Per scoprire come installare e utilizzare la libreria client per Cloud Tasks, consulta Librerie client di Cloud Tasks.

Per autenticarti a Cloud Tasks, configura le credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per un ambiente di sviluppo locale.

import com.google.cloud.tasks.v2.CloudTasksClient;
import com.google.cloud.tasks.v2.HttpMethod;
import com.google.cloud.tasks.v2.HttpRequest;
import com.google.cloud.tasks.v2.QueueName;
import com.google.cloud.tasks.v2.Task;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

public class CreateHttpTask {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "my-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-central1";
    String queueId = "my-queue";
    createTask(projectId, locationId, queueId);
  }

  // Create a task with a HTTP target using the Cloud Tasks client.
  public static void createTask(String projectId, String locationId, String queueId)
      throws IOException {

    // Instantiates a client.
    try (CloudTasksClient client = CloudTasksClient.create()) {
      String url = "https://example.com/taskhandler";
      String payload = "Hello, World!";

      // Construct the fully qualified queue name.
      String queuePath = QueueName.of(projectId, locationId, queueId).toString();

      // Construct the task body.
      Task.Builder taskBuilder =
          Task.newBuilder()
              .setHttpRequest(
                  HttpRequest.newBuilder()
                      .setBody(ByteString.copyFrom(payload, Charset.defaultCharset()))
                      .setUrl(url)
                      .setHttpMethod(HttpMethod.POST)
                      .build());

      // Send create task request.
      Task task = client.createTask(queuePath, taskBuilder.build());
      System.out.println("Task created: " + task.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Per scoprire come installare e utilizzare la libreria client per Cloud Tasks, consulta Librerie client di Cloud Tasks.

Per autenticarti a Cloud Tasks, configura le credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per un ambiente di sviluppo locale.

// Imports the Google Cloud Tasks library.
const {CloudTasksClient} = require('@google-cloud/tasks');

// Instantiates a client.
const client = new CloudTasksClient();

async function createHttpTask() {
  // TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
  // const project = 'my-project-id';
  // const queue = 'my-queue';
  // const location = 'us-central1';
  // const url = 'https://example.com/taskhandler';
  // const payload = 'Hello, World!';
  // const inSeconds = 180;

  // Construct the fully qualified queue name.
  const parent = client.queuePath(project, location, queue);

  const task = {
    httpRequest: {
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'text/plain', // Set content type to ensure compatibility your application's request parsing
      },
      httpMethod: 'POST',
      url,
    },
  };

  if (payload) {
    task.httpRequest.body = Buffer.from(payload).toString('base64');
  }

  if (inSeconds) {
    // The time when the task is scheduled to be attempted.
    task.scheduleTime = {
      seconds: parseInt(inSeconds) + Date.now() / 1000,
    };
  }

  // Send create task request.
  console.log('Sending task:');
  console.log(task);
  const request = {parent: parent, task: task};
  const [response] = await client.createTask(request);
  console.log(`Created task ${response.name}`);
}
createHttpTask();

PHP

Per scoprire come installare e utilizzare la libreria client per Cloud Tasks, consulta Librerie client di Cloud Tasks.

Per autenticarti a Cloud Tasks, configura le credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per un ambiente di sviluppo locale.

use Google\Cloud\Tasks\V2\Client\CloudTasksClient;
use Google\Cloud\Tasks\V2\CreateTaskRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Tasks\V2\HttpMethod;
use Google\Cloud\Tasks\V2\HttpRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Tasks\V2\Task;

/** Uncomment and populate these variables in your code */
// $projectId = 'The Google project ID';
// $locationId = 'The Location ID';
// $queueId = 'The Cloud Tasks Queue ID';
// $url = 'The full url path that the task request will be sent to.'
// $payload = 'The payload your task should carry to the task handler. Optional';

// Instantiate the client and queue name.
$client = new CloudTasksClient();
$queueName = $client->queueName($projectId, $locationId, $queueId);

// Create an Http Request Object.
$httpRequest = new HttpRequest();
// The full url path that the task request will be sent to.
$httpRequest->setUrl($url);
// POST is the default HTTP method, but any HTTP method can be used.
$httpRequest->setHttpMethod(HttpMethod::POST);
// Setting a body value is only compatible with HTTP POST and PUT requests.
if (!empty($payload)) {
    $httpRequest->setBody($payload);
}

// Create a Cloud Task object.
$task = new Task();
$task->setHttpRequest($httpRequest);

// Send request and print the task name.
$request = (new CreateTaskRequest())
    ->setParent($queueName)
    ->setTask($task);
$response = $client->createTask($request);
printf('Created task %s' . PHP_EOL, $response->getName());

Python

Per scoprire come installare e utilizzare la libreria client per Cloud Tasks, consulta Librerie client di Cloud Tasks.

Per autenticarti a Cloud Tasks, configura le credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per un ambiente di sviluppo locale.

import datetime
import json
from typing import Dict, Optional

from google.cloud import tasks_v2
from google.protobuf import duration_pb2, timestamp_pb2


def create_http_task(
    project: str,
    location: str,
    queue: str,
    url: str,
    json_payload: Dict,
    scheduled_seconds_from_now: Optional[int] = None,
    task_id: Optional[str] = None,
    deadline_in_seconds: Optional[int] = None,
) -> tasks_v2.Task:
    """Create an HTTP POST task with a JSON payload.
    Args:
        project: The project ID where the queue is located.
        location: The location where the queue is located.
        queue: The ID of the queue to add the task to.
        url: The target URL of the task.
        json_payload: The JSON payload to send.
        scheduled_seconds_from_now: Seconds from now to schedule the task for.
        task_id: ID to use for the newly created task.
        deadline_in_seconds: The deadline in seconds for task.
    Returns:
        The newly created task.
    """

    # Create a client.
    client = tasks_v2.CloudTasksClient()

    # Construct the task.
    task = tasks_v2.Task(
        http_request=tasks_v2.HttpRequest(
            http_method=tasks_v2.HttpMethod.POST,
            url=url,
            headers={"Content-type": "application/json"},
            body=json.dumps(json_payload).encode(),
        ),
        name=(
            client.task_path(project, location, queue, task_id)
            if task_id is not None
            else None
        ),
    )

    # Convert "seconds from now" to an absolute Protobuf Timestamp
    if scheduled_seconds_from_now is not None:
        timestamp = timestamp_pb2.Timestamp()
        timestamp.FromDatetime(
            datetime.datetime.utcnow()
            + datetime.timedelta(seconds=scheduled_seconds_from_now)
        )
        task.schedule_time = timestamp

    # Convert "deadline in seconds" to a Protobuf Duration
    if deadline_in_seconds is not None:
        duration = duration_pb2.Duration()
        duration.FromSeconds(deadline_in_seconds)
        task.dispatch_deadline = duration

    # Use the client to send a CreateTaskRequest.
    return client.create_task(
        tasks_v2.CreateTaskRequest(
            # The queue to add the task to
            parent=client.queue_path(project, location, queue),
            # The task itself
            task=task,
        )
    )

Ruby

Per scoprire come installare e utilizzare la libreria client per Cloud Tasks, consulta Librerie client di Cloud Tasks.

Per autenticarti a Cloud Tasks, configura le credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Configurare l'autenticazione per un ambiente di sviluppo locale.

require "google/cloud/tasks"

# Create a Task with an HTTP Target
#
# @param [String] project_id Your Google Cloud Project ID.
# @param [String] location_id Your Google Cloud Project Location ID.
# @param [String] queue_id Your Google Cloud Tasks Queue ID.
# @param [String] url The full path to sent the task request to.
# @param [String] payload The request body of your task.
# @param [Integer] seconds The delay, in seconds, to process your task.
def create_http_task project_id, location_id, queue_id, url, payload: nil, seconds: nil
  # Instantiates a client.
  client = Google::Cloud::Tasks.cloud_tasks

  # Construct the fully qualified queue name.
  parent = client.queue_path project: project_id, location: location_id, queue: queue_id

  # Construct task.
  task = {
    http_request: {
      http_method: "POST",
      url:         url
    }
  }

  # Add payload to task body.
  task[:http_request][:body] = payload if payload

  # Add scheduled time to task.
  if seconds
    timestamp = Google::Protobuf::Timestamp.new
    timestamp.seconds = Time.now.to_i + seconds.to_i
    task[:schedule_time] = timestamp
  end

  # Send create task request.
  puts "Sending task #{task}"

  response = client.create_task parent: parent, task: task

  puts "Created task #{response.name}" if response.name
end

Passaggi successivi

Per cercare e filtrare i sample di codice per altri Google Cloud prodotti, consulta il Google Cloud browser di sample.