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Criar um exemplo de relatório de validação de IaC

Neste tutorial, descrevemos como verificar se sua infraestrutura como código (IaC) não viola as políticas da organização nem os detectores do Security Health Analytics.

Prepare o ambiente

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

Ao usar um provedor de identidade (IdP) externo, primeiro faça login na gcloud CLI com sua identidade federada.

Para inicializar a gcloud CLI, execute o seguinte comando:

gcloud init

Create or select a Google Cloud project.

Roles required to select or create a project

Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

Create a Google Cloud project:
```
gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.
Select the Google Cloud project that you created:
```
gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Security posture service and Security Command Center management APIs:

Roles required to enable APIs

To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.

gcloud services enable securityposture.googleapis.com  securitycentermanagement.googleapis.com

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

Ao usar um provedor de identidade (IdP) externo, primeiro faça login na gcloud CLI com sua identidade federada.

Para inicializar a gcloud CLI, execute o seguinte comando:

gcloud init

Create or select a Google Cloud project.

Roles required to select or create a project

Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

Create a Google Cloud project:
```
gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.
Select the Google Cloud project that you created:
```
gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Security posture service and Security Command Center management APIs:

Roles required to enable APIs

To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.

gcloud services enable securityposture.googleapis.com  securitycentermanagement.googleapis.com

Copie o número do projeto. Você vai precisar do número do projeto para definir o recurso de destino ao implantar a postura.
```
gcloud projects describe PROJECT_ID
```
Inicialize o Terraform:
```
terraform init
```

Criar e implantar uma postura

No Cloud Shell, inicie o editor. Para iniciar o editor, clique em Abrir editor na barra de ferramentas da janela do Cloud Shell.
Crie um arquivo YAML chamado example-standard.yaml.
Cole o código a seguir no arquivo:

name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postures/example-standard
state: ACTIVE
policySets:
- policies:
  - constraint:
      orgPolicyConstraintCustom:
        customConstraint:
          actionType: ALLOW
          condition: "resource.initialNodeCount == 3"
          description: Set initial node count to be exactly 3.
          displayName: fixedNodeCount
          methodTypes:
          - CREATE
          name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/customConstraints/custom.fixedNodeCount
          resourceTypes:
          - container.googleapis.com/NodePool
        policyRules:
        - enforce: true
    policyId: fixedNodeCount
  - constraint:
      securityHealthAnalyticsCustomModule:
        config:
          customOutput: {}
          description: Set MTU for a network to be exactly 1000.
          predicate:
            expression: "!(resource.mtu == 1000)"
          recommendation: Only create networks whose MTU is 1000.
          resourceSelector:
            resourceTypes:
            - compute.googleapis.com/Network
          severity: HIGH
        displayName: fixedMTU
        moduleEnablementState: ENABLED
    policyId: fixedMTU
  - constraint:
      securityHealthAnalyticsModule:
        moduleEnablementState: ENABLED
        moduleName: BUCKET_POLICY_ONLY_DISABLED
    policyId: bucket_policy_only_disabled
  - constraint:
      securityHealthAnalyticsModule:
        moduleEnablementState: ENABLED
        moduleName: BUCKET_LOGGING_DISABLED
    policyId: bucket_logging_disabled
  policySetId: policySet1

Substitua ORGANIZATION_ID pelo ID da organização.

No Cloud Shell, crie a postura:

gcloud scc postures create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postures/example-standard --posture-from-file=example-standard.yaml

Copie o ID da revisão de postura gerado pelo comando.

Implante a postura no projeto:

gcloud scc posture-deployments create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postureDeployments/example-standard \
--posture-name=organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postures/example-standard \
--posture-revision-id="POSTURE_REVISION_ID" \
--target-resource=projects/PROJECT_NUMBER

Substitua:

ORGANIZATION_ID: o código da sua organização.
POSTURE REVISION_ID: o ID da revisão de postura que você copiou.
PROJECT_NUMBER: o número do projeto.

Criar e validar o arquivo do Terraform

No Cloud Shell, inicie o editor.
Crie um arquivo do Terraform chamado main.tf.

Cole o código a seguir no arquivo:

terraform {
  required_providers {
    google = {
      source  = "hashicorp/google"
    }
  }
}

provider "google" {
  region  = "us-central1"
  zone    = "us-central1-c"
}

resource "google_compute_network" "example_network"{
  name                            = "example-network-1"
  delete_default_routes_on_create = false
  auto_create_subnetworks         = false
  routing_mode                    = "REGIONAL"
  mtu                             = 100
  project                         = "PROJECT_ID"
}

resource "google_container_node_pool" "example_node_pool" {
  name               = "example-node-pool-1"
  cluster            = "example-cluster-1"
  project            = "PROJECT_ID"
  initial_node_count = 2

  node_config {
    preemptible  = true
    machine_type = "e2-medium"
  }
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "example_bucket" {
  name          = "example-bucket-1"
  location      = "EU"
  force_destroy = true

  project = "PROJECT_ID"

  uniform_bucket_level_access = false
}

Substitua PROJECT_ID pelo ID do projeto que você criou.

No Cloud Shell, crie o arquivo de plano do Terraform e converta-o para o formato JSON:
```
terraform plan -out main.plan
terraform show -json main.plan > mainplan.json
```
Crie o relatório de validação de IaC para mainplan.json:
```
gcloud scc iac-validation-reports create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global --tf-plan-file=mainplan.json
```
Esse comando retorna um relatório de validação de IaC que descreve as seguintes violações:
- O mtu de example_network não é 1.000.
- O initial_node_count para example_node_pool não é 3.
- O example_bucket não tem o acesso uniforme no nível do bucket ativado.
- O example_bucket não tem a geração de registros ativada.

Resolver violações

No Cloud Shell, inicie o editor.

Atualize o arquivo main.tf com as seguintes mudanças:

terraform {
  required_providers {
    google = {
      source  = "hashicorp/google"
    }
  }
}

provider "google" {
  region  = "us-central1"
  zone    = "us-central1-c"
}

resource "google_compute_network" "example_network"{
  name                            = "example-network-1"
  delete_default_routes_on_create = false
  auto_create_subnetworks         = false
  routing_mode                    = "REGIONAL"
  mtu                             = 1000
  project                         = "PROJECT_ID"
}

resource "google_container_node_pool" "example_node_pool" {
  name               = "example-node-pool-1"
  cluster            = "example-cluster-1"
  project            = "PROJECT_ID"
  initial_node_count = 3

  node_config {
    preemptible  = true
    machine_type = "e2-medium"
  }
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "example_bucket" {
  name          = "example-bucket-1"
  location      = "EU"
  force_destroy = true

  project = "PROJECT_ID"
  uniform_bucket_level_access = true

  logging {
    log_bucket   = "my-unique-logging-bucket" // Create a separate bucket for logs
    log_object_prefix = "tf-logs/"             // Optional prefix for better structure
  }
}

Substitua PROJECT_ID pelo ID do projeto que você criou.

No Cloud Shell, crie o arquivo de plano do Terraform e o converta para o formato JSON:
```
terraform plan -out main.plan
terraform show -json main.plan > mainplan.json
```

Recrie o relatório de validação de IaC para mainplan.json:

gcloud scc iac-validation-reports create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global --tf-plan-file=mainplan.json