使用 Secret Manager 创建和访问 Secret

了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 Secret Manager 创建和访问 Secret。

如需在 Google Cloud 控制台中直接遵循有关此任务的分步指导，请点击操作演示：

操作演示

准备工作

  1. 启用 Secret Manager API 提交一次。
  2. 针对项目、文件夹或组织分配 Secret Manager Admin 角色 (roles/secretmanager.admin)。

  3. 使用以下任一方法向 Secret Manager API 进行身份验证：

    • 如果您使用客户端库访问 Secret Manager API，请将 找到应用默认凭据。
    • 如果您使用 Google Cloud CLI 访问 Secret Manager API， 使用您的 Google Cloud CLI 凭据进行身份验证。
    • 如需对 REST 调用进行身份验证，请使用 Google Cloud CLI 凭据或 应用默认凭据。

创建 Secret 并访问 Secret 版本

以下示例演示了如何创建 Secret 以及如何访问 密钥版本的内容。

控制台

如需创建 Secret 和 Secret 版本，请执行以下操作：

  1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的 Secret Manager 页面。

    转到 Secret Manager 页面

  2. 在 Secret Manager 页面上，点击创建密钥。

  3. 在创建密钥页面的名称下，输入 my-secret。

  4. 在密文值字段中，输入 my super secret data。

  5. 点击创建密钥按钮。

如需访问密文版本的内容，请按下列步骤操作：

  1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的 Secret Manager 页面。

    转到 Secret Manager 页面

  2. 在 Secret Manager 页面上，点击 my-secret。

  3. 在密文详情页面的版本表格中，找到版本 1。

  4. 在操作列中，点击查看更多。

  5. 从菜单中点击查看密文值。

  6. 将出现一个显示 Secret 值的对话框。点击完成以关闭对话框。

gcloud

如需在命令行中使用 Secret Manager，请先 安装或升级到 378.0.0 或更高版本的 Google Cloud CLI。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。

如需创建密文并将字符串存储为第一个密文版本的内容：

$ echo -n "my super secret data" | gcloud secrets create my-secret \
    --replication-policy="replication-policy" \
    --data-file=-

其中，replication-policy 是 automatic 或 user-managed。

如需访问特定密文版本的内容：

$ gcloud secrets versions access 1 --secret="my-secret"

如需访问最新密文版本的内容：

$ gcloud secrets versions access latest --secret="my-secret"

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并 安装 Secret Manager C# SDK。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。


using System;
using System.Text;
using Google.Api.Gax.ResourceNames;
using Google.Cloud.SecretManager.V1;
using Google.Protobuf;

public class QuickstartSample
{
    public void Quickstart(string projectId = "my-project", string secretId = "my-secret")
    {
        // Create the client.
        SecretManagerServiceClient client = SecretManagerServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent project name.
        ProjectName projectName = new ProjectName(projectId);

        // Build the secret to create.
        Secret secret = new Secret
        {
            Replication = new Replication
            {
                Automatic = new Replication.Types.Automatic(),
            },
        };

        Secret createdSecret = client.CreateSecret(projectName, secretId, secret);

        // Build a payload.
        SecretPayload payload = new SecretPayload
        {
            Data = ByteString.CopyFrom("my super secret data", Encoding.UTF8),
        };

        // Add a secret version.
        SecretVersion createdVersion = client.AddSecretVersion(createdSecret.SecretName, payload);

        // Access the secret version.
        AccessSecretVersionResponse result = client.AccessSecretVersion(createdVersion.SecretVersionName);

        // Print the results
        //
        // WARNING: Do not print secrets in production environments. This
        // snippet is for demonstration purposes only.
        string data = result.Payload.Data.ToStringUtf8();
        Console.WriteLine($"Plaintext: {data}");
    }
}

Go

如需运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并 安装 Secret Manager Go SDK。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。


// Sample quickstart is a basic program that uses Secret Manager.
package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"log"

	secretmanager "cloud.google.com/go/secretmanager/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/secretmanager/apiv1/secretmanagerpb"
)

func main() {
	// GCP project in which to store secrets in Secret Manager.
	projectID := "your-project-id"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := secretmanager.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to setup client: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Create the request to create the secret.
	createSecretReq := &secretmanagerpb.CreateSecretRequest{
		Parent:   fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s", projectID),
		SecretId: "my-secret",
		Secret: &secretmanagerpb.Secret{
			Replication: &secretmanagerpb.Replication{
				Replication: &secretmanagerpb.Replication_Automatic_{
					Automatic: &secretmanagerpb.Replication_Automatic{},
				},
			},
		},
	}

	secret, err := client.CreateSecret(ctx, createSecretReq)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to create secret: %v", err)
	}

	// Declare the payload to store.
	payload := []byte("my super secret data")

	// Build the request.
	addSecretVersionReq := &secretmanagerpb.AddSecretVersionRequest{
		Parent: secret.Name,
		Payload: &secretmanagerpb.SecretPayload{
			Data: payload,
		},
	}

	// Call the API.
	version, err := client.AddSecretVersion(ctx, addSecretVersionReq)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to add secret version: %v", err)
	}

	// Build the request.
	accessRequest := &secretmanagerpb.AccessSecretVersionRequest{
		Name: version.Name,
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.AccessSecretVersion(ctx, accessRequest)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("failed to access secret version: %v", err)
	}

	// Print the secret payload.
	//
	// WARNING: Do not print the secret in a production environment - this
	// snippet is showing how to access the secret material.
	log.Printf("Plaintext: %s", result.Payload.Data)
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并 安装 Secret Manager Java SDK。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。

import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.AccessSecretVersionResponse;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.ProjectName;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.Replication;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.Secret;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.SecretManagerServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.SecretPayload;
import com.google.cloud.secretmanager.v1.SecretVersion;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;

public class Quickstart {

  public void quickstart() throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String secretId = "your-secret-id";
    quickstart(projectId, secretId);
  }

  public void quickstart(String projectId, String secretId) throws Exception {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
    // the "close" method on the client to safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (SecretManagerServiceClient client = SecretManagerServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project.
      ProjectName projectName = ProjectName.of(projectId);

      // Create the parent secret.
      Secret secret =
          Secret.newBuilder()
              .setReplication(
                  Replication.newBuilder()
                      .setAutomatic(Replication.Automatic.newBuilder().build())
                      .build())
              .build();

      Secret createdSecret = client.createSecret(projectName, secretId, secret);

      // Add a secret version.
      SecretPayload payload =
          SecretPayload.newBuilder().setData(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("hello world!")).build();
      SecretVersion addedVersion = client.addSecretVersion(createdSecret.getName(), payload);

      // Access the secret version.
      AccessSecretVersionResponse response = client.accessSecretVersion(addedVersion.getName());

      // Print the secret payload.
      //
      // WARNING: Do not print the secret in a production environment - this
      // snippet is showing how to access the secret material.
      String data = response.getPayload().getData().toStringUtf8();
      System.out.printf("Plaintext: %s\n", data);
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并 安装 Secret Manager Node.js SDK。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。

// Import the Secret Manager client and instantiate it:
const {SecretManagerServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/secret-manager');
const client = new SecretManagerServiceClient();

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// parent = 'projects/my-project', // Project for which to manage secrets.
// secretId = 'foo', // Secret ID.
// payload = 'hello world!' // String source data.

async function createAndAccessSecret() {
  // Create the secret with automation replication.
  const [secret] = await client.createSecret({
    parent: parent,
    secret: {
      name: secretId,
      replication: {
        automatic: {},
      },
    },
    secretId,
  });

  console.info(`Created secret ${secret.name}`);

  // Add a version with a payload onto the secret.
  const [version] = await client.addSecretVersion({
    parent: secret.name,
    payload: {
      data: Buffer.from(payload, 'utf8'),
    },
  });

  console.info(`Added secret version ${version.name}`);

  // Access the secret.
  const [accessResponse] = await client.accessSecretVersion({
    name: version.name,
  });

  const responsePayload = accessResponse.payload.data.toString('utf8');
  console.info(`Payload: ${responsePayload}`);
}
createAndAccessSecret();

PHP

如需运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP，然后 安装 Secret Manager PHP SDK。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。

// Import the Secret Manager client library.
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\AccessSecretVersionRequest;
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\AddSecretVersionRequest;
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\Client\SecretManagerServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\CreateSecretRequest;
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\Replication;
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\Replication\Automatic;
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\Secret;
use Google\Cloud\SecretManager\V1\SecretPayload;

/** Uncomment and populate these variables in your code */
// $projectId = 'YOUR_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT' (e.g. 'my-project');
// $secretId = 'YOUR_SECRET_ID' (e.g. 'my-secret');

// Create the Secret Manager client.
$client = new SecretManagerServiceClient();

// Build the parent name from the project.
$parent = $client->projectName($projectId);

// Create the parent secret.
$createSecretRequest = (new CreateSecretRequest())
    ->setParent($parent)
    ->setSecretId($secretId)
    ->setSecret(new Secret([
        'replication' => new Replication([
            'automatic' => new Automatic(),
        ]),
    ]));
$secret = $client->createSecret($createSecretRequest);

// Add the secret version.
$addSecretVersionRequest = (new AddSecretVersionRequest())
    ->setParent($secret->getName())
    ->setPayload(new SecretPayload([
    'data' => 'hello world',
]));
$version = $client->addSecretVersion($addSecretVersionRequest);

// Access the secret version.
$accessSecretVersionRequest = (new AccessSecretVersionRequest())
    ->setName($version->getName());
$response = $client->accessSecretVersion($accessSecretVersionRequest);

// Print the secret payload.
//
// WARNING: Do not print the secret in a production environment - this
// snippet is showing how to access the secret material.
$payload = $response->getPayload()->getData();
printf('Plaintext: %s' . PHP_EOL, $payload);

Python

如需运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并 安装 Secret Manager Python SDK。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。

# Import the Secret Manager client library.
from google.cloud import secretmanager

# GCP project in which to store secrets in Secret Manager.
project_id = "YOUR_PROJECT_ID"

# ID of the secret to create.
secret_id = "YOUR_SECRET_ID"

# Create the Secret Manager client.
client = secretmanager.SecretManagerServiceClient()

# Build the parent name from the project.
parent = f"projects/{project_id}"

# Create the parent secret.
secret = client.create_secret(
    request={
        "parent": parent,
        "secret_id": secret_id,
        "secret": {"replication": {"automatic": {}}},
    }
)

# Add the secret version.
version = client.add_secret_version(
    request={"parent": secret.name, "payload": {"data": b"hello world!"}}
)

# Access the secret version.
response = client.access_secret_version(request={"name": version.name})

# Print the secret payload.
#
# WARNING: Do not print the secret in a production environment - this
# snippet is showing how to access the secret material.
payload = response.payload.data.decode("UTF-8")
print(f"Plaintext: {payload}")

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并 安装 Secret Manager Ruby SDK。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。

require "google/cloud/secret_manager"

##
# Secret manager quickstart
#
# @param project_id [String] Your Google Cloud project (e.g. "my-project")
# @param secret_id [String] Your secret name (e.g. "my-secret")
#
def quickstart project_id:, secret_id:
  # Create the Secret Manager client.
  client = Google::Cloud::SecretManager.secret_manager_service

  # Build the parent name from the project.
  parent = "projects/#{project_id}"

  # Create the parent secret.
  secret = client.create_secret(
    parent:    parent,
    secret_id: secret_id,
    secret:    {
      replication: {
        automatic: {}
      }
    }
  )

  # Add a secret version.
  version = client.add_secret_version(
    parent:  secret.name,
    payload: {
      data: "hello world!"
    }
  )

  # Access the secret version.
  response = client.access_secret_version name: version.name

  # Print the secret payload.
  #
  # WARNING: Do not print the secret in a production environment - this
  # snippet is showing how to access the secret material.
  payload = response.payload.data
  puts "Plaintext: #{payload}"
end

API

这些示例使用 curl 来使用 API 演示。 您可以使用 gcloud auth print-access-token 生成访问令牌。 在 Compute Engine 或 GKE 上，您必须使用 cloud-platform 范围进行身份验证。

如需创建密文并将字符串存储为密文内容：

$ curl "https://secretmanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/secrets?secretId=my-secret" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data "{\"replication\": {\"automatic\": {}}}"

如需访问密文版本的内容：

$ curl "https://secretmanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/secrets/my-secret/versions/1:access" \
    --request "GET" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    --header "content-type: application/json"

后续步骤