Écrire des métriques avec OpenCensus

Explique comment écrire des métriques avec OpenCensus.

En savoir plus

Pour obtenir une documentation détaillée incluant cet exemple de code, consultez les articles suivants :

Créer des métriques définies par l'utilisateur avec OpenCensus

Exemple de code

Go

Pour vous authentifier auprès de Monitoring, configurez les identifiants par défaut de l'application. Pour en savoir plus, consultez Configurer l'authentification pour un environnement de développement local.


// metrics_quickstart is an example of exporting a custom metric from
// OpenCensus to Stackdriver.
package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"time"

	"contrib.go.opencensus.io/exporter/stackdriver"
	"go.opencensus.io/stats"
	"go.opencensus.io/stats/view"
	"golang.org/x/exp/rand"
)

var (
	// The task latency in milliseconds.
	latencyMs = stats.Float64("task_latency", "The task latency in milliseconds", "ms")
)

func main() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	// Register the view. It is imperative that this step exists,
	// otherwise recorded metrics will be dropped and never exported.
	v := &view.View{
		Name:        "task_latency_distribution",
		Measure:     latencyMs,
		Description: "The distribution of the task latencies",

		// Latency in buckets:
		// [>=0ms, >=100ms, >=200ms, >=400ms, >=1s, >=2s, >=4s]
		Aggregation: view.Distribution(0, 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, 4000),
	}
	if err := view.Register(v); err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to register the view: %v", err)
	}

	// Enable OpenCensus exporters to export metrics
	// to Stackdriver Monitoring.
	// Exporters use Application Default Credentials to authenticate.
	// See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/application-default-credentials
	// for more details.
	exporter, err := stackdriver.NewExporter(stackdriver.Options{})
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// Flush must be called before main() exits to ensure metrics are recorded.
	defer exporter.Flush()

	if err := exporter.StartMetricsExporter(); err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Error starting metric exporter: %v", err)
	}
	defer exporter.StopMetricsExporter()

	// Record 100 fake latency values between 0 and 5 seconds.
	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		ms := float64(5*time.Second/time.Millisecond) * rand.Float64()
		fmt.Printf("Latency %d: %f\n", i, ms)
		stats.Record(ctx, latencyMs.M(ms))
		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
	}

	fmt.Println("Done recording metrics")
}

Java


import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import io.opencensus.exporter.stats.stackdriver.StackdriverStatsExporter;
import io.opencensus.stats.Aggregation;
import io.opencensus.stats.BucketBoundaries;
import io.opencensus.stats.Measure.MeasureLong;
import io.opencensus.stats.Stats;
import io.opencensus.stats.StatsRecorder;
import io.opencensus.stats.View;
import io.opencensus.stats.View.Name;
import io.opencensus.stats.ViewManager;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Quickstart {
  private static final int EXPORT_INTERVAL = 70;
  private static final MeasureLong LATENCY_MS =
      MeasureLong.create("task_latency", "The task latency in milliseconds", "ms");
  // Latency in buckets:
  // [>=0ms, >=100ms, >=200ms, >=400ms, >=1s, >=2s, >=4s]
  private static final BucketBoundaries LATENCY_BOUNDARIES =
      BucketBoundaries.create(Lists.newArrayList(0d, 100d, 200d, 400d, 1000d, 2000d, 4000d));
  private static final StatsRecorder STATS_RECORDER = Stats.getStatsRecorder();

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    // Register the view. It is imperative that this step exists,
    // otherwise recorded metrics will be dropped and never exported.
    View view =
        View.create(
            Name.create("task_latency_distribution"),
            "The distribution of the task latencies.",
            LATENCY_MS,
            Aggregation.Distribution.create(LATENCY_BOUNDARIES),
            Collections.emptyList());

    ViewManager viewManager = Stats.getViewManager();
    viewManager.registerView(view);

    // Enable OpenCensus exporters to export metrics to Stackdriver Monitoring.
    // Exporters use Application Default Credentials to authenticate.
    // See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/application-default-credentials
    // for more details.
    StackdriverStatsExporter.createAndRegister();

    // Record 100 fake latency values between 0 and 5 seconds.
    Random rand = new Random();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
      long ms = (long) (TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS) * rand.nextDouble());
      System.out.println(String.format("Latency %d: %d", i, ms));
      STATS_RECORDER.newMeasureMap().put(LATENCY_MS, ms).record();
    }

    // The default export interval is 60 seconds. The thread with the StackdriverStatsExporter must
    // live for at least the interval past any metrics that must be collected, or some risk being
    // lost if they are recorded after the last export.

    System.out.println(
        String.format(
            "Sleeping %d seconds before shutdown to ensure all records are flushed.",
            EXPORT_INTERVAL));
    Thread.sleep(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(EXPORT_INTERVAL, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
  }
}

Node.js

'use strict';

const {globalStats, MeasureUnit, AggregationType} = require('@opencensus/core');
const {StackdriverStatsExporter} = require('@opencensus/exporter-stackdriver');

const EXPORT_INTERVAL = process.env.EXPORT_INTERVAL || 60;
const LATENCY_MS = globalStats.createMeasureInt64(
  'task_latency',
  MeasureUnit.MS,
  'The task latency in milliseconds'
);

// Register the view. It is imperative that this step exists,
// otherwise recorded metrics will be dropped and never exported.
const view = globalStats.createView(
  'task_latency_distribution',
  LATENCY_MS,
  AggregationType.DISTRIBUTION,
  [],
  'The distribution of the task latencies.',
  // Latency in buckets:
  // [>=0ms, >=100ms, >=200ms, >=400ms, >=1s, >=2s, >=4s]
  [0, 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, 4000]
);

// Then finally register the views
globalStats.registerView(view);

// Enable OpenCensus exporters to export metrics to Stackdriver Monitoring.
// Exporters use Application Default Credentials (ADCs) to authenticate.
// See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/application-default-credentials
// for more details.
// Expects ADCs to be provided through the environment as ${GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS}
// A Stackdriver workspace is required and provided through the environment as ${GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID}
const projectId = process.env.GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID;

// GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS are expected by a dependency of this code
// Not this code itself. Checking for existence here but not retaining (as not needed)
if (!projectId || !process.env.GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS) {
  throw Error('Unable to proceed without a Project ID');
}

// The minimum reporting period for Stackdriver is 1 minute.
const exporter = new StackdriverStatsExporter({
  projectId: projectId,
  period: EXPORT_INTERVAL * 1000,
});

// Pass the created exporter to Stats
globalStats.registerExporter(exporter);

// Record 100 fake latency values between 0 and 5 seconds.
for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
  const ms = Math.floor(Math.random() * 5);
  console.log(`Latency ${i}: ${ms}`);
  globalStats.record([
    {
      measure: LATENCY_MS,
      value: ms,
    },
  ]);
}

/**
 * The default export interval is 60 seconds. The thread with the
 * StackdriverStatsExporter must live for at least the interval past any
 * metrics that must be collected, or some risk being lost if they are recorded
 * after the last export.
 */
setTimeout(() => {
  console.log('Done recording metrics.');
  globalStats.unregisterExporter(exporter);
}, EXPORT_INTERVAL * 1000);

Python


from random import random
import time

from opencensus.ext.stackdriver import stats_exporter
from opencensus.stats import aggregation
from opencensus.stats import measure
from opencensus.stats import stats
from opencensus.stats import view

# A measure that represents task latency in ms.
LATENCY_MS = measure.MeasureFloat(
    "task_latency", "The task latency in milliseconds", "ms"
)

# A view of the task latency measure that aggregates measurements according to
# a histogram with predefined bucket boundaries. This aggregate is periodically
# exported to Stackdriver Monitoring.
LATENCY_VIEW = view.View(
    "task_latency_distribution",
    "The distribution of the task latencies",
    [],
    LATENCY_MS,
    # Latency in buckets: [>=0ms, >=100ms, >=200ms, >=400ms, >=1s, >=2s, >=4s]
    aggregation.DistributionAggregation([100.0, 200.0, 400.0, 1000.0, 2000.0, 4000.0]),
)

def main():
    # Register the view. Measurements are only aggregated and exported if
    # they're associated with a registered view.
    stats.stats.view_manager.register_view(LATENCY_VIEW)

    # Create the Stackdriver stats exporter and start exporting metrics in the
    # background, once every 60 seconds by default.
    exporter = stats_exporter.new_stats_exporter()
    print('Exporting stats to project "{}"'.format(exporter.options.project_id))

    # Register exporter to the view manager.
    stats.stats.view_manager.register_exporter(exporter)

    # Record 100 fake latency values between 0 and 5 seconds.
    for num in range(100):
        ms = random() * 5 * 1000

        mmap = stats.stats.stats_recorder.new_measurement_map()
        mmap.measure_float_put(LATENCY_MS, ms)
        mmap.record()

        print(f"Fake latency recorded ({num}: {ms})")

    # Keep the thread alive long enough for the exporter to export at least
    # once.
    time.sleep(65)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Étapes suivantes

Pour rechercher et filtrer des exemples de code pour d'autres produits Google Cloud, consultez l'exemple de navigateur Google Cloud.