本頁面由 Cloud Translation API 翻譯而成。

加密直播

本頁面說明如何加密即時串流內容。Live Stream API 不會直接建立或管理加密金鑰或授權。您必須使用第三方數位版權管理 (DRM) 供應商的功能。為媒體建立加密金鑰後，請使用 Secret Manager 將這些金鑰傳遞至 Live Stream API。

加密設定是在 Channel 設定中指定。串流開始後，Live Stream API 影片管道就會開始對內容進行加密。輸出資訊清單包含解密所需的資訊，可用於在所選媒體播放器中解密內容。

支援的設定

串流通訊協定	容器	DRM 系統	加密配置
HLS	TS	ClearKey	aes128
HLS	TS	ClearKey	sampleAes
HLS	TS	FairPlay	sampleAes
HLS	fMP4	FairPlay	僅限 mpegCenc cbc
MPEG-DASH	fMP4	ClearKey	mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
MPEG-DASH	fMP4	Widevine	mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
HLS	fMP4	Widevine	mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
MPEG-DASH	fMP4	PlayReady	mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
HLS	fMP4	PlayReady	mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs

將加密金鑰新增至 Secret Manager

開始前，請使用您選擇的第三方 DRM 供應商建立加密金鑰。

Live Stream API 要求您的機密金鑰必須包含以下 JSON 格式的加密金鑰，以及其他必要資訊。

如需各欄位的說明，請參閱 DRM 通訊協定說明文件。請注意，您需要將 JSON 格式從蛇形標記轉換為駝峰標記。

範例 JSON

{
  "encryptionKeys": [
    {
      // Key for FairPlay configuration.
      "keyId": "d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "iv": "8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3",
      "keyUri": "skd://d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": ["ts_fairplay"]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for Widevine configurations.
      "keyId": "44ec248b048c43a6a6ee58a752c6f9f8",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "keyUri": "skd://44ec248b048c43a6a6ee58a752c6f9f8",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": [
            "fmp4_widevine_cenc_video",
            "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio",
            "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video",
            "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for PlayReady configurations.
      "keyId": "8beed229709f480bb6004ec0f33e82d1",
      "key": "ad20cd838f354dcc8a77c443d08ff09f",
      "keyUri": "skd://8beed229709f480bb6004ec0f33e82d1",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": [
            "fmp4_playready_cenc_video",
            "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio",
            "fmp4_playready_cbcs_video",
            "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for all ClearKey configurations.
      "keyId": "3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "keyUri": "https://example.com/keys/3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822.bin",
      "iv": "8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3"
      // No `matchers` field. This is the default key to use when none of the keys above match.
    }
  ]
}

如果您的加密設定 (例如 FairPlay) 需要明確的初始化向量 (IV)，但未納入，API 會使用 keyId 的值做為 iv 的值。

如要新增加密金鑰，請執行下列任一操作：

手動新增及設定金鑰。使用上述 JSON 資料，按照「建立密鑰」一節的步驟，將加密金鑰新增至 Secret Manager。
實作 key publisher，取得所需的加密金鑰，並將這些金鑰以密鑰版本的形式寫入 Secret Manager。請參閱以 Cloud Run 函式執行的範例實作。

注意： 導入 Secret Manager 可能會產生一些額外費用。

接著，請按照下列步驟設定加密金鑰：

請為密鑰設定 IAM 權限，讓 Live Stream API 能夠存取密鑰內容。為此，請將 secretmanager.secretAccessor 角色授予 service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-livestream.iam.gserviceaccount.com 服務帳戶 (這與服務帳戶可存取 Cloud Storage 值區的方式相似)。
找出您建立的密鑰版本的資源名稱 (例如 projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/secrets/SECRET_ID/versions/VERSION_ID)。您需要這個名稱才能設定管道。

設定管道

加密設定會使用 Channel 層級 encryptions 陣列中的物件指定。每個不同的設定都會指派專屬 ID (id)。每個 muxStream 都會使用 ID 指出要使用的加密設定，或是略過該欄位，讓資料保持未加密狀態。

JSON 格式

{
  // other channel settings …
  "encryptions": [
    {
      // Identifier for this encryption configuration, to be specified in muxStream(s).
      "id": string,
      // Configuration for secrets stored in Google Secret Manager.
      "secretManagerKeySource": {
        // The name of the Secret Version containing the encryption key.
        // `projects/{project}/secrets/{secret_id}/versions/{version_number}`
        // Using {version_number} of `latest` is not supported.
        "secretVersion": string
      },
      // DRM system(s) that will be used. At least one must be specified. If a DRM system
      // is omitted, it will be considered disabled.
      "drmSystems": {
        // Widevine configuration.
        "widevine": {},
        // FairPlay configuration.
        "fairplay": {},
        // PlayReady configuration.
        "playready": {},
        // ClearKey configuration.
        "clearkey": {}
      },
      // Union field encryption_mode can be only one of the following:
      // Configuration for HLS AES-128 encryption.
      "aes128": {},
      // Configuration for HLS SAMPLE-AES encryption.
      "sampleAes": {},
      // Configuration for MPEG-DASH Common Encryption (MPEG-CENC).
      "mpegCenc": {
        // Specify the encryption scheme. Supported schemes:
        // - `cenc` - AES-CTR subsample
        // - `cbcs`- AES-CBC subsample pattern
        "scheme": string
      }
      // End of list of possible types for union field encryption_mode.
    }
    // Any other encryption configurations.
  ],
  "muxStreams": [
    {
      // Unique identifier for the muxStream.
      "key": string,
      // Identifier of the encryption configuration for the muxStream.
      "encryptionId": string
      // … other muxStream settings.
    }
    // Other muxStreams.
  ],

  // Other channel settings.
}

範例 (ClearKey)

以下範例會在 HLS 資訊清單中設定 AES-128 和 SAMPLE-AES muxStreams，以及在 DASH 資訊清單中設定 MPEG-CENC muxStreams (cenc 和 cbcs)：

"elementaryStreams": [
  {
    "key": "es_video",
    "videoStream": {
      "h264": {
        "profile": "main",
        "heightPixels": 600,
        "widthPixels": 800,
        "bitrateBps": 1000000,
        "frameRate": 60,
      },
    },
  },
  {
    "key": "es_audio",
    "audioStream": {
      "codec": "aac",
      "channelCount": 2,
      "bitrateBps": 160000
    }
  }
],
"encryptions": [
  {
    "id": "aes-128",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "aes128": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "sample-aes",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "sampleAes": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  }
],
"muxStreams": [
  {
    "key": "ts_aes128",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "aes-128"
  },
  {
    "key": "ts_sampleaes",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "sample-aes"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cbcs"
  }
],
"manifests": [
  {
    "key": "manifest_aes128_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_aes128.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_aes128"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_sampleaes_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_sampleaes.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_sampleaes"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_cenc_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_cenc_video", "fmp4_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_cbcs_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_cbcs_video", "fmp4_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  }
]

範例 (FP/PR/Widevine)

以下範例會設定 FairPlay/SAMPLE-AES、Widevine/MPEG-CENC (cenc 和 cbcs) 和 PlayReady/MPEG-CENC (cenc 和 cbcs) muxStreams。HLS 和 DASH 資訊清單都包含 Widevine 和 PlayReady muxStreams。

"elementaryStreams": [
  {
    "key": "es_video",
    "videoStream": {
      "h264": {
        "profile": "main",
        "heightPixels": 600,
        "widthPixels": 800,
        "bitrateBps": 1000000,
        "frameRate": 60,
      },
    },
  },
  {
    "key": "es_audio",
    "audioStream": {
      "codec": "aac",
      "channelCount": 2,
      "bitrateBps": 160000
    }
  }
],
"encryptions": [
  {
    "id": "fairplay",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"fairplay": {}},
    "sampleAes": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "widevine-cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"widevine": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "widevine-cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"widevine": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "playready-cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"playready": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "playready-cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"playready": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  }
],
"muxStreams": [
  {
    "key": "ts_fairplay",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "fairplay"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cbcs"
  }
],
"manifests": [
  {
    "key": "manifest_fairplay_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_fairplay.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_fairplay"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cenc_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cenc.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cenc_video", "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cbcs_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cbcs.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video", "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cenc_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cenc_video", "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cbcs_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video", "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cenc_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cenc.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cenc_video", "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cbcs_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cbcs.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cbcs_video", "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cenc_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cenc_video", "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cbcs_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cbcs_video", "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  }
]

確定要使用的 JSON 設定後，即可照常建立管道。

開始串流

建立管道後，請啟動管道並傳送輸入串流。

頻道啟動時，Live Stream API 會從 Secret Manager 擷取 secretVersion 所標示的加密金鑰。如果 Live Stream API 無法擷取金鑰，或是金鑰的格式無法辨識，管道狀態就會變成 STREAMING_ERROR。如果索引鍵擷取成功，管道的狀態就會如常變成 AWAITING_INPUT。

串流開始後，Live Stream API 就會開始依據建立時提供的設定，對輸出內容進行加密。

監控輸出內容

加密的輸出串流包含經過修改的資訊清單，其中包含解密內容以便播放所需的資訊。

資訊清單範例

下列資訊清單會顯示解密相關內容所需的資訊。

HLS AES-128/ClearKey

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128,URI="https://example.com/keys/3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822.bin",IV=0x8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.ts

HLS SAMPLE-AES/FairPlay

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=SAMPLE-AES,URI="skd://d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",KEYFORMAT="com.apple.streamingkeydelivery",KEYFORMATVERSIONS="1"
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.ts

HLS MPEG-CENC/Widevine

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=SAMPLE-AES-CTR,URI="data:text/plain;base64,AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jyCfSEAB3Gcrj/8kFtioyiVbJMh9I49yVmwY=",KEYFORMAT="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed",KEYFORMATVERSIONS="1"
#EXT-X-MAP:URI="segment-initialization_segment_0000000000.m4s"
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.m4s
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.m4s
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.m4s
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.m4s

DASH MPEG-CENC/Widevine

<AdaptationSet segmentAlignment="true" maxWidth="800" maxHeight="600">
  <Representation mimeType="video/mp4" id="fmp4_widevine_cenc_video" codecs="avc1.4d001f">
    <ContentProtection value="cenc" schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:mp4protection:2011" cenc:default_KID="44ec248b-048c-43a6-a6ee-58a752c6f9f8"/>
    <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed" value="Widevine">
      <cenc:pssh>AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jCfc1R0h7QAAABgSEAB3Gcrj/8kFklokiVbJMh9VmwY=</cenc:pssh>
    </ContentProtection>
  </Representation>
</AdaptationSet>
<AdaptationSet segmentAlignment="true" mimeType="audio/mp4" id="1" label="fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio">
  <Representation id="fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio" codecs="mp4a.40.2">
    <ContentProtection value="cenc" schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:mp4protection:2011" cenc:default_KID="44ec248b-048c-43a6-a6ee-58a752c6f9f8"/>
    <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed" value="Widevine">
      <cenc:pssh>AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jCfc1R0h7QAAABgSEAB3Gcrj/8kFklokiVbJMh9VmwY=</cenc:pssh>
    </ContentProtection>
  </Representation>
</AdaptationSet>

建議的播放器

建議使用以 HLS.js 為基礎的播放器解密 HLS/TS。建議使用以 Shaka Player 為基礎的播放器來解密 DASH/fMP4。

在搭載 Windows 10 的實體機器上，如果使用 Microsoft Edge 瀏覽器、Xbox One (1703 以下版本) 和部分非 Windows 裝置 (例如智慧型電視)，則支援 PlayReady 的「cenc」配置。PlayReady 的「cbcs」配置僅支援 Xbox One 1709 以上版本。詳情請參閱「PlayReady 內容加密模式」。

更新加密金鑰

如要將管道切換至新的加密金鑰，請按照下列步驟操作：