Esta página se ha traducido con Cloud Translation API.

Guía de inicio rápido

Muestra el uso básico de IAM.

Investigar más

Para obtener documentación detallada que incluya este código de muestra, consulta lo siguiente:

Conceder roles mediante bibliotecas de cliente

Código de ejemplo

C++

Para saber cómo instalar y usar la biblioteca de cliente de IAM, consulta Bibliotecas de cliente de IAM. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API C++ de gestión de identidades y accesos.

Para autenticarte en IAM, configura las credenciales predeterminadas de la aplicación. Para obtener más información, consulta el artículo Configurar la autenticación en un entorno de desarrollo local.

#include "google/cloud/iam/admin/v1/iam_client.h"
#include "google/cloud/project.h"
#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) try {
  if (argc != 2) {
    std::cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " <project-id>\n";
    return 1;
  }

  // Create a namespace alias to make the code easier to read.
  namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  auto const project = google::cloud::Project(argv[1]);
  std::cout << "Service Accounts for project: " << project.project_id() << "\n";
  int count = 0;
  for (auto sa : client.ListServiceAccounts(project.FullName())) {
    if (!sa) throw std::move(sa).status();
    std::cout << sa->name() << "\n";
    ++count;
  }
  if (count == 0) std::cout << "No Service Accounts found.\n";

  return 0;
} catch (google::cloud::Status const& status) {
  std::cerr << "google::cloud::Status thrown: " << status << "\n";
  return 1;
}

C#


using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.CloudResourceManager.v1;
using Google.Apis.CloudResourceManager.v1.Data;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public class QuickStart
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // TODO: Replace with your project ID
        var projectId = "your-project";
        // TODO: Replace with the ID of your principal.
        // For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
        var member = "your-principal";
        // Role to be granted
        var role = "roles/logging.logWriter";

        // Initialize service
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService = InitializeService();

        // Grant your principal the "Log Writer" role for your project
        AddBinding(crmService, projectId, member, role);

        // Get the project's policy and print all principals with the the "Log Writer" role
        var policy = GetPolicy(crmService, projectId);
        var binding = policy.Bindings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Role == role);
        Console.WriteLine("Role: " + binding.Role);
        Console.Write("Members: ");
        foreach (var m in binding.Members)
        {
            Console.Write("[" + m + "] ");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();

        // Remove principal from the "Log Writer" role
        RemoveMember(crmService, projectId, member, role);
    }

    public static CloudResourceManagerService InitializeService()
    {
        // Get credentials
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);

        // Create the Cloud Resource Manager service object
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService = new CloudResourceManagerService(
            new CloudResourceManagerService.Initializer
            {
                HttpClientInitializer = credential
            });

        return crmService;
    }

    public static Policy GetPolicy(CloudResourceManagerService crmService, String projectId)
    {
        // Get the project's policy by calling the
        // Cloud Resource Manager Projects API
        var policy = crmService.Projects.GetIamPolicy(
            new GetIamPolicyRequest(),
            projectId).Execute();
        return policy;
    }

    public static void SetPolicy(CloudResourceManagerService crmService, String projectId, Policy policy)
    {
        // Set the project's policy by calling the
        // Cloud Resource Manager Projects API
        crmService.Projects.SetIamPolicy(
           new SetIamPolicyRequest
           {
               Policy = policy
           }, projectId).Execute();
    }

    public static void AddBinding(
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService,
        string projectId,
        string member,
        string role)
    {
        // Get the project's policy
        var policy = GetPolicy(crmService, projectId);

        // Find binding in policy
        var binding = policy.Bindings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Role == role);

        // If binding already exists, add principal to binding
        if (binding != null)
        {
            binding.Members.Add(member);
        }
        // If binding does not exist, add binding to policy
        else
        {
            binding = new Binding
            {
                Role = role,
                Members = new List<string> { member }
            };
            policy.Bindings.Add(binding);
        }

        // Set the updated policy
        SetPolicy(crmService, projectId, policy);
    }

    public static void RemoveMember(
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService,
        string projectId,
        string member,
        string role)
    {
        // Get the project's policy 
        var policy = GetPolicy(crmService, projectId);

        // Remove the principal from the role
        var binding = policy.Bindings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Role == role);
        if (binding == null)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Role does not exist in policy.");
        }
        else
        {
            if (binding.Members.Contains(member))
            {
                binding.Members.Remove(member);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The member has not been granted this role.");
            }

            if (binding.Members.Count == 0)
            {
                policy.Bindings.Remove(binding);
            }
        }

        // Set the updated policy
        SetPolicy(crmService, projectId, policy);
    }
}

Go


package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"google.golang.org/api/cloudresourcemanager/v1"
)

func main() {
	// TODO: Add your project ID
	projectID := flag.String("project_id", "", "Cloud Project ID")
	// TODO: Add the ID of your principal.
	// For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
	member := flag.String("member_id", "", "Your principal ID")
	flag.Parse()

	// The role to be granted
	var role string = "roles/logging.logWriter"

	// Initializes the Cloud Resource Manager service
	ctx := context.Background()
	crmService, err := cloudresourcemanager.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("cloudresourcemanager.NewService: %v", err)
	}

	// Grants your principal the "Log writer" role for your project
	addBinding(crmService, *projectID, *member, role)

	// Gets the project's policy and prints all principals with the "Log Writer" role
	policy := getPolicy(crmService, *projectID)
	// Find the policy binding for role. Only one binding can have the role.
	var binding *cloudresourcemanager.Binding
	for _, b := range policy.Bindings {
		if b.Role == role {
			binding = b
			break
		}
	}
	fmt.Println("Role: ", binding.Role)
	fmt.Print("Members: ", strings.Join(binding.Members, ", "))

	// Removes member from the "Log writer" role
	removeMember(crmService, *projectID, *member, role)

}

// addBinding adds the principal to the project's IAM policy
func addBinding(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID, member, role string) {

	policy := getPolicy(crmService, projectID)

	// Find the policy binding for role. Only one binding can have the role.
	var binding *cloudresourcemanager.Binding
	for _, b := range policy.Bindings {
		if b.Role == role {
			binding = b
			break
		}
	}

	if binding != nil {
		// If the binding exists, adds the principal to the binding
		binding.Members = append(binding.Members, member)
	} else {
		// If the binding does not exist, adds a new binding to the policy
		binding = &cloudresourcemanager.Binding{
			Role:    role,
			Members: []string{member},
		}
		policy.Bindings = append(policy.Bindings, binding)
	}

	setPolicy(crmService, projectID, policy)

}

// removeMember removes the principal from the project's IAM policy
func removeMember(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID, member, role string) {

	policy := getPolicy(crmService, projectID)

	// Find the policy binding for role. Only one binding can have the role.
	var binding *cloudresourcemanager.Binding
	var bindingIndex int
	for i, b := range policy.Bindings {
		if b.Role == role {
			binding = b
			bindingIndex = i
			break
		}
	}

	// Order doesn't matter for bindings or members, so to remove, move the last item
	// into the removed spot and shrink the slice.
	if len(binding.Members) == 1 {
		// If the principal is the only member in the binding, removes the binding
		last := len(policy.Bindings) - 1
		policy.Bindings[bindingIndex] = policy.Bindings[last]
		policy.Bindings = policy.Bindings[:last]
	} else {
		// If there is more than one member in the binding, removes the principal
		var memberIndex int
		for i, mm := range binding.Members {
			if mm == member {
				memberIndex = i
			}
		}
		last := len(policy.Bindings[bindingIndex].Members) - 1
		binding.Members[memberIndex] = binding.Members[last]
		binding.Members = binding.Members[:last]
	}

	setPolicy(crmService, projectID, policy)

}

// getPolicy gets the project's IAM policy
func getPolicy(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID string) *cloudresourcemanager.Policy {

	ctx := context.Background()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()
	request := new(cloudresourcemanager.GetIamPolicyRequest)
	policy, err := crmService.Projects.GetIamPolicy(projectID, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Projects.GetIamPolicy: %v", err)
	}

	return policy
}

// setPolicy sets the project's IAM policy
func setPolicy(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID string, policy *cloudresourcemanager.Policy) {

	ctx := context.Background()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()
	request := new(cloudresourcemanager.SetIamPolicyRequest)
	request.Policy = policy
	policy, err := crmService.Projects.SetIamPolicy(projectID, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Projects.SetIamPolicy: %v", err)
	}
}

Java


import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.ServiceAccountName;
import com.google.iam.v1.Binding;
import com.google.iam.v1.GetIamPolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v1.Policy;
import com.google.iam.v1.SetIamPolicyRequest;
import com.google.protobuf.FieldMask;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

public class Quickstart {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO: Replace with your project ID.
    String projectId = "your-project";
    // TODO: Replace with your service account name.
    String serviceAccount = "your-service-account";
    // TODO: Replace with the ID of your principal.
    // For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
    String member = "your-principal";
    // The role to be granted.
    String role = "roles/logging.logWriter";

    quickstart(projectId, serviceAccount, member, role);
  }

  // Creates new policy and adds binding.
  // Checks if changes are present and removes policy.
  public static void quickstart(String projectId, String serviceAccount,
                                String member, String role) throws IOException {

    // Construct the service account email.
    // You can modify the ".iam.gserviceaccount.com" to match the name of the service account
    // to use for authentication.
    serviceAccount = serviceAccount + "@" + projectId + ".iam.gserviceaccount.com";

    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests.
    // This client only needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {

      // Grants your principal the "Log writer" role for your project.
      addBinding(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, member, role);

      // Get the project's policy and print all principals with the "Log Writer" role
      Policy policy = getPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount);

      Binding binding = null;
      List<Binding> bindings = policy.getBindingsList();

      for (Binding b : bindings) {
        if (b.getRole().equals(role)) {
          binding = b;
          break;
        }
      }

      System.out.println("Role: " + binding.getRole());
      System.out.print("Principals: ");

      for (String m : binding.getMembersList()) {
        System.out.print("[" + m + "] ");
      }
      System.out.println();

      // Removes principal from the "Log writer" role.
      removeMember(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, member, role);
    }
  }

  public static void addBinding(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId, String serviceAccount,
                                String member, String role) {
    // Gets the project's policy.
    Policy policy = getPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount);

    // If policy is not retrieved, return early.
    if (policy == null) {
      return;
    }

    Policy.Builder updatedPolicy = policy.toBuilder();

    // Get the binding if present in the policy.
    Binding binding = null;
    for (Binding b : updatedPolicy.getBindingsList()) {
      if (b.getRole().equals(role)) {
        binding = b;
        break;
      }
    }

    if (binding != null) {
      // If binding already exists, adds principal to binding.
      binding.getMembersList().add(member);
    } else {
      // If binding does not exist, adds binding to policy.
      binding = Binding.newBuilder()
              .setRole(role)
              .addMembers(member)
              .build();
      updatedPolicy.addBindings(binding);
    }

    // Sets the updated policy.
    setPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, updatedPolicy.build());
  }

  public static void removeMember(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId, String serviceAccount,
                                  String member, String role) {
    // Gets the project's policy.
    Policy.Builder policy = getPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount).toBuilder();

    // Removes the principal from the role.
    Binding binding = null;
    for (Binding b : policy.getBindingsList()) {
      if (b.getRole().equals(role)) {
        binding = b;
        break;
      }
    }

    if (binding != null && binding.getMembersList().contains(member)) {
      List<String> newMemberList = new ArrayList<>(binding.getMembersList());
      newMemberList.remove(member);

      Binding newBinding = binding.toBuilder().clearMembers()
              .addAllMembers(newMemberList)
              .build();
      List<Binding> newBindingList = new ArrayList<>(policy.getBindingsList());
      newBindingList.remove(binding);

      if (!newBinding.getMembersList().isEmpty()) {
        newBindingList.add(newBinding);
      }

      policy.clearBindings()
              .addAllBindings(newBindingList);
    }

    // Sets the updated policy.
    setPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, policy.build());
  }

  public static Policy getPolicy(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId, String serviceAccount) {
    // Gets the project's policy by calling the
    // IAMClient API.
    GetIamPolicyRequest request = GetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder()
            .setResource(ServiceAccountName.of(projectId, serviceAccount).toString())
            .build();
    return iamClient.getIamPolicy(request);
  }

  private static void setPolicy(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId,
                                String serviceAccount, Policy policy) {
    List<String> paths = Arrays.asList("bindings", "etag");
    // Sets a project's policy.
    SetIamPolicyRequest request = SetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder()
            .setResource(ServiceAccountName.of(projectId, serviceAccount).toString())
            .setPolicy(policy)
            // A FieldMask specifying which fields of the policy to modify. Only
            // the fields in the mask will be modified. If no mask is provided, the
            // following default mask is used:
            // `paths: "bindings, etag"`
            .setUpdateMask(FieldMask.newBuilder().addAllPaths(paths).build())
            .build();
    iamClient.setIamPolicy(request);
  }
}

Python

from google.cloud import resourcemanager_v3
from google.iam.v1 import iam_policy_pb2, policy_pb2


def quickstart(project_id: str, principal: str) -> None:
    """Demonstrates basic IAM operations.

    This quickstart shows how to get a project's IAM policy,
    add a principal to a role, list members of a role,
    and remove a principal from a role.

    Args:
        project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
        principal: The principal ID requesting the access.
    """

    # Role to be granted.
    role = "roles/logging.logWriter"
    crm_service = resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient()

    # Grants your principal the 'Log Writer' role for the project.
    modify_policy_add_role(crm_service, project_id, role, principal)

    # Gets the project's policy and prints all principals with the 'Log Writer' role.
    policy = get_policy(crm_service, project_id)
    binding = next(b for b in policy.bindings if b.role == role)
    print(f"Role: {(binding.role)}")
    print("Members: ")
    for m in binding.members:
        print(f"[{m}]")

    # Removes the principal from the 'Log Writer' role.
    modify_policy_remove_principal(crm_service, project_id, role, principal)


def get_policy(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient, project_id: str
) -> policy_pb2.Policy:
    """Gets IAM policy for a project."""

    request = iam_policy_pb2.GetIamPolicyRequest()
    request.resource = f"projects/{project_id}"

    policy = crm_service.get_iam_policy(request)
    return policy


def set_policy(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient,
    project_id: str,
    policy: policy_pb2.Policy,
) -> None:
    """Adds a new role binding to a policy."""

    request = iam_policy_pb2.SetIamPolicyRequest()
    request.resource = f"projects/{project_id}"
    request.policy.CopyFrom(policy)

    crm_service.set_iam_policy(request)


def modify_policy_add_role(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient,
    project_id: str,
    role: str,
    principal: str,
) -> None:
    """Adds a new role binding to a policy."""

    policy = get_policy(crm_service, project_id)

    for bind in policy.bindings:
        if bind.role == role:
            bind.members.append(principal)
            break
    else:
        binding = policy_pb2.Binding()
        binding.role = role
        binding.members.append(principal)
        policy.bindings.append(binding)

    set_policy(crm_service, project_id, policy)


def modify_policy_remove_principal(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient,
    project_id: str,
    role: str,
    principal: str,
) -> None:
    """Removes a principal from a role binding."""

    policy = get_policy(crm_service, project_id)

    for bind in policy.bindings:
        if bind.role == role:
            if principal in bind.members:
                bind.members.remove(principal)
            break

    set_policy(crm_service, project_id, policy)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # TODO: Replace with your project ID.
    project_id = "your-project-id"
    # TODO: Replace with the ID of your principal.
    # For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
    principal = "your-principal"
    quickstart(project_id, principal)

Siguientes pasos

Para buscar y filtrar ejemplos de código de otros Google Cloud productos, consulta el Google Cloud navegador de ejemplos.

Guía de inicio rápido Organízate con las colecciones Guarda y clasifica el contenido según tus preferencias.