Menggunakan Healthcare Natural Language API

Halaman ini menjelaskan cara mengaktifkan Healthcare Natural Language API, mengonfigurasi izin, dan memanggil metode analyzeEntities untuk mengekstrak insight medis dari teks medis.

Ringkasan

Healthcare Natural Language API menyediakan solusi machine learning untuk mendapatkan insight dari teks medis. Healthcare Natural Language API adalah bagian dari Cloud Healthcare API. Untuk ringkasan Healthcare Natural Language API, lihat dokumentasi konseptual Healthcare Natural Language API.

Healthcare Natural Language API mengurai teks medis tidak terstruktur seperti catatan medis atau klaim asuransi. Kemudian, sistem ini menghasilkan representasi data terstruktur dari entitas pengetahuan medis yang disimpan di sumber data ini untuk analisis dan otomatisasi downstream. Misalnya, Anda dapat:

• Mengekstrak informasi tentang konsep medis seperti penyakit, obat-obatan, perangkat medis, prosedur, dan atributnya yang relevan secara klinis
• Memetakan konsep medis ke kosakata medis standar seperti RxNorm, ICD-10, MeSH, dan SNOMED CT (khusus pengguna AS dan Inggris Raya)
• Dapatkan insight medis dari teks dan integrasikan dengan produk analisis data di Google Cloud

Catatan: Anda tidak perlu membuat set data di Cloud Healthcare API untuk menggunakan Healthcare Natural Language API.

Lokasi yang tersedia

Healthcare Natural Language API tersedia di lokasi berikut:

Nama lokasi	Deskripsi lokasi
asia-south1	Mumbai, India
australia-southeast1	Sydney, Australia
europe-west2	London, Inggris
europe-west4	Belanda
northamerica-northeast1	Montréal, Kanada
us-central1	Iowa, Amerika Serikat

Mengaktifkan Healthcare Natural Language API

Sebelum mulai menggunakan Healthcare Natural Language API, Anda harus mengaktifkan API untuk project Google Cloud . Anda dapat menggunakan Healthcare Natural Language API tanpa mengaktifkan atau menggunakan fitur Cloud Healthcare API.

Untuk mengaktifkan API, selesaikan langkah-langkah berikut:

1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   Go to project selector

3. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

4. Create a service account:

   1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Create service account page.

      Go to Create service account
   2. Select your project.

   3. In the Service account name field, enter a name. The Google Cloud console fills in the Service account ID field based on this name.

      In the Service account description field, enter a description. For example, Service account for quickstart.

   4. Click Create and continue.

   5. Grant the Project > Owner role to the service account.

      To grant the role, find the Select a role list, then select Project > Owner.

      Note: The Role field affects which resources the service account can access in your project. You can revoke these roles or grant additional roles later. In production environments, do not grant the Owner, Editor, or Viewer roles. Instead, grant a predefined role or custom role that meets your needs.
   6. Click Continue.

   7. Click Done to finish creating the service account.

      Do not close your browser window. You will use it in the next step.

5. Create a service account key:

   1. In the Google Cloud console, click the email address for the service account that you created.
   2. Click Keys.
   3. Click Add key, and then click Create new key.
   4. Click Create. A JSON key file is downloaded to your computer.
   5. Click Close.

6. Set the environment variable GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS to the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials. This variable applies only to your current shell session, so if you open a new session, set the variable again.

   Example: Linux or macOS

   export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="KEY_PATH"

   Replace KEY_PATH with the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials.

   For example:

   export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="/home/user/Downloads/service-account-file.json"

   Example: Windows

   For PowerShell:

   $env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="KEY_PATH"

   Replace KEY_PATH with the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials.

   For example:

   $env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="C:\Users\username\Downloads\service-account-file.json"

   For command prompt:

   set GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=KEY_PATH

   Replace KEY_PATH with the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials.

7. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   Go to project selector

8. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

9. Create a service account:

   1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Create service account page.

      Go to Create service account
   2. Select your project.

   3. In the Service account name field, enter a name. The Google Cloud console fills in the Service account ID field based on this name.

      In the Service account description field, enter a description. For example, Service account for quickstart.

   4. Click Create and continue.

   5. Grant the Project > Owner role to the service account.

      To grant the role, find the Select a role list, then select Project > Owner.

      Note: The Role field affects which resources the service account can access in your project. You can revoke these roles or grant additional roles later. In production environments, do not grant the Owner, Editor, or Viewer roles. Instead, grant a predefined role or custom role that meets your needs.
   6. Click Continue.

   7. Click Done to finish creating the service account.

      Do not close your browser window. You will use it in the next step.

10. Create a service account key:

    1. In the Google Cloud console, click the email address for the service account that you created.
    2. Click Keys.
    3. Click Add key, and then click Create new key.
    4. Click Create. A JSON key file is downloaded to your computer.
    5. Click Close.

11. Set the environment variable GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS to the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials. This variable applies only to your current shell session, so if you open a new session, set the variable again.

    Example: Linux or macOS

    export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="KEY_PATH"

    Replace KEY_PATH with the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials.

    For example:

    export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="/home/user/Downloads/service-account-file.json"

    Example: Windows

    For PowerShell:

    $env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="KEY_PATH"

    Replace KEY_PATH with the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials.

    For example:

    $env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="C:\Users\username\Downloads\service-account-file.json"

    For command prompt:

    set GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=KEY_PATH

    Replace KEY_PATH with the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials.

12. Enable the Cloud Healthcare API.

    Enable the API

13. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

14. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

    gcloud init

Siapkan izin

Untuk menggunakan fitur dalam panduan ini, Anda harus memiliki izin healthcare.nlpservice.analyzeEntities, yang disertakan dalam peran healthcare.nlpServiceViewer.

Untuk menetapkan peran ini, jalankan perintah gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding:

gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID \
    --member serviceAccount:SERVICE_ACCOUNT_ID \
    --role roles/healthcare.nlpServiceViewer

Mengekstrak entity, relasi, dan atribut kontekstual

Healthcare Natural Language API menggunakan model berbasis konteks untuk mengekstrak entity, relasi, dan atribut kontekstual medis. Setiap entitas teks diekstrak ke dalam entri kamus medis. Untuk mengekstrak tingkat insight medis ini dari teks medis, gunakan metode projects.locations.services.nlp.analyzeEntities.

Untuk menyertakan kosakata berlisensi SNOMED CT dalam sebutan entitas, lihat Menyertakan kosakata berlisensi.

Untuk mengekstrak insight medis dari teks medis menggunakan Healthcare Natural Language API, buat permintaan POST dan tentukan teks target di kolom documentContent. Ukuran maksimum teks medis adalah 20.000 karakter Unicode.

Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menggunakan metode analyzeEntities untuk mengekstrak insight medis dari teks medis "Regimen insulin 5 unit IV akan diberikan untuk diabetes".

REST

Sebelum menggunakan salah satu data permintaan, lakukan penggantian berikut:

• PROJECT_ID: ID project Google Cloud Anda
• LOCATION: lokasi set data

Meminta isi JSON:

{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes."
}

Untuk mengirim permintaan Anda, pilih salah satu opsi berikut:

curl

Catatan: Perintah berikut mengasumsikan bahwa Anda telah login ke gcloud CLI dengan akun pengguna Anda dengan menjalankan gcloud init atau gcloud auth login , atau dengan menggunakan Cloud Shell, yang secara otomatis membuat Anda login ke gcloud CLI . Anda dapat memeriksa akun yang saat ini aktif dengan menjalankan gcloud auth list.

Simpan isi permintaan dalam file bernama request.json. Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal untuk membuat atau menimpa file ini di direktori saat ini:

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes."
}
EOF

Kemudian, jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengirim permintaan REST Anda:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/services/nlp:analyzeEntities"

PowerShell

Catatan: Perintah berikut mengasumsikan bahwa Anda telah login ke gcloud CLI dengan akun pengguna Anda dengan menjalankan gcloud init atau gcloud auth login . Anda dapat memeriksa akun yang saat ini aktif dengan menjalankan gcloud auth list.

Simpan isi permintaan dalam file bernama request.json. Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal untuk membuat atau menimpa file ini di direktori saat ini:

@'
{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes."
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

Kemudian jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengirim permintaan REST Anda:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/services/nlp:analyzeEntities" | Select-Object -Expand Content

Jika permintaan berhasil, respons akan menyertakan informasi berikut:

• Entitas pengetahuan medis yang dikenali
• Fitur fungsional
• Hubungan antara entity yang dikenali
• Atribut kontekstual
• Pemetaan entitas pengetahuan medis ke dalam terminologi standar

Untuk mengetahui daftar jenis entitas, atribut, dan hubungan yang didukung, lihat fitur Healthcare Natural Language API.

Respons berikut mengidentifikasi Insulin Terapeutik, entitas dengan kode C581 dalam sistem terminologi NCI, sebagai obat. Respons juga menyertakan skor keyakinan yang ditetapkan ke respons. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya tentang kolom respons, lihat dokumentasi analyzeEntities.

Respons

{
  "entityMentions": [
    {
      "mentionId": "1",
      "type": "MEDICINE",
      "text": {
        "content": "Insulin regimen",
        "beginOffset": 0
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0021641"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0795635"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C1533581"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C3537244"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C3714501"
        }
      ],
      "temporalAssessment": {
        "value": "UPCOMING",
        "confidence": 0.95375925302505493
      },
      "certaintyAssessment": {
        "value": "LIKELY",
        "confidence": 0.618984580039978
      },
      "subject": {
        "value": "PATIENT",
        "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
      },
      "confidence": 0.62128835916519165
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "2",
      "type": "MED_DOSE",
      "text": {
        "content": "5 units",
        "beginOffset": 16
      },
      "confidence": 0.78806477785110474
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "3",
      "type": "MED_ROUTE",
      "text": {
        "content": "IV",
        "beginOffset": 24
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0348016"
        }
      ],
      "confidence": 0.8927428126335144
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "4",
      "type": "PROBLEM",
      "text": {
        "content": "diabetes",
        "beginOffset": 52
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0011847"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0011849"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0241863"
        }
      ],
      "temporalAssessment": {
        "value": "CURRENT",
        "confidence": 0.91680806875228882
      },
      "certaintyAssessment": {
        "value": "LIKELY",
        "confidence": 0.98018729686737061
      },
      "subject": {
        "value": "PATIENT",
        "confidence": 0.99965417385101318
      },
      "confidence": 0.99518013000488281
    }
  ],
  "entities": [
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0011847",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetes",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "ICD10CM/E11",
        "LNC/LA10529-8",
        "LNC/LP128793-9",
        "LNC/MTHU040702",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "OMIM/MTHU050182"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0011849",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetes Mellitus",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "HPO/HP:0000819",
        "ICD10CM/E08-E13",
        "ICD9CM/250",
        "LNC/LA14291-1",
        "LNC/LA27539-8",
        "LNC/LP74722-7",
        "LNC/MTHU020781",
        "MEDLINEPLUS/4",
        "MSH/D003920",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "MTH/U000263",
        "NCI/C2985",
        "OMIM/MTHU036798"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0021641",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulin",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "FMA/83365",
        "LNC/LA15805-7",
        "LNC/LP14676-8",
        "LNC/LP16325-0",
        "LNC/LP32542-0",
        "LNC/LP70329-5",
        "LNC/MTHU002108",
        "LNC/MTHU019392",
        "MSH/D007328",
        "MTH/NOCODE"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0241863",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetic",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LA26134-9"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0348016",
      "preferredTerm": "Intravenous",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LA9437-0",
        "LNC/LP32453-0",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C13346"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0795635",
      "preferredTerm": "insulin, regular, human",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LP17001-6",
        "MSH/D061386",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C29125",
        "RXNORM/253182",
        "VANDF/4017559",
        "VANDF/4017569",
        "VANDF/4019786"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C1533581",
      "preferredTerm": "Therapeutic Insulin",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C581"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C3537244",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulins",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MSH/D061385",
        "MTH/NOCODE"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C3714501",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulin Drug Class",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "VANDF/4021631"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "relationships": [
    {
      "subjectId": "1",
      "objectId": "2",
      "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
    },
    {
      "subjectId": "1",
      "objectId": "3",
      "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
    },
    {
      "subjectId": "4",
      "objectId": "1",
      "confidence": 0.68552839756011963
    }
  ]
}

Menyertakan kosakata berlisensi

Secara default, respons Healthcare Natural Language API menyertakan vocbularium medis yang didukung.

Anda dapat menyertakan vocubular Istilah Klinis SNOMED, Versi Amerika Serikat (SNOMEDCT_US) dalam respons jika permintaan Anda memenuhi persyaratan berikut:

• Permintaan API berasal dari AS.
• Kolom licensedVocabularies dalam isi permintaan memiliki nilai SNOMEDCT_US.

Jika Anda tidak memerlukan kosakata SNOMED CT, tidak ada pembatasan ini yang berlaku.

Catatan: Secara default, kamus International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD10CM) disertakan dalam semua respons dan didukung di semua lokasi yang tersedia. Menambahkan ICD10CM sebagai kolom licensedVocabularies tidak akan mengubah respons. Namun, Anda dapat menambahkan ICD10CM sebagai nilai ke kolom licensedVocabularies tanpa batasan lokasi atau tanpa menyebabkan error.

Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menyertakan kosakata berlisensi SNOMED CT dalam objek LicensedVocabularies untuk mengekstrak insight medis dari teks medis "Regimen insulin 5 unit IV akan diberikan untuk diabetes".

REST

Sebelum menggunakan salah satu data permintaan, lakukan penggantian berikut:

• PROJECT_ID: ID project Google Cloud Anda
• LOCATION: lokasi set data

Meminta isi JSON:

{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes.",
  "licensedVocabularies": [
    "SNOMEDCT_US",
    "ICD10CM"
  ]
}

Untuk mengirim permintaan Anda, pilih salah satu opsi berikut:

curl

Catatan: Perintah berikut mengasumsikan bahwa Anda telah login ke gcloud CLI dengan akun pengguna Anda dengan menjalankan gcloud init atau gcloud auth login , atau dengan menggunakan Cloud Shell, yang secara otomatis membuat Anda login ke gcloud CLI . Anda dapat memeriksa akun yang saat ini aktif dengan menjalankan gcloud auth list.

Simpan isi permintaan dalam file bernama request.json. Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal untuk membuat atau menimpa file ini di direktori saat ini:

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes.",
  "licensedVocabularies": [
    "SNOMEDCT_US",
    "ICD10CM"
  ]
}
EOF

Kemudian, jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengirim permintaan REST Anda:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/services/nlp:analyzeEntities"

PowerShell

Catatan: Perintah berikut mengasumsikan bahwa Anda telah login ke gcloud CLI dengan akun pengguna Anda dengan menjalankan gcloud init atau gcloud auth login . Anda dapat memeriksa akun yang saat ini aktif dengan menjalankan gcloud auth list.

Simpan isi permintaan dalam file bernama request.json. Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal untuk membuat atau menimpa file ini di direktori saat ini:

@'
{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes.",
  "licensedVocabularies": [
    "SNOMEDCT_US",
    "ICD10CM"
  ]
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

Kemudian jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengirim permintaan REST Anda:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/services/nlp:analyzeEntities" | Select-Object -Expand Content

Jika permintaan berhasil, respons akan menyertakan kode kosakata dari kosakata berlisensi SNOMEDCT_US dan ICD10CM. Outputnya adalah sebagai berikut dan kode kosakata berlisensi yang diminta dicetak tebal:

Respons

{
  "entityMentions": [
    {
      "mentionId": "1",
      "type": "MEDICINE",
      "text": {
        "content": "Insulin regimen",
        "beginOffset": 0
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0021641"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0795635"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C1533581"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C3537244"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C3714501"
        }
      ],
      "temporalAssessment": {
        "value": "UPCOMING",
        "confidence": 0.95375925302505493
      },
      "certaintyAssessment": {
        "value": "LIKELY",
        "confidence": 0.618984580039978
      },
      "subject": {
        "value": "PATIENT",
        "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
      },
      "confidence": 0.62128835916519165
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "2",
      "type": "MED_DOSE",
      "text": {
        "content": "5 units",
        "beginOffset": 16
      },
      "confidence": 0.78806477785110474
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "3",
      "type": "MED_ROUTE",
      "text": {
        "content": "IV",
        "beginOffset": 24
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0348016"
        }
      ],
      "confidence": 0.8927428126335144
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "4",
      "type": "PROBLEM",
      "text": {
        "content": "diabetes",
        "beginOffset": 52
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0011847"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0011849"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0241863"
        }
      ],
      "temporalAssessment": {
        "value": "CURRENT",
        "confidence": 0.91680806875228882
      },
      "certaintyAssessment": {
        "value": "LIKELY",
        "confidence": 0.98018729686737061
      },
      "subject": {
        "value": "PATIENT",
        "confidence": 0.99965417385101318
      },
      "confidence": 0.99518013000488281
    }
  ],
  "entities": [
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0011847",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetes",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "ICD10CM/E11",
        "LNC/LA10529-8",
        "LNC/LP128793-9",
        "LNC/MTHU040702",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "OMIM/MTHU050182"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0011849",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetes Mellitus",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "HPO/HP:0000819",
        "ICD10CM/E08-E13",
        "ICD9CM/250",
        "LNC/LA14291-1",
        "LNC/LA27539-8",
        "LNC/LP74722-7",
        "LNC/MTHU020781",
        "MEDLINEPLUS/4",
        "MSH/D003920",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "MTH/U000263",
        "NCI/C2985",
        "OMIM/MTHU036798",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/73211009"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0021641",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulin",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "FMA/83365",
        "LNC/LA15805-7",
        "LNC/LP14676-8",
        "LNC/LP16325-0",
        "LNC/LP32542-0",
        "LNC/LP70329-5",
        "LNC/MTHU002108",
        "LNC/MTHU019392",
        "MSH/D007328",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/39487003",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/412222002",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/67866001"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0241863",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetic",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LA26134-9"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0348016",
      "preferredTerm": "Intravenous",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LA9437-0",
        "LNC/LP32453-0",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C13346",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/255560000"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0795635",
      "preferredTerm": "insulin, regular, human",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LP17001-6",
        "MSH/D061386",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C29125",
        "RXNORM/253182",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/126210001",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/417423002",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/420609005",
        "SNOMEDCT_US/96367001",
        "VANDF/4017559",
        "VANDF/4017569",
        "VANDF/4019786"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C1533581",
      "preferredTerm": "Therapeutic Insulin",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C581"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C3537244",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulins",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MSH/D061385",
        "MTH/NOCODE"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C3714501",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulin Drug Class",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "VANDF/4021631"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "relationships": [
    {
      "subjectId": "1",
      "objectId": "2",
      "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
    },
    {
      "subjectId": "1",
      "objectId": "3",
      "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
    },
    {
      "subjectId": "4",
      "objectId": "1",
      "confidence": 0.68552839756011963
    }
  ]
}

Mengekstrak output sebagai paket FHIR R4

Anda dapat mengekstrak entity dari teks dan memetakan ke resource dan elemen FHIR R4. Paket FHIR R4 yang dihasilkan mencakup semua entity, sebutan entity, dan hubungan dalam format JSON. Misalnya, Healthcare Natural Language API memetakan entitas dasar PROBLEM ke resource Condition FHIR R4 dan entitas PROBLEM.ANATOMICAL_STRUCTURE ke elemen FHIR Condition.bodySite. Untuk daftar pemetaan lainnya, lihat Output Healthcare Natural Language API sebagai paket FHIR.

Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara mengekstrak insight medis dari teks medis "Regimen insulin 5 unit IV akan diberikan untuk diabetes" dalam paket FHIR R4. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat objek AlternativeOutputFormat.

REST

Sebelum menggunakan salah satu data permintaan, lakukan penggantian berikut:

• PROJECT_ID: ID project Google Cloud Anda
• LOCATION: lokasi set data

Meminta isi JSON:

{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes.",
  "alternativeOutputFormat": "FHIR_BUNDLE"
}

Untuk mengirim permintaan Anda, pilih salah satu opsi berikut:

curl

Catatan: Perintah berikut mengasumsikan bahwa Anda telah login ke gcloud CLI dengan akun pengguna Anda dengan menjalankan gcloud init atau gcloud auth login , atau dengan menggunakan Cloud Shell, yang secara otomatis membuat Anda login ke gcloud CLI . Anda dapat memeriksa akun yang saat ini aktif dengan menjalankan gcloud auth list.

Simpan isi permintaan dalam file bernama request.json. Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal untuk membuat atau menimpa file ini di direktori saat ini:

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes.",
  "alternativeOutputFormat": "FHIR_BUNDLE"
}
EOF

Kemudian, jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengirim permintaan REST Anda:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/services/nlp:analyzeEntities"

PowerShell

Catatan: Perintah berikut mengasumsikan bahwa Anda telah login ke gcloud CLI dengan akun pengguna Anda dengan menjalankan gcloud init atau gcloud auth login . Anda dapat memeriksa akun yang saat ini aktif dengan menjalankan gcloud auth list.

Simpan isi permintaan dalam file bernama request.json. Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal untuk membuat atau menimpa file ini di direktori saat ini:

@'
{
  "documentContent": "Insulin regimen 5 units IV will be administered for diabetes.",
  "alternativeOutputFormat": "FHIR_BUNDLE"
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

Kemudian jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengirim permintaan REST Anda:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/services/nlp:analyzeEntities" | Select-Object -Expand Content

Jika permintaan berhasil, respons akan berisi objek JSON dengan entri berikut:

• Penyebutan entity yang dikenali dengan entity dan hubungannya dalam format yang mirip dengan output di Mengekstrak entity, relasi, dan atribut kontekstual.
• Kunci fhirBundle yang berisi resource FHIR Bundle berformat string. Paket FHIR mencakup semua entity, sebutan entity, dan hubungan dalam format JSON.

Respons

{
  "entityMentions": [
    {
      "mentionId": "1",
      "type": "MEDICINE",
      "text": {
        "content": "Insulin regimen",
        "beginOffset": 0
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0021641"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0795635"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C1533581"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C3537244"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C3714501"
        }
      ],
      "temporalAssessment": {
        "value": "UPCOMING",
        "confidence": 0.95375925302505493
      },
      "certaintyAssessment": {
        "value": "LIKELY",
        "confidence": 0.618984580039978
      },
      "subject": {
        "value": "PATIENT",
        "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
      },
      "confidence": 0.62128835916519165
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "2",
      "type": "MED_DOSE",
      "text": {
        "content": "5 units",
        "beginOffset": 16
      },
      "confidence": 0.78806477785110474
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "3",
      "type": "MED_ROUTE",
      "text": {
        "content": "IV",
        "beginOffset": 24
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0348016"
        }
      ],
      "confidence": 0.8927428126335144
    },
    {
      "mentionId": "4",
      "type": "PROBLEM",
      "text": {
        "content": "diabetes",
        "beginOffset": 52
      },
      "linkedEntities": [
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0011847"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0011849"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "UMLS/C0241863"
        }
      ],
      "temporalAssessment": {
        "value": "CURRENT",
        "confidence": 0.91680806875228882
      },
      "certaintyAssessment": {
        "value": "LIKELY",
        "confidence": 0.98018729686737061
      },
      "subject": {
        "value": "PATIENT",
        "confidence": 0.99965417385101318
      },
      "confidence": 0.99518013000488281
    }
  ],
  "entities": [
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0011847",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetes",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "ICD10CM/E11",
        "LNC/LA10529-8",
        "LNC/LP128793-9",
        "LNC/MTHU040702",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "OMIM/MTHU050182"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0011849",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetes Mellitus",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "HPO/HP:0000819",
        "ICD10CM/E08-E13",
        "ICD9CM/250",
        "LNC/LA14291-1",
        "LNC/LA27539-8",
        "LNC/LP74722-7",
        "LNC/MTHU020781",
        "MEDLINEPLUS/4",
        "MSH/D003920",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "MTH/U000263",
        "NCI/C2985",
        "OMIM/MTHU036798"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0021641",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulin",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "FMA/83365",
        "LNC/LA15805-7",
        "LNC/LP14676-8",
        "LNC/LP16325-0",
        "LNC/LP32542-0",
        "LNC/LP70329-5",
        "LNC/MTHU002108",
        "LNC/MTHU019392",
        "MSH/D007328",
        "MTH/NOCODE"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0241863",
      "preferredTerm": "Diabetic",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LA26134-9"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0348016",
      "preferredTerm": "Intravenous",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LA9437-0",
        "LNC/LP32453-0",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C13346"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C0795635",
      "preferredTerm": "insulin, regular, human",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "LNC/LP17001-6",
        "MSH/D061386",
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C29125",
        "RXNORM/253182",
        "VANDF/4017559",
        "VANDF/4017569",
        "VANDF/4019786"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C1533581",
      "preferredTerm": "Therapeutic Insulin",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "NCI/C581"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C3537244",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulins",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MSH/D061385",
        "MTH/NOCODE"
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "UMLS/C3714501",
      "preferredTerm": "Insulin Drug Class",
      "vocabularyCodes": [
        "MTH/NOCODE",
        "VANDF/4021631"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "relationships": [
    {
      "subjectId": "1",
      "objectId": "2",
      "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
    },
    {
      "subjectId": "1",
      "objectId": "3",
      "confidence": 0.99964696168899536
    },
    {
      "subjectId": "4",
      "objectId": "1",
      "confidence": 0.68552839756011963
    }
  ],
  "fhirBundle": "{\n    \"entry\": [\n      {\n        \"fullUrl\": \"urn:uuid:7e6e2323-f9e3-4241-bb84-1a8ff997ef99\",\n        \"request\": {\n          \"method\": \"POST\",\n          \"url\": \"Condition\"\n        },\n        \"resource\": {\n          \"category\": [\n            {\n              \"coding\": [\n                {\n                  \"code\": \"problem-list-item\",\n                  \"display\": \"Problem List Item\",\n                  \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/condition-category\"\n                }\n              ]\n            }\n          ],\n          \"clinicalStatus\": {\n            \"coding\": [\n              {\n                \"code\": \"active\",\n                \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/condition-clinical\"\n              }\n            ]\n          },\n          \"evidence\": [\n            {\n              \"code\": [\n                {\n                  \"coding\": [\n                    {\n                      \"code\": \"C0011847\",\n                      \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n                    },\n                    {\n                      \"code\": \"C0011849\",\n                      \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n                    },\n                    {\n                      \"code\": \"C0241863\",\n                      \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n                    }\n                  ]\n                }\n              ]\n            }\n          ],\n          \"extension\": [\n            {\n              \"url\": \"temporalrelationship\",\n              \"valueCode\": \"CURRENT\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"certaintyassessment\",\n              \"valueCode\": \"LIKELY\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"g.co/fhir/StructureDefinition/healthcare_nlp\",\n              \"valueCodeableConcept\": {\n                \"coding\": [\n                  {\n                    \"code\": \"C0011847\",\n                    \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n                  },\n                  {\n                    \"code\": \"C0011849\",\n                    \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n                  },\n                  {\n                    \"code\": \"C0241863\",\n                    \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n                  }\n                ]\n              }\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"source\",\n              \"valueReference\": {\n                \"id\": \"#Document1\"\n              }\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"source_offset\",\n              \"valueInteger\": 52\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"entityconfidence\",\n              \"valueDecimal\": 0.995180\n            }\n          ],\n          \"meta\": {\n            \"source\": \"https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1alpha2/projects/\u003cPROJECTNAME\u003e/locations/\u003cLOCATION\u003e/services/nlp:analyzeEntities\"\n          },\n          \"resourceType\": \"Condition\",\n          \"subject\": {\n            \"reference\": \"Patient/Patient/\u003cPATIENT_ID\u003e\"\n          },\n          \"text\": {\n            \"div\": \"\u003cdiv xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\\\"\u003e\u003cPreferred Term\u003e \u003cOptional: Date\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\",\n            \"status\": \"generated\"\n          },\n          \"verificationStatus\": {\n            \"coding\": [\n              {\n                \"code\": \"confirmed\",\n                \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/condition-ver-status\"\n              }\n            ]\n          }\n        }\n      },\n      {\n        \"fullUrl\": \"urn:uuid:04be4df6-4bbc-4fb5-a62f-fb82e644b8d2\",\n        \"request\": {\n          \"method\": \"POST\",\n          \"url\": \"MedicationStatement\"\n        },\n        \"resource\": {\n          \"dosage\": [\n            {\n              \"route\": {\n                \"coding\": [\n                  {\n                    \"code\": \"C0348016\",\n                    \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n                  }\n                ]\n              }\n            }\n          ],\n          \"effectivePeriod\": {\n            \"start\": \"2024-02-06T16:55:32+00:00\"\n          },\n          \"extension\": [\n            {\n              \"url\": \"dosage\",\n              \"valueString\": \"5 units\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"temporalrelationship\",\n              \"valueCode\": \"UPCOMING\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"certaintyassessment\",\n              \"valueCode\": \"LIKELY\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"url\": \"entityconfidence\",\n              \"valueDecimal\": 0.621288\n            }\n          ],\n          \"medicationCodeableConcept\": {\n            \"coding\": [\n              {\n                \"code\": \"C0021641\",\n                \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"code\": \"C0795635\",\n                \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"code\": \"C1533581\",\n                \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"code\": \"C3537244\",\n                \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"code\": \"C3714501\",\n                \"system\": \"http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/umls\"\n              }\n            ],\n            \"text\": \"Insulin regimen\"\n          },\n          \"meta\": {\n            \"source\": \"https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1alpha2/projects/\u003cPROJECTNAME\u003e/locations/\u003cLOCATION\u003e/services/nlp:analyzeEntities\"\n          },\n          \"reasonReference\": [\n            {\n              \"display\": \"7e6e2323-f9e3-4241-bb84-1a8ff997ef99\"\n            }\n          ],\n          \"resourceType\": \"MedicationStatement\",\n          \"status\": \"active\",\n          \"subject\": {\n            \"reference\": \"Patient/Patient/\u003cPATIENT_ID\u003e\"\n          },\n          \"text\": {\n            \"div\": \"\u003cdiv xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\\\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\",\n            \"status\": \"generated\"\n          }\n        }\n      },\n      {\n        \"fullUrl\": \"urn:uuid:f62fdb4b-a561-4855-96c8-23e41d8ad7b0\",\n        \"request\": {\n          \"method\": \"POST\",\n          \"url\": \"DocumentReference\"\n        },\n        \"resource\": {\n          \"content\": [\n            {\n              \"attachment\": {\n                \"url\": \"\u003cDOC_REFER\u003e\"\n              }\n            }\n          ],\n          \"meta\": {\n            \"source\": \"https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1alpha2/projects/\u003cPROJECTNAME\u003e/locations/\u003cLOCATION\u003e/services/nlp:analyzeEntities\"\n          },\n          \"resourceType\": \"DocumentReference\",\n          \"status\": \"current\",\n          \"subject\": {\n            \"id\": \"Patient/\u003cPATIENT_ID\u003e\"\n          }\n        }\n      }\n    ],\n    \"resourceType\": \"Bundle\",\n    \"type\": \"transaction\"\n  }"
}