创建和管理 FHIR 资源

本页面介绍了如何创建、更新、修补、查看、列出、检索和删除 FHIR 资源。

FHIR 资源可以包含有关患者、设备、观察结果之类的数据。如需查看 FHIR 资源的完整列表，请参阅 FHIR 资源索引（DSTU2、STU3 或 R4）。

本页面上的 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区；如果您使用的是 DSTU2 或 STU3 FHIR 存储区，不能保证可以正常工作。 如果您使用的是 DSTU2 或 STU3 FHIR 存储区，请参阅官方 FHIR 文档，了解如何将示例转换为您正在使用的 FHIR 版本。

Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

创建 FHIR 资源

您必须先创建一个 FHIR 存储区，然后才能创建 FHIR 资源。

curl、PowerShell 和 Python 示例演示了如何创建以下 FHIR 资源：

  1. 患者（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）资源
  2. 患者的相遇（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）资源
  3. 相遇的观察结果（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）资源

所有其他语言的示例展示了如何创建通用 FHIR 资源。

如需了解详情，请参阅 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.create。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

REST

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "name": [
    {
      "use": "official",
      "family": "Smith",
      "given": [
        "Darcy"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "gender": "female",
  "birthDate": "1970-01-01",
  "resourceType": "Patient"
}

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "name": [
    {
      "use": "official",
      "family": "Smith",
      "given": [
        "Darcy"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "gender": "female",
  "birthDate": "1970-01-01",
  "resourceType": "Patient"
}
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X POST \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Patient"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
{
  "name": [
    {
      "use": "official",
      "family": "Smith",
      "given": [
        "Darcy"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "gender": "female",
  "birthDate": "1970-01-01",
  "resourceType": "Patient"
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Patient" | Select-Object -Expand Content

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

Go

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// createFHIRResource creates an FHIR resource.
func createFHIRResource(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	payload := map[string]interface{}{
		"resourceType": resourceType,
		"language":     "FR",
	}
	jsonPayload, err := json.Marshal(payload)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("json.Encode: %w", err)
	}

	parent := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID)

	call := fhirService.Create(parent, resourceType, bytes.NewReader(jsonPayload))
	call.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8")
	resp, err := call.Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Create: %w", err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	respBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not read response: %w", err)
	}

	if resp.StatusCode > 299 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Create: status %d %s: %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status, respBytes)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", respBytes)

	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourceCreate {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME = "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourceCreate(String fhirStoreName, String resourceType)
      throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String fhirStoreName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "your-project-id", "your-region-id", "your-dataset-id", "your-fhir-id");
    // String resourceType = "Patient";

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();
    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s/fhir/%s", client.getRootUrl(), fhirStoreName, resourceType);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());
    StringEntity requestEntity =
        new StringEntity("{\"resourceType\": \"" + resourceType + "\", \"language\": \"en\"}");

    HttpUriRequest request =
        RequestBuilder.post()
            .setUri(uriBuilder.build())
            .setEntity(requestEntity)
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json")
            .addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
            .addHeader("Accept", "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8")
            .build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_CREATED) {
      System.err.print(
          String.format(
              "Exception creating FHIR resource: %s\n", response.getStatusLine().toString()));
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException();
    }
    System.out.print("FHIR resource created: ");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
  headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/fhir+json'},
});

async function createFhirResource() {
  // Replace the following body with the data for the resource you want to
  // create.
  const body = {
    name: [{use: 'official', family: 'Smith', given: ['Darcy']}],
    gender: 'female',
    birthDate: '1970-01-01',
    resourceType: 'Patient',
  };

  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  const parent = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}`;

  const request = {parent, type: resourceType, requestBody: body};
  const resource =
    await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.create(
      request
    );
  console.log(`Created FHIR resource with ID ${resource.data.id}`);
  console.log(resource.data);
}

createFhirResource();

Python

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def create_patient(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Creates a new Patient resource in a FHIR store.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#create
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store that holds the Patient resource.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the created Patient resource.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_store_name = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}"

    patient_body = {
        "name": [{"use": "official", "family": "Smith", "given": ["Darcy"]}],
        "gender": "female",
        "birthDate": "1970-01-01",
        "resourceType": "Patient",
    }

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .create(parent=fhir_store_name, type="Patient", body=patient_body)
    )
    # Sets required application/fhir+json header on the googleapiclient.http.HttpRequest.
    request.headers["content-type"] = "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"
    response = request.execute()

    print(f"Created Patient resource with ID {response['id']}")
    return response

创建“患者”资源后，请创建“相遇”资源来说明患者与医生之间的交互。

在 PATIENT_ID 字段中，替换创建患者资源时服务器返回的响应中的 ID。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

REST

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • PATIENT_ID：创建患者资源时服务器返回的响应

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "status": "finished",
  "class": {
    "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/v3/ActCode",
    "code": "IMP",
    "display": "inpatient encounter"
  },
  "reasonCode": [
    {
      "text": "The patient had an abnormal heart rate. She was concerned about this."
    }
  ],
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "resourceType": "Encounter"
}

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "status": "finished",
  "class": {
    "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/v3/ActCode",
    "code": "IMP",
    "display": "inpatient encounter"
  },
  "reasonCode": [
    {
      "text": "The patient had an abnormal heart rate. She was concerned about this."
    }
  ],
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "resourceType": "Encounter"
}
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X POST \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Encounter"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
{
  "status": "finished",
  "class": {
    "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/v3/ActCode",
    "code": "IMP",
    "display": "inpatient encounter"
  },
  "reasonCode": [
    {
      "text": "The patient had an abnormal heart rate. She was concerned about this."
    }
  ],
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "resourceType": "Encounter"
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Encounter" | Select-Object -Expand Content

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

Python

在试用此示例之前，请按照使用客户端库的 Cloud Healthcare API 快速入门中的 Python 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Healthcare API Python API 参考文档。

如需向 Cloud Healthcare API 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。 

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def create_encounter(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    patient_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Creates a new Encounter resource in a FHIR store that references a Patient resource.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#create
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      patient_id: The "logical id" of the referenced Patient resource. The ID is
        assigned by the server.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the created Encounter resource.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # patient_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'  # replace with the associated Patient resource's ID
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_store_name = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}"

    encounter_body = {
        "status": "finished",
        "class": {
            "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/v3/ActCode",
            "code": "IMP",
            "display": "inpatient encounter",
        },
        "reason": [
            {
                "text": (
                    "The patient had an abnormal heart rate. She was"
                    " concerned about this."
                )
            }
        ],
        "subject": {"reference": f"Patient/{patient_id}"},
        "resourceType": "Encounter",
    }

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .create(parent=fhir_store_name, type="Encounter", body=encounter_body)
    )
    # Sets required application/fhir+json header on the googleapiclient.http.HttpRequest.
    request.headers["content-type"] = "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"
    response = request.execute()
    print(f"Created Encounter resource with ID {response['id']}")

    return response

创建 Encounter 资源后，创建与 Encounter 资源相关联的观察资源。Observation 资源用于测量患者的心率，以每分钟心跳次数 (BPM) 为单位（bpm 中为 80）。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

REST

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • PATIENT_ID：在您创建患者资源时服务器返回的响应中的 ID
  • ENCOUNTER_ID：您创建 Encounter 资源时服务器返回的响应中的 ID

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": 80,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": 80,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X POST \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": 80,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation" | Select-Object -Expand Content

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

Python

在试用此示例之前，请按照使用客户端库的 Cloud Healthcare API 快速入门中的 Python 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Healthcare API Python API 参考文档。

如需向 Cloud Healthcare API 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。 

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def create_observation(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    patient_id: str,
    encounter_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Creates a new Observation resource in a FHIR store that references an Encounter and Patient resource.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#create
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      patient_id: The "logical id" of the referenced Patient resource. The ID is
        assigned by the server.
      encounter_id: The "logical id" of the referenced Encounter resource. The ID
        is assigned by the server.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the created Observation resource.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # patient_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'  # replace with the associated Patient resource's ID
    # encounter_id = 'a7602f-ffba-470a-a5c1-103f993c6  # replace with the associated Encounter resource's ID
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_observation_path = (
        f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/Observation"
    )

    observation_body = {
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "code": {
            "coding": [
                {
                    "system": "http://loinc.org",
                    "code": "8867-4",
                    "display": "Heart rate",
                }
            ]
        },
        "status": "final",
        "subject": {"reference": f"Patient/{patient_id}"},
        "effectiveDateTime": "2019-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "valueQuantity": {"value": 80, "unit": "bpm"},
        "context": {"reference": f"Encounter/{encounter_id}"},
    }

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .create(
            parent=fhir_observation_path,
            type="Observation",
            body=observation_body,
        )
    )
    # Sets required application/fhir+json header on the googleapiclient.http.HttpRequest.
    request.headers["content-type"] = "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"
    response = request.execute()
    print(f"Created Observation resource with ID {response['id']}")

    return response

有条件地创建 FHIR 资源

以下 curl 示例展示了如何使用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.create 方法有条件地创建 FHIR 资源。该方法会实现 FHIR 条件 create 交互（DSTU2、STU3、R4）。

使用条件创建来避免创建重复的 FHIR 资源。例如， FHIR 服务器中的每一位患者资源都有一个唯一标识符，例如医疗记录编号 (MRN)。如需创建新的患者资源并验证是否已存在具有相同 MRN 的患者资源，请有条件地创建新资源。只有在搜索查询没有匹配项时，Cloud Healthcare API 才会创建新资源。

服务器的响应取决于有多少资源与搜索查询匹配：

会匹配出的结果 HTTP 响应代码 行为
零 200 OK 创建新资源。
一个 200 OK 不会创建新资源。
不止一个 412 Precondition Failed 不会创建新资源，并且会返回 "search criteria are not selective enough" 错误。

如需使用条件 create 互动（而不是 create 互动），请在请求中指定包含 FHIR 搜索查询的 If-None-Exist HTTP 标头：

If-None-Exist: FHIR_SEARCH_QUERY

在 Cloud Healthcare API v1 中，条件操作仅使用 identifier 搜索参数（如果 FHIR 资源类型存在该参数）来确定哪些 FHIR 资源与条件搜索查询匹配。

REST

以下示例演示了如何使用 If-None-Exist: identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345 HTTP 标头创建 Observation 资源。当且仅当没有任何现有观察资源与查询 identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345 匹配时，Cloud Healthcare API 才会创建资源。

curl -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
  -H "If-None-Exist: identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345" \
  -d @request.json \
  "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation"

以下示例输出故意显示了一个失败的请求。如需查看成功请求的响应，请参阅创建 FHIR 资源。

如果多个观察资源与查询匹配，Cloud Healthcare API 会返回以下响应，并且条件创建请求会失败：

{
  "issue": [
    {
      "code": "conflict",
      "details": {
        "text": "ambiguous_query"
      },
      "diagnostics": "search criteria are not selective enough",
      "severity": "error"
    }
  ],
  "resourceType": "OperationOutcome"
}

更新 FHIR 资源

以下示例展示了如何使用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.update 方法更新 FHIR 资源。该方法实现 FHIR 标准更新交互（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）。

当您更新资源时，该资源的全部内容都会更新。 这与修补资源不同，后者只会更新资源的一部分内容。

如果 FHIR 存储区设置了 enableUpdateCreate，则请求将被视为 upsert 操作（更新或插入），该操作会更新资源（如果资源存在）或者使用该请求中指定的 ID 插入资源（如果资源不存在）。

请求正文必须包含 JSON 编码的 FHIR 资源，而请求标头必须包含 Content-Type: application/fhir+json。该资源必须包含一个 id 元素，其值与请求的 REST 路径中的 ID 值相同。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

REST

以下示例展示了如何更新观察资源中的每分钟心跳次数 (BPM)。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • OBSERVATION_ID：观察资源 ID
  • PATIENT_ID：患者资源 ID
  • ENCOUNTER_ID：遇到资源 ID
  • BPM_VALUE：已更新的观察资源中的每分钟心跳次数 (BPM) 值

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": BPM_VALUE,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": BPM_VALUE,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X PUT \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": BPM_VALUE,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method PUT `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer

复制请求正文并打开方法参考页面。API Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。将请求正文粘贴到此工具中，填写任何其他必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

Go

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// updateFHIRResource updates an FHIR resource to be active or not.
func updateFHIRResource(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID string, active bool) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	// The following payload works with a Patient resource and is not
	// intended to work with other types of FHIR resources. If necessary,
	// supply a new payload with data that corresponds to the FHIR resource
	// you are updating.
	payload := map[string]interface{}{
		"resourceType": resourceType,
		"id":           fhirResourceID,
		"active":       active,
	}
	jsonPayload, err := json.Marshal(payload)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("json.Encode: %w", err)
	}

	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID)

	call := fhirService.Update(name, bytes.NewReader(jsonPayload))
	call.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8")
	resp, err := call.Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Update: %w", err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	respBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not read response: %w", err)
	}

	if resp.StatusCode > 299 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Update: status %d %s: %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status, respBytes)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", respBytes)

	return nil
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
  headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/fhir+json'},
});

const updateFhirResource = async () => {
  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  // const resourceId = '16e8a860-33b3-49be-9b03-de979feed14a';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/${resourceType}/${resourceId}`;
  // The following body works with a Patient resource and is not intended
  // to work with other types of FHIR resources. If necessary, supply a new
  // body with data that corresponds to the FHIR resource you are updating.
  const body = {resourceType: resourceType, id: resourceId, active: true};
  const request = {name, requestBody: body};

  const resource =
    await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.update(
      request
    );
  console.log(`Updated ${resourceType} resource:\n`, resource.data);
};

updateFhirResource();

Python

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def update_resource(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    resource_type: str,
    resource_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Updates the entire contents of a FHIR resource.

    Creates a new current version if the resource already exists, or creates
    a new resource with an initial version if no resource already exists with
    the provided ID.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#update
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      resource_type: The type of the FHIR resource.
      resource_id: The "logical id" of the resource. The ID is assigned by the
        server.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the updated FHIR resource.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # resource_type = 'Patient'
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_resource_path = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/{resource_type}/{resource_id}"

    # The following sample body works with a Patient resource and isn't guaranteed
    # to work with other types of FHIR resources. If necessary,
    # supply a new body with data that corresponds to the resource you
    # are updating.
    patient_body = {
        "resourceType": resource_type,
        "active": True,
        "id": resource_id,
    }

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .update(name=fhir_resource_path, body=patient_body)
    )
    # Sets required application/fhir+json header on the googleapiclient.http.HttpRequest.
    request.headers["content-type"] = "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"
    response = request.execute()

    print(
        f"Updated {resource_type} resource with ID {resource_id}:\n"
        f" {json.dumps(response, indent=2)}"
    )

    return response

有条件地更新 FHIR 资源

以下示例展示了如何调用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.conditionalUpdate 方法来更新与搜索查询匹配的 FHIR 资源，而不是按资源 ID 来标识资源。该方法实现 FHIR 标准有条件地更新交互（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）。

条件更新一次只能应用于一个 FHIR 资源。

服务器返回的响应取决于与搜索条件的匹配项数量：

  • 一个匹配项：资源已成功更新或返回错误。
  • 多个匹配项：请求返回 412 Precondition Failed 错误。
  • 零匹配，且具有 id：如果搜索条件找到零匹配项，提供的请求正文包含 id，并且 FHIR 存储区的 enableUpdateCreate 设置为 true，则系统会使用请求正文中的 id 创建 FHIR 资源。
  • 零匹配项不带 id：如果搜索条件找到零项并且提供的请求正文不包含 id，则系统会使用服务器分配的 ID 创建 FHIR 资源，如同使用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.create 创建资源一样。

请求正文必须包含 JSON 编码的 FHIR 资源，而请求标头必须包含 Content-Type: application/fhir+json。

在 Cloud Healthcare API v1 中，条件操作仅使用 identifier 搜索参数（如果 FHIR 资源类型存在该参数）来确定哪些 FHIR 资源与条件搜索查询匹配。

REST

以下示例展示了如何使用 curl 和 PowerShell 发送 PUT 请求，以使用观察的标识符（my-code-system 中的 ABC-12345）修改观察资源。观察可测量患者的每分钟心跳数 (BPM)。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • PATIENT_ID：患者资源 ID
  • ENCOUNTER_ID：遇到资源 ID
  • BPM_VALUE：观察资源中的每分钟心跳次数 (BPM) 值

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": BPM_VALUE,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": BPM_VALUE,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X PUT \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation?identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "identifier": [
    {
      "system": "my-code-system",
      "value": "ABC-12345"
    }
  ],
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "8867-4",
        "display": "Heart rate"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": BPM_VALUE,
    "unit": "bpm"
  },
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  }
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method PUT `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation?identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer

复制请求正文并打开方法参考页面。API Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。将请求正文粘贴到此工具中，填写任何其他必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

修补 FHIR 资源

以下示例展示了如何调用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.patch 方法来修补 FHIR 资源。该方法实现 FHIR 标准修补交互（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）。

修补资源时，通过应用JSON 补丁文档中指定的操作来更新资源的一部分。

请求必须包含 JSON 补丁文档，而请求标头必须包含 Content-Type: application/json-patch+json。

以下示例展示了如何修补观察资源。对患者每分钟心跳 (BPM) 的观察通过 replace 修补操作进行更新。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

REST

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • OBSERVATION_ID：观察资源 ID
  • BPM_VALUE：已修补的观察资源中的每分钟心跳次数 (BPM) 值

请求 JSON 正文：

[
  {
    "op": "replace",
    "path": "/valueQuantity/value",
    "value": BPM_VALUE
  }
]

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
[
  {
    "op": "replace",
    "path": "/valueQuantity/value",
    "value": BPM_VALUE
  }
]
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X PATCH \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json-patch+json" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
[
  {
    "op": "replace",
    "path": "/valueQuantity/value",
    "value": BPM_VALUE
  }
]
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method PATCH `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json-patch+json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

Go

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// patchFHIRResource patches an FHIR resource to be active or not.
func patchFHIRResource(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID string, active bool) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	// The following payload works with a Patient resource and is not intended to work with
	// other types of FHIR resources. If necessary, supply a new payload with data that
	// corresponds to the FHIR resource you are patching.
	payload := []map[string]interface{}{
		{
			"op":    "replace",
			"path":  "/active",
			"value": active,
		},
	}
	jsonPayload, err := json.Marshal(payload)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("json.Encode: %w", err)
	}

	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID)

	call := fhirService.Patch(name, bytes.NewReader(jsonPayload))
	call.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json-patch+json")
	resp, err := call.Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Patch: %w", err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	respBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not read response: %w", err)
	}

	if resp.StatusCode > 299 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Patch: status %d %s: %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status, respBytes)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", respBytes)

	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourcePatch {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME =
      "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourcePatch(String resourceName, String data)
      throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String resourceName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "project-id", "region-id", "dataset-id", "store-id", "resource-type",
    // "resource-id");
    // The following data works with a Patient resource and is not intended to work with
    // other types of FHIR resources. If necessary, supply new values for data that
    // correspond to the FHIR resource you are patching.
    // String data = "[{\"op\": \"replace\", \"path\": \"/active\", \"value\": false}]";

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();

    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s", client.getRootUrl(), resourceName);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());
    StringEntity requestEntity = new StringEntity(data);

    HttpUriRequest request =
        RequestBuilder.patch(uriBuilder.build())
            .setEntity(requestEntity)
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json-patch+json")
            .addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
            .addHeader("Accept", "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8")
            .build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      System.err.print(
          String.format(
              "Exception patching FHIR resource: %s\n", response.getStatusLine().toString()));
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException();
    }
    System.out.println("FHIR resource patched: ");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
  headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json-patch+json'},
});

async function patchFhirResource() {
  // TODO(developer): replace patchOptions with your desired JSON patch body
  const patchOptions = [{op: 'replace', path: '/active', value: false}];

  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  // const resourceId = '16e8a860-33b3-49be-9b03-de979feed14a';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/${resourceType}/${resourceId}`;
  const request = {
    name,
    requestBody: patchOptions,
  };

  await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.patch(request);
  console.log(`Patched ${resourceType} resource`);
}

patchFhirResource();

Python

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def patch_resource(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    resource_type: str,
    resource_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Updates part of an existing FHIR resource by applying the operations specified in a [JSON Patch](http://jsonpatch.com/) document.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#patch
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      resource_type: The type of the FHIR resource.
      resource_id: The "logical id" of the resource. The ID is assigned by the
        server.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the patched FHIR resource.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # resource_type = 'Patient'
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_resource_path = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/{resource_type}/{resource_id}"

    # The following sample body works with a Patient resource and isn't guaranteed
    # to work with other types of FHIR resources. If necessary,
    # supply a new body with data that corresponds to the resource you
    # are updating.
    patient_body = [{"op": "replace", "path": "/active", "value": False}]

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .patch(name=fhir_resource_path, body=patient_body)
    )

    # Sets required application/json-patch+json header.
    # See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902 for more information.
    request.headers["content-type"] = "application/json-patch+json"

    response = request.execute()

    print(
        f"Patched {resource_type} resource with ID {resource_id}:\n"
        f" {json.dumps(response, indent=2)}"
    )

    return response

在 FHIR 软件包中执行 PATCH 请求

您可以在 FHIR 软件包中指定 PATCH 请求（仅限 FHIR R4）。通过在 FHIR 软件包中执行 PATCH 请求，您可以一次修补多个 FHIR 资源，而不必为每个 FHIR 资源发出单独的修补请求。

如需在软件包中发出 PATCH 请求，请在请求的 resource 对象中指定以下信息：

  • 设置为 Binary 的 resourceType 字段
  • 设置为 application/json-patch+json 的 contentType 字段
  • 采用 base64 编码的补丁正文

确保 resource 对象如下所示：

"resource": {
  "resourceType": "Binary",
  "contentType": "application/json-patch+json",
  "data": "WyB7ICJvcCI6ICJyZXBsYWNlIiwgInBhdGgiOiAiL2JpcnRoRGF0ZSIsICJ2YWx1ZSI6ICIxOTkwLTAxLTAxIiB9IF0K"
}

下面显示了在 data 字段中编码为 base64 格式的补丁正文：

[
  {
    "op": "replace",
    "path": "/birthdate",
    "value": "1990-01-01"
  }
]

以下示例展示了如何使用软件包中的 PATCH 请求修补您在创建 FHIR 资源中创建的患者资源，以将 birthDate 值为 1990-01-01：

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
  • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • PATIENT_ID：现有患者资源的 ID

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "type": "transaction",
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {
        "method": "PATCH",
        "url": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
      },
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Binary",
        "contentType": "application/json-patch+json",
        "data": "WyB7ICJvcCI6ICJyZXBsYWNlIiwgInBhdGgiOiAiL2JpcnRoRGF0ZSIsICJ2YWx1ZSI6ICIxOTkwLTAxLTAxIiB9IF0K"
      }
    }
  ]
}

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "type": "transaction",
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {
        "method": "PATCH",
        "url": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
      },
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Binary",
        "contentType": "application/json-patch+json",
        "data": "WyB7ICJvcCI6ICJyZXBsYWNlIiwgInBhdGgiOiAiL2JpcnRoRGF0ZSIsICJ2YWx1ZSI6ICIxOTkwLTAxLTAxIiB9IF0K"
      }
    }
  ]
}
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X POST \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
{
  "type": "transaction",
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {
        "method": "PATCH",
        "url": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
      },
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Binary",
        "contentType": "application/json-patch+json",
        "data": "WyB7ICJvcCI6ICJyZXBsYWNlIiwgInBhdGgiOiAiL2JpcnRoRGF0ZSIsICJ2YWx1ZSI6ICIxOTkwLTAxLTAxIiB9IF0K"
      }
    }
  ]
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir" | Select-Object -Expand Content

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

有条件地修补 FHIR 资源

以下示例展示了如何调用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.conditionalPatch 方法来修补与搜索查询匹配的 FHIR 资源，而不是按资源 ID 来标识资源。该方法实现 FHIR 标准有条件地修补交互（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）。

一项资源一次只能应用一个有条件地修补。如果搜索条件识别多个匹配项，则请求会返回 412 Precondition Failed 错误。

在 Cloud Healthcare API v1 中，条件操作仅使用 identifier 搜索参数（如果 FHIR 资源类型存在该参数）来确定哪些 FHIR 资源与条件搜索查询匹配。

REST

以下示例展示了如何使用 curl 和 PowerShell 发送 PATCH 请求，以便在 my-code-system 中的观察的标识符为 ABC-12345 时修改观察资源。对患者每分钟心跳 (BPM) 的观察是使用 replace 补丁操作进行更新。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • BPM_VALUE：观察资源中的每分钟心跳次数 (BPM) 值

请求 JSON 正文：

[
  {
    "op": "replace",
    "path": "/valueQuantity/value",
    "value": BPM_VALUE
  }
]

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

cat > request.json << 'EOF'
[
  {
    "op": "replace",
    "path": "/valueQuantity/value",
    "value": BPM_VALUE
  }
]
EOF

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

curl -X PATCH \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json-patch+json" \
    -d @request.json \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation?identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345"

PowerShell

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

@'
[
  {
    "op": "replace",
    "path": "/valueQuantity/value",
    "value": BPM_VALUE
  }
]
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method PATCH `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json-patch+json" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation?identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer

复制请求正文并打开方法参考页面。API Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。将请求正文粘贴到此工具中，填写任何其他必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

获得 FHIR 资源

以下示例展示了如何使用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.read 方法获取 FHIR 资源的内容。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

控制台

如需获取 FHIR 资源的内容，请按照以下步骤操作：

  1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，进入 FHIR 查看器页面。

    转到 FHIR 查看器

  2. 在 FHIR 存储区 (FHIR Store) 下拉列表中，选择一个数据集，然后在该数据集中选择 FHIR 存储区。

  3. 如需过滤资源类型列表，请搜索要显示的资源类型。

  4. 点击资源类型字段。

  5. 在显示的属性下拉列表中，选择资源类型。

  6. 输入一种资源类型。

  7. 如需搜索其他资源类型，请从显示的运算符下拉列表中选择 OR，然后输入其他资源类型。

  8. 在资源类型列表中，选择您要获取其内容的资源的类型。

  9. 在显示的资源表中，选择或搜索资源。

REST

以下示例展示了如何获取在上一部分中创建的观察资源的详细信息。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • OBSERVATION_ID：观察资源 ID

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

执行以下命令： 

curl -X GET \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID"

PowerShell

执行以下命令： 

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method GET `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer

打开方法参考页面。API Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// getFHIRResource gets an FHIR resource.
func getFHIRResource(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID)

	call := fhirService.Read(name)
	call.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8")
	resp, err := call.Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Read: %w", err)
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()

	respBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not read response: %w", err)
	}

	if resp.StatusCode > 299 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Read: status %d %s: %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status, respBytes)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", respBytes)

	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourceGet {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME =
      "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourceGet(String resourceName) throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String resourceName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "project-id", "region-id", "dataset-id", "store-id", "resource-type",
    //  "resource-id");

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();
    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s", client.getRootUrl(), resourceName);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());

    HttpUriRequest request = RequestBuilder.get().setUri(uriBuilder.build()).build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      String errorMessage =
          String.format(
              "Exception retrieving FHIR resource: %s\n", response.getStatusLine().toString());
      System.err.print(errorMessage);
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException(errorMessage);
    }
    System.out.println("FHIR resource retrieved: ");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
});

const getFhirResource = async () => {
  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  // const resourceId = '16e8a860-33b3-49be-9b03-de979feed14a';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/${resourceType}/${resourceId}`;
  const request = {name};

  const resource =
    await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.read(
      request
    );
  console.log(`Got ${resourceType} resource:\n`, resource.data);
};

getFhirResource();

Python

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def get_resource(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    resource_type: str,
    resource_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Gets the contents of a FHIR resource.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#read
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      resource_type: The type of FHIR resource.
      resource_id: The "logical id" of the resource you want to get the contents
        of. The ID is assigned by the server.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the FHIR resource.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # resource_type = 'Patient'
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_resource_path = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/{resource_type}/{resource_id}"

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .read(name=fhir_resource_path)
    )
    response = request.execute()
    print(
        f"Got contents of {resource_type} resource with ID {resource_id}:\n",
        json.dumps(response, indent=2),
    )

    return response

获取所有患者隔离区资源

以下示例展示了如何获取与特定患者隔离区（DSTU2、STU3 和 R4）关联的所有资源。如需了解详情，请参阅 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.Patient-everything。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

curl

要获取患者隔离区中的资源，请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 患者的 ID
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 curl 的 GET 请求。

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)" \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Patient/PATIENT_ID/\$everything"

如果请求成功，则服务器返回 JSON 格式的类似下列示例的响应：

{
  "entry": [
    {
      "resource": {
        "birthDate": "1970-01-01",
        "gender": "female",
        "id": "PATIENT_ID",
        "name": [
          {
            "family": "Smith",
            "given": [
              "Darcy"
            ],
            "use": "official"
          }
        ],
        "resourceType": "Patient"
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "class": {
          "code": "IMP",
          "display": "inpatient encounter",
          "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/v3/ActCode"
        },
        "id": "ENCOUNTER_ID",
        "reasonCode": [
          {
            "text": "The patient had an abnormal heart rate. She was concerned about this."
          }
        ],
        "resourceType": "Encounter",
        "status": "finished",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "encounter": {
          "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
        },
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "status": "final",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        },
        "valueQuantity": {
          "unit": "bpm",
          "value": BPM_VALUE
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "searchset"
}

PowerShell

要获取患者隔离区中的资源，请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 患者的 ID
  • 访问令牌

以下示例显示了使用 PowerShell 的 GET 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
$headers = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-RestMethod `
  -Method Get `
  -Headers $headers `
  -Uri 'https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Patient/RESOURCE_ID/$everything' | ConvertTo-Json

如果请求成功，则服务器返回 JSON 格式的类似下列示例的响应：

{
  "entry": [
    {
      "resource": {
        "birthDate": "1970-01-01",
        "gender": "female",
        "id": "PATIENT_ID",
        "name": [
          {
            "family": "Smith",
            "given": [
              "Darcy"
            ],
            "use": "official"
          }
        ],
        "resourceType": "Patient"
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "class": {
          "code": "IMP",
          "display": "inpatient encounter",
          "system": "http://hl7.org/fhir/v3/ActCode"
        },
        "id": "ENCOUNTER_ID",
        "reasonCode": [
          {
            "text": "The patient had an abnormal heart rate. She was concerned about this."
          }
        ],
        "resourceType": "Encounter",
        "status": "finished",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "encounter": {
          "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
        },
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "status": "final",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        },
        "valueQuantity": {
          "unit": "bpm",
          "value": BPM_VALUE
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "searchset"
}

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// fhirGetPatientEverything gets all resources associated with a particular
// patient compartment.
func fhirGetPatientEverything(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, fhirResourceID string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}
	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir
	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/Patient/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, fhirResourceID)

	resp, err := fhirService.PatientEverything(name).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("PatientEverything: %w", err)
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()

	respBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not read response: %w", err)
	}

	if resp.StatusCode > 299 {
		return fmt.Errorf("PatientEverything: status %d %s: %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status, respBytes)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", respBytes)

	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourceGetPatientEverything {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME =
      "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/Patient/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourceGetPatientEverything(String resourceName)
      throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String resourceName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "project-id", "region-id", "dataset-id", "store-id", "patient-id");

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();

    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s/$everything", client.getRootUrl(), resourceName);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());

    HttpUriRequest request =
        RequestBuilder.get(uriBuilder.build())
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json-patch+json")
            .addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
            .addHeader("Accept", "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8")
            .build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      System.err.print(
          String.format(
              "Exception getting patient everythingresource: %s\n",
              response.getStatusLine().toString()));
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException();
    }
    System.out.println("Patient compartment results: ");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
});

const getPatientEverything = async () => {
  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const patientId = '16e8a860-33b3-49be-9b03-de979feed14a';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/Patient/${patientId}`;
  const request = {name};

  const patientEverything =
    await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.PatientEverything(
      request
    );
  console.log(
    `Got all resources in patient ${patientId} compartment:\n`,
    JSON.stringify(patientEverything)
  );
};

getPatientEverything();

Python

def get_patient_everything(
    project_id,
    location,
    dataset_id,
    fhir_store_id,
    resource_id,
):
    """Gets all the resources in the patient compartment.

    See https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample."""
    # Imports Python's built-in "os" module
    import os

    # Imports the google.auth.transport.requests transport
    from google.auth.transport import requests

    # Imports a module to allow authentication using a service account
    from google.oauth2 import service_account

    # Gets credentials from the environment.
    credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
        os.environ["GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS"]
    )
    scoped_credentials = credentials.with_scopes(
        ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform"]
    )
    # Creates a requests Session object with the credentials.
    session = requests.AuthorizedSession(scoped_credentials)

    # URL to the Cloud Healthcare API endpoint and version
    base_url = "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1"

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'  # replace with your GCP project ID
    # location = 'us-central1'  # replace with the parent dataset's location
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'  # replace with the parent dataset's ID
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store' # replace with the FHIR store ID
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'  # replace with the Patient resource's ID
    url = f"{base_url}/projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}"

    resource_path = "{}/datasets/{}/fhirStores/{}/fhir/{}/{}".format(
        url, dataset_id, fhir_store_id, "Patient", resource_id
    )
    resource_path += "/$everything"

    # Sets required application/fhir+json header on the request
    headers = {"Content-Type": "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"}

    response = session.get(resource_path, headers=headers)
    response.raise_for_status()

    resource = response.json()

    print(json.dumps(resource, indent=2))

    return resource

获取按类型或日期过滤的患者隔离区资源

以下示例展示了如何获取与按一组类型过滤以及自指定日期和时间开始的特定患者隔离区 (R4) 关联的所有资源。如需了解详情，请参阅 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.Patient-everything。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。

curl

要获取指定类型以及自指定日期开始的患者隔离区中的资源，请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 患者的 ID
  • 包含以逗号分隔的资源类型列表和开始日期的查询字符串
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 curl 的 GET 请求。

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)" \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Patient/PATIENT_ID/\$everything?_type=RESOURCE_TYPES&_since=DATE"

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回符合指定条件的资源：

PowerShell

要获取指定类型以及自指定日期开始的患者隔离区中的资源，请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 患者的 ID
  • 包含以逗号分隔的资源类型列表和开始日期的查询字符串
  • 访问令牌

以下示例显示了使用 PowerShell 的 GET 请求：

$cred = gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
$headers = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-RestMethod `
  -Method Get `
  -Headers $headers `
  -Uri 'https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Patient/RESOURCE_ID/$everything?_type=RESOURCE_TYPES&_since=DATE' | ConvertTo-Json

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回符合指定条件的资源：

列出 FHIR 资源版本

以下示例展示了如何列出 FHIR 资源的所有历史版本。如需了解详情，请参阅 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.history。

这些示例使用创建 FHIR 资源中创建的资源，并展示如何列出“观察结果”资源的版本。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

curl

以下示例展示了如何列出“观察结果”资源的所有版本。观察结果在最初创建后更新了一次，以更改患者的每分钟心跳数 (BPM)。

要列出 FHIR 资源的所有版本（包括当前版本和所有已删除的版本），请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 资源类型和 ID
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 curl 的 GET 请求。

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)" \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/_history"

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回响应。在此示例中，它会返回两个版本的观察结果。在第一个版本中，患者的心率是 75 BPM。在第二个版本中，患者的心率是 85 BPM。

{
  "entry": [
    {
      "resource": {
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "2020-01-02T00:00:00+00:00",
          "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDk5Mzk2ODcyODAwMA"
        },
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "status": "final",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        },
        "valueQuantity": {
          "unit": "bpm",
          "value": 85
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "encounter": {
          "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
        },
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
          "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDg4MTY0MzQ3MjAwMA"
        },
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "status": "final",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        },
        "valueQuantity": {
          "unit": "bpm",
          "value": 75
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "history"
}

PowerShell

以下示例展示了如何列出“观察结果”资源的所有版本。观察结果在最初创建后更新了一次，以更改患者的每分钟心跳数 (BPM)。

要列出 FHIR 资源的所有版本（包括当前版本和所有已删除的版本），请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 资源类型和 ID
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 PowerShell 的 GET 请求。

$cred = gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
$headers = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-RestMethod `
  -Method Get `
  -Headers $headers `
  -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/_history" | Select-Object -Expand Content

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回响应。在此示例中，它会返回两个版本的观察结果。在第一个版本中，患者的心率是 75 BPM。在第二个版本中，患者的心率是 85 BPM。

{
  "entry": [
    {
      "resource": {
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "2020-01-02T00:00:00+00:00",
          "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDk5Mzk2ODcyODAwMA"
        },
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "status": "final",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        },
        "valueQuantity": {
          "unit": "bpm",
          "value": 85
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "resource": {
        "encounter": {
          "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
        },
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
          "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDg4MTY0MzQ3MjAwMA"
        },
        "resourceType": "Observation",
        "status": "final",
        "subject": {
          "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
        },
        "valueQuantity": {
          "unit": "bpm",
          "value": 75
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "history"
}

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// listFHIRResourceHistory lists an FHIR resource's history.
func listFHIRResourceHistory(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID)

	resp, err := fhirService.History(name).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("History: %w", err)
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()

	respBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not read response: %w", err)
	}

	if resp.StatusCode > 299 {
		return fmt.Errorf("History: status %d %s: %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status, respBytes)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", respBytes)

	return nil
}

Java


import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourceListHistory {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME =
      "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourceListHistory(String resourceName)
      throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String resourceName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "project-id", "region-id", "dataset-id", "store-id", "resource-type",
    //  "resource-id");

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();

    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s/_history", client.getRootUrl(), resourceName);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());

    HttpUriRequest request =
        RequestBuilder.get()
            .setUri(uriBuilder.build())
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json")
            .addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
            .addHeader("Accept", "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8")
            .build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      System.err.print(
          String.format(
              "Exception retrieving FHIR history: %s\n", response.getStatusLine().toString()));
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException();
    }
    System.out.println("FHIR resource history retrieved: ");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
});

const listFhirResourceHistory = async () => {
  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  // const resourceId = '16e8a860-33b3-49be-9b03-de979feed14a';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/${resourceType}/${resourceId}/_history`;
  const request = {name};

  const resource =
    await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.read(
      request
    );
  console.log(JSON.stringify(resource.data, null, 2));
};

listFhirResourceHistory();

Python

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def list_resource_history(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    resource_type: str,
    resource_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Gets the history of a resource.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#history
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      resource_type: The type of FHIR resource.
      resource_id: The "logical id" of the resource whose history you want to
        list. The ID is assigned by the server.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the FHIR resource.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # resource_type = 'Patient'
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_resource_path = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/{resource_type}/{resource_id}"

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .history(name=fhir_resource_path)
    )
    response = request.execute()
    print(
        f"History for {resource_type} resource with ID {resource_id}:\n"
        f" {json.dumps(response, indent=2)}"
    )
    return response

检索 FHIR 资源版本

以下示例展示了如何检索资源的特定版本。 如需了解详情，请参阅 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.vread。

下面着重强调列出 FHIR 资源版本中的“观察结果”资源的版本 ID：

{
  "entry": [
    {
      "resource": {
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "2020-01-02T00:00:00+00:00",
          "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDk5Mzk2ODcyODAwMA"
        },
...
    {
      "resource": {
        "encounter": {
          "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
        },
        "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
          "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDg4MTY0MzQ3MjAwMA"
        },
...
}

以下示例使用创建 FHIR 资源中创建的资源，并展示如何查看“观察结果”资源。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

curl

要获取 FHIR 资源的特定版本，请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 资源类型和 ID
  • 资源版本
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 curl 的 GET 请求。

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)" \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/_history/RESOURCE_VERSION"

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回响应。在此示例中，服务器会返回第一个版本的观察结果，其中患者的心率是 75 BPM。

{
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
  "meta": {
    "lastUpdated": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
    "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDg4MTY0MzQ3MjAwMA"
  },
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "unit": "bpm",
    "value": 75
  }
}

PowerShell

要获取 FHIR 资源的特定版本，请发出 GET 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 资源类型和 ID
  • 资源版本
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 curl 的 GET 请求。

$cred = gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
$headers = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-RestMethod `
  -Method Get `
  -Headers $headers `
  -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/RESOURCE_VERSION/_history" | Select-Object -Expand Content

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回响应。在此示例中，服务器会返回第一个版本的观察结果，其中患者的心率是 75 BPM。

{
  "encounter": {
    "reference": "Encounter/ENCOUNTER_ID"
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
  "id": "OBSERVATION_ID",
  "meta": {
    "lastUpdated": "2020-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
    "versionId": "MTU0MTE5MDg4MTY0MzQ3MjAwMA"
  },
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "subject": {
    "reference": "Patient/PATIENT_ID"
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "unit": "bpm",
    "value": 75
  }
}

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// getFHIRResourceHistory gets an FHIR resource history.
func getFHIRResourceHistory(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID, versionID string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s/_history/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID, versionID)

	resp, err := fhirService.Vread(name).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Vread: %w", err)
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()

	respBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("could not read response: %w", err)
	}

	if resp.StatusCode > 299 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Vread: status %d %s: %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status, respBytes)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", respBytes)

	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourceGetHistory {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME =
      "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourceGetHistory(String resourceName, String versionId)
      throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String resourceName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "project-id", "region-id", "dataset-id", "store-id", "resource-type",
    // "resource-id");
    // String versionId = "version-uuid"

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();

    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s/_history/%s", client.getRootUrl(), resourceName, versionId);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());

    HttpUriRequest request =
        RequestBuilder.get()
            .setUri(uriBuilder.build())
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json")
            .addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
            .addHeader("Accept", "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8")
            .build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      System.err.print(
          String.format(
              "Exception retrieving FHIR history: %s\n", response.getStatusLine().toString()));
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException();
    }
    System.out.println("FHIR resource retrieved from version: ");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
});

const getFhirResourceHistory = async () => {
  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  // const resourceId = '16e8a860-33b3-49be-9b03-de979feed14a';
  // const versionId = 'MTU2NPg3NDgyNDAxMDc4OTAwMA';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/${resourceType}/${resourceId}/_history/${versionId}`;
  const request = {name};

  const resource =
    await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.vread(
      request
    );
  console.log(JSON.stringify(resource.data, null, 2));
};

getFhirResourceHistory();

Python

# Imports the types Dict and Any for runtime type hints.
from typing import Any, Dict  # noqa: E402

def get_resource_history(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    resource_type: str,
    resource_id: str,
    version_id: str,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Gets the contents of a version (current or historical) of a FHIR resource by version ID.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#vread
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      resource_type: The type of FHIR resource.
      resource_id: The "logical id" of the resource whose details you want to view
        at a particular version. The ID is assigned by the server.
      version_id: The ID of the version. Changes whenever the FHIR resource is
        modified.

    Returns:
      A dict representing the FHIR resource at the specified version.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # resource_type = 'Patient'
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'
    # version_id = 'MTY4NDQ1MDc3MDU2ODgyNzAwMA'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_resource_path = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/{resource_type}/{resource_id}/_history/{version_id}"

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .vread(name=fhir_resource_path)
    )
    response = request.execute()
    print(
        f"Got contents of {resource_type} resource with ID {resource_id} at"
        f" version {version_id}:\n {json.dumps(response, indent=2)}"
    )

    return response

删除 FHIR 资源

以下示例展示了如何调用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.delete 方法来删除观察 FHIR 资源。

无论操作是否成功，服务器都会返回 200 OK HTTP 状态代码。要检查是否已成功删除资源，请搜索或获取该资源并查看它是否存在。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

REST

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID
  • OBSERVATION_ID：观察资源 ID

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

执行以下命令： 

curl -X DELETE \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID"

PowerShell

执行以下命令： 

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method DELETE `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation/OBSERVATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer

打开方法参考页面。API Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// deleteFHIRResource deletes an FHIR resource.
// Regardless of whether the operation succeeds or
// fails, the server returns a 200 OK HTTP status code. To check that the
// resource was successfully deleted, search for or get the resource and
// see if it exists.
func deleteFHIRResource(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID)

	if _, err := fhirService.Delete(name).Do(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Delete: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Deleted %q", name)

	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourceDelete {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME =
      "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourceDelete(String resourceName)
      throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String resourceName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "project-id", "region-id", "dataset-id", "store-id", "resource-type",
    // "resource-id");

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();

    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s", client.getRootUrl(), resourceName);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());

    HttpUriRequest request =
        RequestBuilder.delete()
            .setUri(uriBuilder.build())
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json")
            .addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
            .addHeader("Accept", "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8")
            .build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    // Regardless of whether the operation succeeds or
    // fails, the server returns a 200 OK HTTP status code. To check that the
    // resource was successfully deleted, search for or get the resource and
    // see if it exists.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      String errorMessage =
          String.format(
              "Exception deleting FHIR resource: %s\n", response.getStatusLine().toString());
      System.err.print(errorMessage);
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException(errorMessage);
    }
    System.out.println("FHIR resource deleted.");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
});

const deleteFhirResource = async () => {
  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  // const resourceId = '9a664e07-79a4-4c2e-04ed-e996c75484e1';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/${resourceType}/${resourceId}`;
  const request = {name};

  // Regardless of whether the operation succeeds or
  // fails, the server returns a 200 OK HTTP status code. To check that the
  // resource was successfully deleted, search for or get the resource and
  // see if it exists.
  await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.delete(
    request
  );
  console.log('Deleted FHIR resource');
};

deleteFhirResource();

Python

def delete_resource(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    resource_type: str,
    resource_id: str,
) -> dict:
    """Deletes a FHIR resource.

    Regardless of whether the operation succeeds or
    fails, the server returns a 200 OK HTTP status code. To check that the
    resource was successfully deleted, search for or get the resource and
    see if it exists.

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#delete
    for the Python API reference.
    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      resource_type: The type of the FHIR resource.
      resource_id: The "logical id" of the FHIR resource you want to delete. The
        ID is assigned by the server.

    Returns:
      An empty dict.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # resource_type = 'Patient'
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_resource_path = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/{resource_type}/{resource_id}"

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .delete(name=fhir_resource_path)
    )
    response = request.execute()
    print(f"Deleted {resource_type} resource with ID {resource_id}.")

    return response

有条件地删除 FHIR 资源

在 Cloud Healthcare API v1 中，条件操作仅使用 identifier 搜索参数（如果 FHIR 资源类型存在该参数）来确定哪些 FHIR 资源与条件搜索查询匹配。

当且仅当资源的 identifier.system 为 my-code-system 且其 identifier.value 为 ABC-12345 时，FHIR 资源才会与查询 ?identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345 匹配。如果 FHIR 资源与查询匹配，则 Cloud Healthcare API 会删除该资源。

如果查询使用 identifier 搜索参数并匹配多个 FHIR 资源，则 Cloud Healthcare API 会返回 "412 - Condition not selective enough" 错误。 如需单独删除资源，请按以下步骤操作：

  1. 搜索每个资源，以获取由服务器分配的唯一 ID。
  2. 使用该 ID 逐个删除每个资源。

以下示例展示了如何有条件地删除与搜索查询匹配的 FHIR 资源，而不是通过 ID 标识 FHIR 资源。搜索查询会使用观察的标识符（my-code-system 中的 ABC-12345）匹配并删除观察资源。

REST

使用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.conditionalDelete 方法。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

  • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
  • LOCATION：数据集位置
  • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
  • FHIR_STORE_ID：FHIR 存储区 ID

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

执行以下命令： 

curl -X DELETE \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)" \
    "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation?identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345"

PowerShell

执行以下命令： 

$cred = gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method DELETE `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Observation?identifier=my-code-system|ABC-12345" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer

打开方法参考页面。API Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行 (Execute)。

您应该会收到一个成功的状态代码 (2xx) 和一个空响应。

删除 FHIR 资源的历史版本

以下示例展示了如何删除 FHIR 资源的所有历史版本。如需了解详情，请参阅 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.Resource-purge。

只有具有 roles/healthcare.fhirStoreAdmin 角色的用户（调用者）才能调用 projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.Resource-purge 方法；具有 roles/healthcare.fhirResourceEditor 角色的用户无法调用该方法。要允许调用者删除 FHIR 资源的历史版本，请执行以下任一操作：

这些示例使用创建 FHIR 资源中创建的资源，并展示如何删除“观察结果”资源的历史版本。

以下 curl 和 PowerShell 示例适用于 R4 FHIR 存储区。Go、Java、Node.js 和 Python 示例可与 STU3 FHIR 存储区搭配使用。

curl

要删除 FHIR 资源的所有历史版本，请发出 DELETE 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 资源类型和 ID
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 curl 的 DELETE 请求。

curl -X DELETE \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8" \
     "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/$purge"

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回空响应正文：

{}

PowerShell

要删除 FHIR 资源的所有历史版本，请发出 DELETE 请求并指定以下信息：

  • 父数据集的名称
  • FHIR 存储区的名称
  • 资源类型和 ID
  • 访问令牌

以下示例展示了使用 PowerShell 的 DELETE 请求。

$cred = gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
$headers = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-RestMethod `
  -Method Delete `
  -Headers $headers `
  -ContentType: "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8" `
  -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/$purge" | ConvertTo-Json

如果请求成功，服务器将以 JSON 格式返回空响应正文：

{}

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	healthcare "google.golang.org/api/healthcare/v1"
)

// purgeFHIRResource purges an FHIR resources.
func purgeFHIRResource(w io.Writer, projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	healthcareService, err := healthcare.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("healthcare.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	fhirService := healthcareService.Projects.Locations.Datasets.FhirStores.Fhir

	name := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s", projectID, location, datasetID, fhirStoreID, resourceType, fhirResourceID)

	if _, err := fhirService.ResourcePurge(name).Do(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("ResourcePurge: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Resource Purged: %q", name)

	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcare;
import com.google.api.services.healthcare.v1.CloudHealthcareScopes;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Collections;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class FhirResourceDeletePurge {
  private static final String FHIR_NAME =
      "projects/%s/locations/%s/datasets/%s/fhirStores/%s/fhir/%s/%s";
  private static final JsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = new GsonFactory();
  private static final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();

  public static void fhirResourceDeletePurge(String resourceName)
      throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
    // String resourceName =
    //    String.format(
    //        FHIR_NAME, "project-id", "region-id", "dataset-id", "store-id", "resource-type",
    // "resource-id");

    // Initialize the client, which will be used to interact with the service.
    CloudHealthcare client = createClient();

    HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String uri = String.format("%sv1/%s/$purge", client.getRootUrl(), resourceName);
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(uri).setParameter("access_token", getAccessToken());

    HttpUriRequest request =
        RequestBuilder.delete()
            .setUri(uriBuilder.build())
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/fhir+json")
            .addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
            .addHeader("Accept", "application/fhir+json; charset=utf-8")
            .build();

    // Execute the request and process the results.
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
      String errorMessage =
          String.format(
              "Exception purging FHIR resource: %s\n", response.getStatusLine().toString());
      System.err.print(errorMessage);
      responseEntity.writeTo(System.err);
      throw new RuntimeException(errorMessage);
    }
    System.out.println("FHIR resource history purged (excluding current version).");
    responseEntity.writeTo(System.out);
  }

  private static CloudHealthcare createClient() throws IOException {
    // Use Application Default Credentials (ADC) to authenticate the requests
    // For more information see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    // Create a HttpRequestInitializer, which will provide a baseline configuration to all requests.
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer =
        request -> {
          new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential).initialize(request);
          request.setConnectTimeout(60000); // 1 minute connect timeout
          request.setReadTimeout(60000); // 1 minute read timeout
        };

    // Build the client for interacting with the service.
    return new CloudHealthcare.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("your-application-name")
        .build();
  }

  private static String getAccessToken() throws IOException {
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(CloudHealthcareScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));

    return credential.refreshAccessToken().getTokenValue();
  }
}

Node.js

const google = require('@googleapis/healthcare');
const healthcare = google.healthcare({
  version: 'v1',
  auth: new google.auth.GoogleAuth({
    scopes: ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform'],
  }),
});

const deleteFhirResourcePurge = async () => {
  // TODO(developer): uncomment these lines before running the sample
  // const cloudRegion = 'us-central1';
  // const projectId = 'adjective-noun-123';
  // const datasetId = 'my-dataset';
  // const fhirStoreId = 'my-fhir-store';
  // const resourceType = 'Patient';
  // const resourceId = '9a664e07-79a4-4c2e-04ed-e996c75484e1';
  const name = `projects/${projectId}/locations/${cloudRegion}/datasets/${datasetId}/fhirStores/${fhirStoreId}/fhir/${resourceType}/${resourceId}`;
  const request = {name};

  await healthcare.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.ResourcePurge(
    request
  );
  console.log('Deleted all historical versions of resource');
};

deleteFhirResourcePurge();

Python

def delete_resource_purge(
    project_id: str,
    location: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    fhir_store_id: str,
    resource_type: str,
    resource_id: str,
) -> dict:
    """Deletes all versions of a FHIR resource (excluding the current version).

    See
    https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/tree/main/healthcare/api-client/v1/fhir
    before running the sample.
    See
    https://googleapis.github.io/google-api-python-client/docs/dyn/healthcare_v1.projects.locations.datasets.fhirStores.fhir.html#Resource_purge
    for the Python API reference.

    Args:
      project_id: The project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want
        to use.
      location: The name of the parent dataset's location.
      dataset_id: The name of the parent dataset.
      fhir_store_id: The name of the FHIR store.
      resource_type: The type of the FHIR resource.
      resource_id: The "logical id" of the resource. The ID is assigned by the
        server.

    Returns:
      An empty dict.
    """
    # Imports the Google API Discovery Service.
    from googleapiclient import discovery

    api_version = "v1"
    service_name = "healthcare"

    # Returns an authorized API client by discovering the Healthcare API
    # and using GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
    client = discovery.build(service_name, api_version)

    # TODO(developer): Uncomment these lines and replace with your values.
    # project_id = 'my-project'
    # location = 'us-central1'
    # dataset_id = 'my-dataset'
    # fhir_store_id = 'my-fhir-store'
    # resource_type = 'Patient'
    # resource_id = 'b682d-0e-4843-a4a9-78c9ac64'
    fhir_store_parent = (
        f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/datasets/{dataset_id}"
    )
    fhir_resource_path = f"{fhir_store_parent}/fhirStores/{fhir_store_id}/fhir/{resource_type}/{resource_id}"

    request = (
        client.projects()
        .locations()
        .datasets()
        .fhirStores()
        .fhir()
        .Resource_purge(name=fhir_resource_path)
    )
    response = request.execute()
    print(
        f"Deleted all versions of {resource_type} resource with ID"
        f" {resource_id} (excluding current version)."
    )
    return response