Observe change types with Firestore watch listeners

Observe change types with Firestore watch listeners

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For detailed documentation that includes this code sample, see the following:

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• Get realtime updates with Cloud Firestore

Code sample

C#

To authenticate to Firestore, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities");
Query query = db.Collection("cities").WhereEqualTo("State", "CA");

FirestoreChangeListener listener = query.Listen(snapshot =>
{
    foreach (DocumentChange change in snapshot.Changes)
    {
        if (change.ChangeType.ToString() == "Added")
        {
            Console.WriteLine("New city: {0}", change.Document.Id);
        }
        else if (change.ChangeType.ToString() == "Modified")
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Modified city: {0}", change.Document.Id);
        }
        else if (change.ChangeType.ToString() == "Removed")
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Removed city: {0}", change.Document.Id);
        }
    }
});

Go

To authenticate to Firestore, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
)

// listenChanges listens to a query, returning the list of document changes.
func listenChanges(ctx context.Context, w io.Writer, projectID, collection string) error {
	// projectID := "project-id"
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 30*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	client, err := firestore.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("firestore.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	it := client.Collection(collection).Where("state", "==", "CA").Snapshots(ctx)
	for {
		snap, err := it.Next()
		// DeadlineExceeded will be returned when ctx is cancelled.
		if status.Code(err) == codes.DeadlineExceeded {
			return nil
		}
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("Snapshots.Next: %w", err)
		}
		if snap != nil {
			for _, change := range snap.Changes {
				switch change.Kind {
				case firestore.DocumentAdded:
					fmt.Fprintf(w, "New city: %v\n", change.Doc.Data())
				case firestore.DocumentModified:
					fmt.Fprintf(w, "Modified city: %v\n", change.Doc.Data())
				case firestore.DocumentRemoved:
					fmt.Fprintf(w, "Removed city: %v\n", change.Doc.Data())
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

Java

To authenticate to Firestore, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

db.collection("cities")
    .whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
    .addSnapshotListener(
        new EventListener<QuerySnapshot>() {
          @Override
          public void onEvent(
              @Nullable QuerySnapshot snapshots, @Nullable FirestoreException e) {
            if (e != null) {
              System.err.println("Listen failed: " + e);
              return;
            }

            for (DocumentChange dc : snapshots.getDocumentChanges()) {
              switch (dc.getType()) {
                case ADDED:
                  System.out.println("New city: " + dc.getDocument().getData());
                  break;
                case MODIFIED:
                  System.out.println("Modified city: " + dc.getDocument().getData());
                  break;
                case REMOVED:
                  System.out.println("Removed city: " + dc.getDocument().getData());
                  break;
                default:
                  break;
              }
            }
          }
        });

Node.js

To authenticate to Firestore, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

const observer = db.collection('cities').where('state', '==', 'CA')
  .onSnapshot(querySnapshot => {
    querySnapshot.docChanges().forEach(change => {
      if (change.type === 'added') {
        console.log('New city: ', change.doc.data());
      }
      if (change.type === 'modified') {
        console.log('Modified city: ', change.doc.data());
      }
      if (change.type === 'removed') {
        console.log('Removed city: ', change.doc.data());
      }
    });
  });

Python

To authenticate to Firestore, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

# Create an Event for notifying main thread.
delete_done = threading.Event()

# Create a callback on_snapshot function to capture changes
def on_snapshot(col_snapshot, changes, read_time):
    print("Callback received query snapshot.")
    print("Current cities in California: ")
    for change in changes:
        if change.type.name == "ADDED":
            print(f"New city: {change.document.id}")
        elif change.type.name == "MODIFIED":
            print(f"Modified city: {change.document.id}")
        elif change.type.name == "REMOVED":
            print(f"Removed city: {change.document.id}")
            delete_done.set()

col_query = db.collection("cities").where(filter=FieldFilter("state", "==", "CA"))

# Watch the collection query
query_watch = col_query.on_snapshot(on_snapshot)

Ruby

To authenticate to Firestore, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

query = firestore.col(collection_path).where :state, :==, "CA"
added = []
modified = []
removed = []

# Watch the collection query.
listener = query.listen do |snapshot|
  puts "Callback received query snapshot."
  puts "Current cities in California:"
  snapshot.changes.each do |change|
    if change.added?
      puts "New city: #{change.doc.document_id}"
      added << snapshot
    elsif change.modified?
      puts "Modified city: #{change.doc.document_id}"
      modified << snapshot
    elsif change.removed?
      puts "Removed city: #{change.doc.document_id}"
      removed << snapshot
    end
  end
end

What's next

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