Deploy an ASP.NET application to Compute Engine

.NET .NET Framework

---

This tutorial describes how to a deploy a .NET or .NET Framework web application to Compute Engine.

This tutorial is intended for developers and DevOps engineers who have basic knowledge of Microsoft .NET and Compute Engine.

Objectives

Deploy a sample app to a single Compute Engine instance. For the purpose of this tutorial, you can select between two example applications:

• An ASP.NET Core web application that uses .NET 6 and runs on Linux
• An ASP.NET Model-View-Controller (MVC) web-application that uses .NET Framework 4 and runs on Windows

This tutorial shows you how to complete the following tasks to reach your objective:

• Deploy a Compute Engine VM
• Set up load balancing
• Deploy the ASP.NET application

Costs

In this document, you use the following billable components of Google Cloud:

• Compute Engine virtual machine (VM) instances
• Compute Engine persistent disks

To generate a cost estimate based on your projected usage, use the pricing calculator. New Google Cloud users might be eligible for a free trial.

When you finish this tutorial, you can avoid continued billing by deleting the resources you created. For more information, see Clean up.

Before you begin

1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   Go to project selector

3. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project. Learn how to check if billing is enabled on a project.

4. Enable the Compute Engine API.

   Enable the API

5. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   Go to project selector

6. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project. Learn how to check if billing is enabled on a project.

7. Enable the Compute Engine API.

   Enable the API

Deploy a Compute Engine VM

This section shows you how to create a Linux VM, or a Windows Server VM that runs Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) web servers on Compute Engine.

1. Set default values for your project ID and Compute Engine zone. This helps you save time.

   gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
   gcloud config set compute/zone ZONE
   

   Replace the following:

   • PROJECT_ID with the ID of your Google Cloud project.
   • ZONE with the name of the zone that you're going to use for creating resources. If you are unsure about which zone to pick, use the zone geographically located closest to you.

   For example:

   gcloud config set project test-project-12345
   gcloud config set compute/zone us-central1-a
   

2. Create a VM instance:

   .NET/Linux

   To create a Linux VM, do the following:

   1. Create a startup script for the VM instance. The script runs during VM initialization and install the .NET runtime:

      "if ! dpkg-query -W aspnetcore-runtime-6.0
      then
          curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/debian/11/packages-microsoft-prod.deb  -O
          sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb
          rm packages-microsoft-prod.deb
          sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y aspnetcore-runtime-6.0
      fi
      " | Out-File -Encoding ASCII startup.sh
      

   2. Create the VM instance and use startup.sh as startup script:

      gcloud compute instances create clouddemo-1 `
        --image-family debian-11 `
        --image-project debian-cloud `
        --machine-type n1-standard-2 `
        --boot-disk-type pd-ssd `
        --tags loadbalancer-backend `
        --metadata-from-file startup-script=startup.sh
      

   .NET Framework/Windows

   To create a Windows Server VM that runs IIS, do the following:

   1. Create a startup script for the VM instance. This script will run during VM initialization and install IIS:

      "# Install IIS
      Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName ``
        NetFx4Extended-ASPNET45, ``
        IIS-WebServerRole, ``
        IIS-WebServer, ``
        IIS-CommonHttpFeatures, ``
        IIS-HttpErrors, ``
        IIS-HttpRedirect, ``
        IIS-ApplicationDevelopment, ``
        IIS-HealthAndDiagnostics, ``
        IIS-HttpLogging, ``
        IIS-LoggingLibraries, ``
        IIS-RequestMonitor, ``
        IIS-HttpTracing, ``
        IIS-Security, ``
        IIS-RequestFiltering, ``
        IIS-Performance, ``
        IIS-WebServerManagementTools, ``
        IIS-IIS6ManagementCompatibility, ``
        IIS-Metabase, ``
        IIS-DefaultDocument, ``
        IIS-ApplicationInit, ``
        IIS-NetFxExtensibility45, ``
        IIS-ISAPIExtensions, ``
        IIS-ISAPIFilter, ``
        IIS-ASPNET45, ``
        IIS-HttpCompressionStatic
      Install-WindowsFeature Web-Mgmt-Service
      
      # Install WebDeploy
      [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType] 'Ssl3,Tls12'
      (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile(
        'https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/1/D/01DC28EA-638C-4A22-A57B-4CEF97755C6C/WebDeploy_amd64_en-US.msi', 
        ""$env:Temp\webdeploy.msi"")
      & msiexec /qb! /i $env:Temp\webdeploy.msi | Out-Default
      " | Out-File -Encoding ASCII startup.ps1
      

   2. Create the VM instance and run the startup script startup.ps1:

      gcloud compute instances create clouddemo-1 `
        --image-family windows-2019 `
        --image-project windows-cloud `
        --machine-type n1-standard-2 `
        --boot-disk-type pd-ssd `
        --tags loadbalancer-backend `
        --metadata-from-file sysprep-startup-script-ps1=startup.ps1
      

3. Monitor the initialization process of the VM by viewing its serial port output:

   gcloud compute instances tail-serial-port-output clouddemo-1
   

   Wait about 5 minutes until you see the output Instance setup finished or Startup finished, and then press Ctrl+C. At this point, the installation of prerequisites is complete and the VM instance is ready to be used.

Set up load balancing

To make your ASP.NET app available over the internet, you have to use an HTTPS load balancer. To associate your VM instance with the load balancer, create an instance group and assign this instance group to the load balancer:

1. Create an unmanaged instance group and add the VM instance:

   gcloud compute instance-groups unmanaged create clouddemo-1
   gcloud compute instance-groups unmanaged add-instances clouddemo-1 --instances clouddemo-1
   

2. Create a health check that checks if the web server is running:

   .NET/Linux

   gcloud compute http-health-checks create clouddemo-health `
     --check-interval 5s `
     --unhealthy-threshold 2 `
     --request-path / `
     --port 5000
   gcloud compute instance-groups set-named-ports clouddemo-1 --named-ports=http:5000
   

   .NET Framework/Windows

   gcloud compute http-health-checks create clouddemo-health `
     --check-interval 5s `
     --unhealthy-threshold 2 `
     --request-path /
   gcloud compute instance-groups set-named-ports clouddemo-1 --named-ports=http:80
   

3. Create a load balancer backend service that uses the HTTP health check and the instance group that you created previously:

   gcloud compute backend-services create clouddemo-backend `
     --http-health-checks clouddemo-health `
     --port-name http `
     --protocol HTTP `
     --global
   gcloud compute backend-services add-backend clouddemo-backend `
     --instance-group clouddemo-1 `
     --global `
     --instance-group-zone $(gcloud config get-value compute/zone)
   

4. Create a front-end for the load balancer:

   gcloud compute url-maps create clouddemo-map --default-service clouddemo-backend
   gcloud compute target-http-proxies create clouddemo-proxy --url-map clouddemo-map
   gcloud compute forwarding-rules create clouddemo-frontend --global --target-http-proxy clouddemo-proxy --ports 80
   

5. Create a firewall rule that allows the load balancer to send HTTP requests to instances that have been annotated with the loadbalancer-backend tag.

   gcloud compute firewall-rules create loadbalancer-backend `
     --source-ranges "130.211.0.0/22,35.191.0.0/16" `
     --target-tags loadbalancer-backend `
     --allow tcp:80,tcp:5000
   

6. Lookup the IP address of the load balancer:

   gcloud compute forwarding-rules describe clouddemo-frontend --global --format "value(IPAddress)"
   

   Take note of the IP address. You will need it later.

Deploy the ASP.NET application

1. Open a PowerShell console.

2. Download and unzip or clone the sample repository from github:

   git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples.git
   

3. Build the deployment package:

   .NET/Linux

   1. Switch to the directory that contains the sample application:

      cd dotnet-docs-samples\applications\clouddemo\netcore
      

   2. Build the solution:

      dotnet publish -c Release
      

   .NET Framework/Windows

   1. Switch to the directory that contains the sample application:

      cd dotnet-docs-samples\applications\clouddemo\net4
      

   2. Restore NuGet dependencies:

      nuget restore
      

   3. Build the solution and use the PackageProfile publishing profile to create a WebDeploy deployment package:

      msbuild /t:clean,rebuild CloudDemo.Mvc.sln /p:DeployOnBuild=true /p:PublishProfile=PackageProfile
      

      The CloudDemo.Mvc\bin folder now contains a file CloudDemo.Mvc.zip.

4. Copy the deployment package to the VM:

   .NET/Linux

   1. Copy the contents of the publish folder to your home directory on the VM:

      gcloud compute scp --recurse CloudDemo.MvcCore\bin\Release\net6.0\publish clouddemo-1:
      

   2. Connect to the VM by using SSH.

   3. On the VM, create a folder /var/www/clouddemo and copy the application files into this folder:

      sudo mkdir -p /var/www/clouddemo
      sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/clouddemo
      sudo cp -r publish/* /var/www/clouddemo
      

   4. Register the application as a systemd unit:

      cat <<EOF > kestrel-clouddemo.service
      [Unit]
      Description=Cloud Demo ASP.NET app
      
      [Service]
      WorkingDirectory=/var/www/clouddemo
      ExecStart=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/clouddemo/CloudDemo.MvcCore.dll
      Restart=always
      Environment=ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
      Environment=ASPNETCORE_URLS=http://0.0.0.0:5000
      
      [Install]
      WantedBy=multi-user.target
      EOF
      
      sudo mv kestrel-clouddemo.service /etc/systemd/system/
      sudo systemctl daemon-reload
      sudo systemctl start kestrel-clouddemo
      

   .NET Framework/Windows

   1. Create a username and password for the VM instance.
   2. Connect to the VM by using Remote Desktop and log in using the username and password created in the previous step.
   3. Copy the file CloudDemo.Mvc.zip from the CloudDemo.Mvc\bin folder to a temporary location on the VM instance.
   4. In the Remote Desktop session, right-click on the Start button (or press Win+X) and click Windows PowerShell (Admin).
   5. Confirm the elevation prompt by clicking Yes.

   6. Deploy the deployment package:

      &"C:\Program Files\IIS\Microsoft Web Deploy V3\msdeploy.exe" -source:package=PACKAGE -verb:sync -dest:auto
      

      Replace PACKAGE with the path to the deployment package.

5. On your local computer, open a web browser and navigate to the following address:

   http://LOADBALANCER_IP/
   

   Replace LOADBALANCER_IP with the IP address that you obtained after deploying the load balancer.

   You now see the demo application and the title This app is running on Compute Engine.

Clean up

After you finish the tutorial, you can clean up the resources that you created so that they stop using quota and incurring charges. The following sections describe how to delete or turn off these resources.

Delete the project

The easiest way to eliminate billing is to delete the project that you created for the tutorial.

Caution: Deleting a project has the following effects:

• Everything in the project is deleted. If you used an existing project for this tutorial, when you delete it, you also delete any other work you've done in the project.
• Custom project IDs are lost. When you created this project, you might have created a custom project ID that you want to use in the future. To preserve the URLs that use the project ID, such as an appspot.com URL, delete selected resources inside the project instead of deleting the whole project.

If you plan to explore multiple tutorials and quickstarts, reusing projects can help you avoid exceeding project quota limits.

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

Delete individual resources

You'll need to individually delete all the resources created for the project (for example: instance groups, health checks, backend services, http proxy, and forwarding rules). You can't delete the VM instances until delete all these resources.

What's next

• Learn more about creating and running virtual machines on Google infrastructure.
• Review the best practices in the Google Cloud Architecture Framework.
• Explore reference architectures, diagrams, and best practices about Google Cloud. Take a look at our Cloud Architecture Center.