Cloud Storage Text to Firestore template

The Cloud Storage Text to Firestore template is a batch pipeline that imports from JSON documents stored in Cloud Storage to Firestore.

Pipeline requirements

Firestore must be enabled in the destination project.

Input format

Each input file must contain newline-delimited JSON, where each line contains a JSON representation of a Datastore Entity data type.

For example, the following JSON represents a document in a collection named Users. The example is formatted for readability, but each document must appear as a single line of input.

{
  "key": {
    "partitionId": {
      "projectId": "my-project"
    },
    "path": [
      {
        "kind": "users",
        "name": "alovelace"
      }
    ]
  },
  "properties": {
    "first": {
      "stringValue": "Ada"
    },
    "last": {
      "stringValue": "Lovelace"
    },
    "born": {
      "integerValue": "1815",
      "excludeFromIndexes": true
    }
  }
}

For more information about the document model, see Entities, Properties, and Keys.

Template parameters

Required parameters

• textReadPattern: A Cloud Storage path pattern that specifies the location of your text data files. For example, gs://mybucket/somepath/*.json.
• firestoreWriteProjectId: The ID of the Google Cloud project to write the Firestore entities to.
• errorWritePath: The error log output file to use for write failures that occur during processing. For example, gs://your-bucket/errors/.

Optional parameters

• javascriptTextTransformGcsPath: The Cloud Storage URI of the .js file that defines the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) to use. For example, gs://my-bucket/my-udfs/my_file.js.
• javascriptTextTransformFunctionName: The name of the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) to use. For example, if your JavaScript function code is myTransform(inJson) { /*...do stuff...*/ }, then the function name is myTransform. For sample JavaScript UDFs, see UDF Examples (https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/DataflowTemplates#udf-examples).
• firestoreHintNumWorkers: Hint for the expected number of workers in the Firestore ramp-up throttling step. The default value is 500.

User-defined function

Optionally, you can extend this template by writing a user-defined function (UDF). The template calls the UDF for each input element. Element payloads are serialized as JSON strings. For more information, see Create user-defined functions for Dataflow templates.

Function specification

The UDF has the following specification:

• Input: a line of text from a Cloud Storage input file.
• Output: an Entity, serialized as a JSON string.

Run the template

Console

1. Go to the Dataflow Create job from template page.
Go to Create job from template
2. In the Job name field, enter a unique job name.
3. Optional: For Regional endpoint, select a value from the drop-down menu. The default region is us-central1.

   For a list of regions where you can run a Dataflow job, see Dataflow locations.

4. From the Dataflow template drop-down menu, select the Text Files on Cloud Storage to Firestore template.
5. In the provided parameter fields, enter your parameter values.
6. Click Run job.

gcloud

Note: To use the Google Cloud CLI to run classic templates, you must have Google Cloud CLI version 138.0.0 or later.

In your shell or terminal, run the template:

gcloud dataflow jobs run JOB_NAME \
    --gcs-location gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/VERSION/GCS_Text_to_Firestore \
    --region REGION_NAME \
    --parameters \
textReadPattern=PATH_TO_INPUT_TEXT_FILES,\
javascriptTextTransformGcsPath=PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE,\
javascriptTextTransformFunctionName=JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION,\
firestoreWriteProjectId=PROJECT_ID,\
errorWritePath=ERROR_FILE_WRITE_PATH

Replace the following:

• JOB_NAME: a unique job name of your choice
• VERSION: the version of the template that you want to use

  You can use the following values:

  • latest to use the latest version of the template, which is available in the non-dated parent folder in the bucket— gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/latest/
  • the version name, like 2023-09-12-00_RC00, to use a specific version of the template, which can be found nested in the respective dated parent folder in the bucket— gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/
  Caution: The latest version of templates might update with breaking changes. Your production environments should use templates kept in the most recent dated parent folder to prevent these breaking changes from affecting your production workflows.
• REGION_NAME: the region where you want to deploy your Dataflow job—for example, us-central1
• PATH_TO_INPUT_TEXT_FILES: the input files pattern on Cloud Storage
• JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION: the name of the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) that you want to use

  For example, if your JavaScript function code is myTransform(inJson) { /*...do stuff...*/ }, then the function name is myTransform. For sample JavaScript UDFs, see UDF Examples.

• PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE: the Cloud Storage URI of the .js file that defines the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) you want to use—for example, gs://my-bucket/my-udfs/my_file.js
• ERROR_FILE_WRITE_PATH: your desired path to error file on Cloud Storage

API

To run the template using the REST API, send an HTTP POST request. For more information on the API and its authorization scopes, see projects.templates.launch.

POST https://dataflow.googleapis.com/v1b3/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/templates:launch?gcsPath=gs://dataflow-templates-LOCATION/VERSION/GCS_Text_to_Firestore
{
   "jobName": "JOB_NAME",
   "parameters": {
       "textReadPattern": "PATH_TO_INPUT_TEXT_FILES",
       "javascriptTextTransformGcsPath": "PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE",
       "javascriptTextTransformFunctionName": "JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION",
       "firestoreWriteProjectId": "PROJECT_ID",
       "errorWritePath": "ERROR_FILE_WRITE_PATH"
   },
   "environment": { "zone": "us-central1-f" }
}

Replace the following:

• PROJECT_ID: the Google Cloud project ID where you want to run the Dataflow job
• JOB_NAME: a unique job name of your choice
• VERSION: the version of the template that you want to use

  You can use the following values:

  • latest to use the latest version of the template, which is available in the non-dated parent folder in the bucket— gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/latest/
  • the version name, like 2023-09-12-00_RC00, to use a specific version of the template, which can be found nested in the respective dated parent folder in the bucket— gs://dataflow-templates-REGION_NAME/
  Caution: The latest version of templates might update with breaking changes. Your production environments should use templates kept in the most recent dated parent folder to prevent these breaking changes from affecting your production workflows.
• LOCATION: the region where you want to deploy your Dataflow job—for example, us-central1
• PATH_TO_INPUT_TEXT_FILES: the input files pattern on Cloud Storage
• JAVASCRIPT_FUNCTION: the name of the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) that you want to use

  For example, if your JavaScript function code is myTransform(inJson) { /*...do stuff...*/ }, then the function name is myTransform. For sample JavaScript UDFs, see UDF Examples.

• PATH_TO_JAVASCRIPT_UDF_FILE: the Cloud Storage URI of the .js file that defines the JavaScript user-defined function (UDF) you want to use—for example, gs://my-bucket/my-udfs/my_file.js
• ERROR_FILE_WRITE_PATH: your desired path to error file on Cloud Storage

Template source code

Java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2018 Google LLC
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 * the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */
package com.google.cloud.teleport.templates;

import com.google.cloud.teleport.metadata.MultiTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.metadata.Template;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.metadata.TemplateCategory;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.TextToDatastore.TextToDatastoreOptions;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.DatastoreConverters.DatastoreWriteOptions;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.DatastoreConverters.WriteJsonEntities;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.ErrorConverters.ErrorWriteOptions;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.ErrorConverters.LogErrors;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.FirestoreNestedValueProvider;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.JavascriptTextTransformer.JavascriptTextTransformerOptions;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.JavascriptTextTransformer.TransformTextViaJavascript;
import com.google.cloud.teleport.templates.common.TextConverters.FilesystemReadOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.TextIO;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptionsFactory;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.ValueProvider;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.TupleTag;

/**
 * Dataflow template which reads from a Text Source and writes JSON encoded Entities into Datastore.
 * The JSON is expected to be in the format of: <a
 * href="https://cloud.google.com/datastore/docs/reference/rest/v1/Entity">Entity</a>
 *
 * <p>Check out <a
 * href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/DataflowTemplates/blob/main/v1/README_GCS_Text_to_Datastore.md">README
 * Datastore</a> or <a
 * href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/DataflowTemplates/blob/main/v1/README_GCS_Text_to_Firestore.md">README
 * Firestore</a> for instructions on how to use or modify this template.
 */
@MultiTemplate({
  @Template(
      name = "GCS_Text_to_Datastore",
      category = TemplateCategory.LEGACY,
      displayName = "Text Files on Cloud Storage to Datastore [Deprecated]",
      description =
          "The Cloud Storage Text to Datastore template is a batch pipeline that reads from text files stored in "
              + "Cloud Storage and writes JSON encoded Entities to Datastore. "
              + "Each line in the input text files must be in the <a href=\"https://cloud.google.com/datastore/docs/reference/rest/v1/Entity\">specified JSON format</a>.",
      optionsClass = TextToDatastoreOptions.class,
      skipOptions = {
        "firestoreWriteProjectId",
        "firestoreWriteEntityKind",
        "firestoreWriteNamespace",
        "firestoreHintNumWorkers",
        "javascriptTextTransformReloadIntervalMinutes",
        // This template doesn't use neither firestoreWriteEntityKind/Namespace
        // nor datastoreWriteEntityKind/Namespace pipeline options.
        "datastoreWriteEntityKind",
        "datastoreWriteNamespace"
      },
      documentation =
          "https://cloud.google.com/dataflow/docs/guides/templates/provided/cloud-storage-to-datastore",
      contactInformation = "https://cloud.google.com/support",
      preview = true,
      requirements = {"Datastore must be enabled in the destination project."}),
  @Template(
      name = "GCS_Text_to_Firestore",
      category = TemplateCategory.BATCH,
      displayName = "Text Files on Cloud Storage to Firestore (Datastore mode)",
      description =
          "The Cloud Storage Text to Firestore template is a batch pipeline that reads from text files stored in "
              + "Cloud Storage and writes JSON encoded Entities to Firestore. "
              + "Each line in the input text files must be in the <a href=\"https://cloud.google.com/datastore/docs/reference/rest/v1/Entity\">specified JSON format</a>.",
      optionsClass = TextToDatastoreOptions.class,
      skipOptions = {
        "datastoreWriteProjectId",
        "datastoreWriteEntityKind",
        "datastoreWriteNamespace",
        "datastoreHintNumWorkers",
        "javascriptTextTransformReloadIntervalMinutes",
        // This template doesn't use neither firestoreWriteEntityKind/Namespace
        // nor datastoreWriteEntityKind/Namespace pipeline options.
        "firestoreWriteEntityKind",
        "firestoreWriteNamespace"
      },
      documentation =
          "https://cloud.google.com/dataflow/docs/guides/templates/provided/cloud-storage-to-firestore",
      contactInformation = "https://cloud.google.com/support",
      requirements = {"Firestore must be enabled in the destination project."})
})
public class TextToDatastore {

  public static <T> ValueProvider<T> selectProvidedInput(
      ValueProvider<T> datastoreInput, ValueProvider<T> firestoreInput) {
    return new FirestoreNestedValueProvider(datastoreInput, firestoreInput);
  }

  /** TextToDatastore Pipeline Options. */
  public interface TextToDatastoreOptions
      extends PipelineOptions,
          FilesystemReadOptions,
          JavascriptTextTransformerOptions,
          DatastoreWriteOptions,
          ErrorWriteOptions {}

  /**
   * Runs a pipeline which reads from a Text Source, passes the Text to a Javascript UDF, writes the
   * JSON encoded Entities to a TextIO sink.
   *
   * <p>If your Text Source does not contain JSON encoded Entities, then you'll need to supply a
   * Javascript UDF which transforms your data to be JSON encoded Entities.
   *
   * @param args arguments to the pipeline
   */
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    TextToDatastoreOptions options =
        PipelineOptionsFactory.fromArgs(args).withValidation().as(TextToDatastoreOptions.class);

    TupleTag<String> errorTag = new TupleTag<String>("errors") {};

    Pipeline pipeline = Pipeline.create(options);

    pipeline
        .apply(TextIO.read().from(options.getTextReadPattern()))
        .apply(
            TransformTextViaJavascript.newBuilder()
                .setFileSystemPath(options.getJavascriptTextTransformGcsPath())
                .setFunctionName(options.getJavascriptTextTransformFunctionName())
                .build())
        .apply(
            WriteJsonEntities.newBuilder()
                .setProjectId(
                    selectProvidedInput(
                        options.getDatastoreWriteProjectId(), options.getFirestoreWriteProjectId()))
                .setHintNumWorkers(
                    selectProvidedInput(
                        options.getDatastoreHintNumWorkers(), options.getFirestoreHintNumWorkers()))
                .setErrorTag(errorTag)
                .build())
        .apply(
            LogErrors.newBuilder()
                .setErrorWritePath(options.getErrorWritePath())
                .setErrorTag(errorTag)
                .build());

    pipeline.run();
  }
}

What's next

• Learn about Dataflow templates.
• See the list of Google-provided templates.