Perubahan Datastore tidak diperlukan
Jika Anda bertanya-tanya, meski memiliki API yang berbeda, NDB dan paket ext.db lama menulis data yang sama persis ke Datastore. Ini berarti Anda tidak perlu melakukan konversi apa pun ke datastore. Mencampur dan mencocokkan kode NDB dan ext.db juga menjadi lebih mudah, selama skema yang Anda gunakan setara. Anda bahkan dapat mengonversi antara kunci ext.db dan NDB menggunakan ndb.Key.from_old_key() dan key.to_old_key().
Perbedaan umum
NDB memilih jenis tertentu. Misalnya, di db, saat kunci diperlukan, Anda juga dapat meneruskan entity atau string. Di NDB, Anda harus meneruskan kunci.
NDB memilih daftar tertentu. Misalnya, di db,
db.put()
akan mengambil entity atau daftar entity. Di NDB, Anda menggunakanentity.put()
untuk menempatkan satu entity, tetapindb.put_multi(<list>)
untuk menempatkan daftar entity.NDB lebih memilih metode daripada fungsi. Misalnya, NDB akan menggunakan
key.get()
danentity.put()
, bukandb.get(key)
dandb.put(entity)
.NDB tidak suka menawarkan dua API yang melakukan hal yang sama. (Di sisi lain, NDB terkadang menawarkan dua API yang melakukan hal yang sedikit berbeda.)
Perbandingan panggilan API secara berdampingan
Tabel di bawah ini menunjukkan persamaan dan perbedaan antara ndb dan modul ext.db lama. Baca Dokumen NDB Resmi untuk mengetahui pengantar dan referensi NDB.
Class model
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
class MyModel(db.Model): foo = db.StringProperty() |
class MyModel(ndb.Model): foo = ndb.StringProperty() |
@classmethod def kind(cls): return 'Foo' |
@classmethod def _get_kind(cls): return 'Foo' |
MyModel.kind() |
MyModel._get_kind() |
MyModel.properties() model_instance.properties() |
MyModel._properties # No () !! model_entity._properties |
MyExpando.dynamic_properties() |
MyExpando._properties # No () !! |
Entity
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
MyModel(key_name='my_key') |
MyModel(id='my_key') |
MyModel(key_name='my_key', parent=model_instance) |
MyModel(id='my_key', parent=model_instance.key) |
key = model_instance.key() |
key = model_instance.key # No () !! |
model_instance = MyModel( foo='foo', bar='bar', baz='baz') |
model_instance = MyModel( foo='foo', bar='bar', baz='baz') |
model_instance.foo = 'foo' model_instance.bar = 'bar' model_instance.baz = 'baz' |
model_instance.foo = 'foo' model_instance.bar = 'bar' model_instance.baz = 'baz' # or a shortcut... model_instance.populate( foo='foo', bar='bar', baz='baz') |
model_instance.is_saved() |
Tidak ada padanan langsung; bacaStack Overflow untuk solusi yang memungkinkan. |
Get
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
MyModel.get_by_key_name('my_key') |
MyModel.get_by_id('my_key') |
MyModel.get_by_id(42) |
MyModel.get_by_id(42) |
db.get(key) |
key.get() |
MyModel.get(key) |
key.get() |
db.get(model_instance) |
model_instance.key.get() |
db.get(list_of_keys) |
ndb.get_multi(list_of_keys) |
db.get(list_of_instances) |
ndb.get_multi([x.key for x in list_of_instances]) |
MyModel.get_or_insert('my_key', parent=model_instance, foo='bar') |
MyModel.get_or_insert('my_key', parent=model_instance.key, foo='bar') |
Put
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
db.put(model_instance) |
model_instance.put() |
db.put(list_of_model_instances) |
ndb.put_multi( list_of_model_instances) |
Delete
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
model_instance.delete() |
model_instance.key.delete() |
db.delete(model_instance) |
model_instance.key.delete() |
db.delete(key) |
key.delete() |
db.delete(list_of_model_instances) |
ndb.delete_multi([m.key for m in list_of_model_instances]) |
db.delete(list_of_keys) |
ndb.delete_multi(list_of_keys) |
Properti
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
db.BlobProperty() |
ndb.BlobProperty() |
db.BooleanProperty() |
ndb.BooleanProperty() |
db.ByteStringProperty() |
ndb.BlobProperty(indexed=True) |
db.CategoryProperty() |
ndb.StringProperty() |
db.DateProperty() |
ndb.DateProperty() |
db.DateTimeProperty() |
ndb.DateTimeProperty() |
db.EmailProperty() |
ndb.StringProperty() |
db.FloatProperty() |
ndb.FloatProperty() |
db.GeoPtProperty() |
ndb.GeoPtProperty() |
db.IMProperty() |
Tidak ada ekuivalen. |
db.IntegerProperty() |
ndb.IntegerProperty() |
db.LinkProperty() |
ndb.StringProperty() Memiliki ukuran maksimal 500. Untuk URL yang lebih panjang, gunakan |
db.ListProperty(bool) db.ListProperty(float) db.ListProperty(int) db.ListProperty(db.Key) # etc. |
ndb.BooleanProperty(repeated=True) ndb.FloatProperty(repeated=True) ndb.IntegerProperty(repeated=True) ndb.KeyProperty(repeated=True) # etc. |
db.PhoneNumberProperty() |
ndb.StringProperty() |
db.PostalAddressProperty() |
ndb.StringProperty() |
db.RatingProperty() |
ndb.IntegerProperty() |
db.ReferenceProperty(AnotherModel) model_instance.prop MyModel.prop \ .get_value_for_datastore \ (model_instance) |
ndb.KeyProperty(kind=AnotherModel) model_instance.prop.get() model_instance.prop |
# Using the backreference set other = model_instance.prop other.prop_set.fetch(N) |
# No direct equivalent; emulation: other = model_instance.prop.get() MyModel.query( MyModel.prop == other.key).fetch(N) |
db.SelfReferenceProperty() |
ndb.KeyProperty(kind='ThisModelClass') |
db.StringProperty() |
ndb.StringProperty() |
db.StringProperty(multiline=True) |
Tidak didukung; string selalu diizinkan untuk berisi |
db.StringListProperty() |
ndb.StringProperty(repeated=True) |
db.TextProperty() |
ndb.TextProperty() |
db.TimeProperty() |
ndb.TimeProperty() |
db.UserProperty() |
ndb.UserProperty() |
blobstore.BlobReferenceProperty() |
ndb.BlobKeyProperty() |
Membuat Kunci
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
key = db.Key(encoded_key) |
key = ndb.Key(urlsafe=encoded_key) |
key = db.Key.from_path( 'MyKind', 'some_id', 'MyKind', 'some_id') |
key = ndb.Key( 'MyKind', 'some_id', 'MyKind', 'some_id') |
key = db.Key.from_path( MyModel, 'some_id', parent=model_instance, namespace='my_namespace') |
key = ndb.Key( MyModel, 'some_id', parent=model_instance.key, namespace='my_namespace') |
Operasi kunci
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
key.id_or_name() |
key.id() |
key.id() |
key.integer_id() |
key.name() |
key.string_id() |
key.has_id_or_name() |
key.id() is None # or... model_instance.has_complete_key() |
key.app(), key.namespace(), key.parent(), key.kind() |
Sama. |
str(key) |
key.urlsafe() |
key.to_path() |
key.flat() |
db.allocate_ids(MyModel, size) |
S, E = MyModel.allocate_ids(size) |
db.allocate_id_range(MyModel,X,Y) |
S, E = MyModel.allocate_ids(max=Y) assert S <= X |
Transaksi
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
db.run_in_transaction(function) |
ndb.transaction(function) |
db.run_in_transaction( function, *args, **kwds) |
ndb.transaction( lambda: function(*args, **kwds)) |
db.run_in_transaction_custom_retries(n, function) |
ndb.transaction(function, retries=n) |
opts = \ db.create_transaction_options(xg=True) db.run_in_transaction_options(opts, fun) |
ndb.transaction(fun, xg=True) |
Kueri
google.appengine.ext.db | ndb.model |
q = MyModel.all() |
q = MyModel.query() |
for result in q.run(): ... |
for result in q.iter(): ... |
q = MyModel.all() \ .filter('foo =', 'bar') \ .filter('baz >=', 'ding') |
q = MyModel.query( MyModel.foo == 'bar', MyModel.baz >= 'ding') |
q = MyModel.all() q.filter('foo =', 'bar') q.filter('baz >=', 'ding') q.order('-foo') results = q.fetch(10) |
q = MyModel.query() q = q.filter(MyModel.foo == 'bar') q = q.filter(MyModel.baz >= 'ding') q = q.order(-MyModel.foo) results = q.fetch(10) |
q.filter('__key__', k) # k is a db.Key instance |
q = q.filter(MyModel._key == k) # k is an ndb.Key instance |
a.filter('__key__ >=', k) # k is a db.Key instance |
q = q.filter(MyModel._key >= k) # k is an ndb.Key instance |
class MyExpando(Expando): pass q = MyExpando.all() q.filter('foo =', 'bar') |
class MyExpando(Expando): pass q = MyExpando.query( ndb.GenericProperty('foo') == 'bar') |
class Foo(Model): ... class Bar(Model): foo = ReferenceProperty(Foo) myfoo = <some Foo instance> for bar in myfoo.bar_set(): ... |
class Foo(Model): ... class Bar(Model): foo = KeyProperty(kind=Foo) myfoo = <some Foo instance> for bar in \ Bar.query(Bar.foo == myfoo.key): ... |
q = MyModel.all() q.ancestor(ancestor_key) |
q = MyModel.query(ancestor=ancestor_key) |
q = MyModel.all(keys_only=True) r = q.fetch(N) |
r = MyModel.query() \ .fetch(N, keys_only=True) # Alternatively: q = MyModel.query( default_options=QueryOptions( keys_only=True)) r = q.fetch(N) |
q = MyModel.gql(...) |
# same thing |
Kursor
q = MyModel.all() a = q.fetch(20) cur = q.cursor() |
q = MyModel.query() a, cur, more = q.fetch_page(20) Dalam NDB, |
q.with_cursor(cur) b = q.fetch(20) |
b, cur, more = \ q.fetch_page(20, start_cursor=cur) |
q.with_cursor(end_cursor=cur) b = q.fetch(20) |
q.fetch(20, end_cursor=cur) |