Mantieni tutto organizzato con le raccolte
Salva e classifica i contenuti in base alle tue preferenze.
Gradle
è uno strumento di automazione della build open source incentrato su flessibilità e prestazioni.
App Engine fornisce un plug-in Gradle che puoi utilizzare per creare ed eseguire il deployment
della tua app in App Engine.
L'esempio di codice mostra come configurare il file build.gradle per aggiungere attività Gradle, repository Maven, plug-in Gradle per App Engine e dipendenze di App Engine.
Se non l'hai ancora fatto, segui i passaggi descritti in questa
guida
per scaricare l'interfaccia alla gcloud CLI, creare il tuo progetto Google Cloud e
inizializzare l'app App Engine.
Installa il componente app-engine-java di gcloud CLI:
gcloudcomponentsinstallapp-engine-java
Crea un nuovo progetto Gradle
Puoi creare un nuovo progetto Gradle da zero utilizzando la shell. In alternativa,
per provare il plug-in, puoi scaricare, eseguire localmente e implementare
il progetto Hello World.
Per creare un nuovo progetto:
Crea una nuova directory e vai al suo interno.
Per inizializzare un nuovo progetto:
Corsa gradle init:
gradleinit--typejava-application
Ti verrà chiesto di rispondere a domande su:
Inserisci la versione Java di destinazione (minimo: 7, predefinita: 21): 21
Seleziona la struttura dell'applicazione: 1 per il progetto di una singola applicazione
Seleziona DSL per lo script di build: 2 (per Groovy)
Seleziona il framework di test: 1 (per JUnit 4)
Genera build utilizzando nuove API e un nuovo comportamento: no
Aggiungi quanto segue al file app/build.gradle per aggiungere attività Gradle, repository Maven, il plug-in Gradle di App Engine, dipendenze e configurazione delle attività:
buildscript{// Configuration for buildingrepositories{jcenter()// Bintray's repository - a fast Maven Central mirror & moremavenCentral()}dependencies{classpath'com.google.cloud.tools:appengine-gradle-plugin:2.5.0'classpath'org.akhikhl.gretty:gretty:+'}}repositories{// repositories for Jar's you access in your codejcenter()mavenCentral()}applyplugin:'java'applyplugin:'war'applyplugin:'org.akhikhl.gretty'applyplugin:'com.google.cloud.tools.appengine'dependencies{providedCompile'javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:3.1.0'providedCompile'com.google.appengine:appengine:+'// Add your dependencies here.}gretty{servletContainer='jetty9'// What App Engine Flexible uses}appengine{deploy{// deploy configurationstopPreviousVersion=true// default - stop the current versionpromote=true// default - & make this the current version}}group='com.example.appengine'// Generated output GroupIdversion='1.0-SNAPSHOT'// Version in generated outputsourceCompatibility=1.8targetCompatibility=1.8
Devi anche aggiungere i seguenti file al progetto utilizzando un editor di testo o un ambiente di sviluppo integrato (IDE):
Attendi l'avvio del server. Il server viene avviato con l'applicazione in esecuzione quando vedi un messaggio simile a questo:
:prepareInplaceWebAppFolder
:createInplaceWebAppFolder
:compileJava
:processResources UP-TO-DATE
:classes
:prepareInplaceWebAppClasses
:prepareInplaceWebApp
:jettyRun
17:40:05 INFO Jetty 9.2.15.v20160210 started and listening on port 8080
17:40:05 INFO runs at:
17:40:05 INFO http://localhost:8080/
L'attività appengineDeploy e tutte le altre attività Gradle hanno proprietà associate
che puoi utilizzare. Per un elenco completo di attività e proprietà, consulta
Attività e proprietà di App Engine Gradle.
Utilizzare il wrapper Gradle
Gradle fornisce un meccanismo per scaricare ed eseguire la versione richiesta di Gradle
senza installazione:
[[["Facile da capire","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Il problema è stato risolto","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Altra","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Difficile da capire","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Informazioni o codice di esempio errati","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Mancano le informazioni o gli esempi di cui ho bisogno","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problema di traduzione","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Altra","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eGradle, an open-source build automation tool, is used with an App Engine plugin to build and deploy apps to App Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eSetting up a new Gradle project involves initializing the project, creating necessary folders (\u003ccode\u003eWEB-INF\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eappengine\u003c/code\u003e), and modifying the \u003ccode\u003ebuild.gradle\u003c/code\u003e file to include App Engine configurations, repositories, and dependencies.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003ebuild.gradle\u003c/code\u003e file configures settings like build repositories, plugin dependencies, Java version compatibility, Gretty plugin details, and App Engine deployment settings.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eLocal testing of the application can be done by running \u003ccode\u003egradle jettyRun\u003c/code\u003e in the project's root directory, and the app can then be viewed at \u003ccode\u003ehttp://localhost:8080\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDeploying the application to App Engine involves running the command \u003ccode\u003egradle appengineDeploy\u003c/code\u003e, which utilizes the configured settings within the \u003ccode\u003ebuild.gradle\u003c/code\u003e file.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Using Gradle and the App Engine Plugin\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n[Gradle](https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/userguide.html)\nis an open-source build automation tool focused on flexibility and performance.\nApp Engine provides a Gradle plugin that you can use to build and deploy\nyour app to App Engine.\n\nThe code sample demonstrates how to configure the `build.gradle` file to add App Engine\nGradle tasks, Maven repositories, App Engine Gradle plugin, and dependencies.\n\n| **Note:** For information about other ways to build and deploy your app, see [Testing and deploying your app](/appengine/docs/flexible/testing-and-deploying-your-app).\n\nBefore you begin\n----------------\n\n1. [Install Java](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html)\n\n2. [Install Gradle](https://gradle.org/gradle-download/)\n\n3. [Install git](https://git-scm.com/)\n\n4. If you haven't already done so, follow the steps in this\n [guide](/appengine/docs/flexible/setting-up-environment)\n to download the gcloud CLI, create your Google Cloud project, and\n initialize your App Engine app.\n\n5. Install the gcloud CLI `app-engine-java` component:\n\n gcloud components install app-engine-java\n\nCreate a new Gradle project\n---------------------------\n\nYou can create a new Gradle project from scratch using the shell. Alternatively,\nto try out the plugin, you can download, run locally, and deploy\n[the hello world project](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/blob/main/appengine-java21/helloworld/README.md).\n\nTo create a new project:\n\n1. Create a new directory and navigate to it.\n\n2. To initialize a new project:\n\n 1. Run `gradle init`:\n\n gradle init --type java-application\n\n You'll be asked to answer questions:\n - Enter target Java version (min: 7, default: 21): 21\n - Select application structure: 1 for Single application project\n - Select build script DSL: 2 (for Groovy)\n - Select test framework: 1 (for JUnit 4)\n - Generate build using new APIs and behavior: no\n 2. Create the `WEB-INF` folder:\n\n mkdir -p app/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF\n\n 3. Create the `appengine` folder:\n\n mkdir -p app/src/main/appengine\n\n3. Remove the stub files generated by `gradle init`:\n\n rm ./app/src/main/java/org/example/App.java ./app/src/test/java/org/example/AppTest.java\n\n4. Add the following to your `app/build.gradle` file to add App Engine\n Gradle tasks, Maven repositories, the App Engine Gradle plugin,\n dependencies, and task configuration:\n\n\n buildscript { // Configuration for building\n repositories {\n jcenter() // Bintray's repository - a fast Maven Central mirror & more\n mavenCentral()\n }\n dependencies {\n classpath 'com.google.cloud.tools:appengine-gradle-plugin:2.5.0'\n classpath 'org.akhikhl.gretty:gretty:+'\n }\n }\n\n repositories { // repositories for Jar's you access in your code\n jcenter()\n mavenCentral()\n }\n\n apply plugin: 'java'\n apply plugin: 'war'\n apply plugin: 'org.akhikhl.gretty'\n apply plugin: 'com.google.cloud.tools.appengine'\n\n dependencies {\n providedCompile 'javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:3.1.0'\n providedCompile 'com.google.appengine:appengine:+'\n // Add your dependencies here.\n\n }\n\n gretty {\n servletContainer = 'jetty9' // What App Engine Flexible uses\n }\n\n appengine {\n deploy { // deploy configuration\n stopPreviousVersion = true // default - stop the current version\n promote = true // default - & make this the current version\n }\n }\n\n group = 'com.example.appengine' // Generated output GroupId\n version = '1.0-SNAPSHOT' // Version in generated output\n\n sourceCompatibility = 1.8\n targetCompatibility = 1.8\n\n5. You also need to add the following files to your project, using a text\n editor or integrated development environment (IDE):\n\n\n - [`app/src/main/appengine/app.yaml`](/appengine/docs/flexible/java/configuring-your-app-with-app-yaml)\n - [`app/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml`](/appengine/docs/flexible/java/configuring-the-web-xml-deployment-descriptor) (unless your app uses [Servlet 3.1 annotations](https://www.javadoc.io/static/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api/3.1.0/javax/servlet/annotation/package-summary.html))\n - app/src/main/docker/Dockerfile (optional for [custom runtimes](/appengine/docs/flexible/custom-runtimes/build))\n - Java classes\n - Java [testing classes](/appengine/docs/legacy/standard/java/tools/localunittesting)\n\nSee [Set up your development environment](/appengine/docs/flexible/setting-up-environment) for an\noverview of a Java App Engine project.\n\nTesting your application with the development server\n----------------------------------------------------\n\n1. To access Google resources from your project when running locally,\n set the application default credentials by running:\n\n gcloud auth application-default login\n\n2. Change to the root of your application directory.\n\n3. During the development phase, you can run and test your application at any\n time in the development server by invoking Gradle:\n\n gradle jettyRun\n\n Alternatively, you can run Gradle without installing it by [using the Gradle wrapper](#using_the_gradle_wrapper).\n4. Wait for the server to start. The server is started with your\n application running when you see a message similar to this:\n\n ```\n :prepareInplaceWebAppFolder\n :createInplaceWebAppFolder\n :compileJava\n :processResources UP-TO-DATE\n :classes\n :prepareInplaceWebAppClasses\n :prepareInplaceWebApp\n :jettyRun\n 17:40:05 INFO Jetty 9.2.15.v20160210 started and listening on port 8080\n 17:40:05 INFO runs at:\n 17:40:05 INFO http://localhost:8080/\n ```\n5. See your app running at [`http://localhost:8080`](http://localhost:8080).\n\nTo learn more about the [Gretty plugin](https://github.com/akhikhl/gretty),\nsee [Gretty Configuration](http://akhikhl.github.io/gretty-doc/Gretty-configuration.html)\nand [Gretty tasks](http://akhikhl.github.io/gretty-doc/Gretty-tasks).\n\nDeploy your application\n-----------------------\n\nTo deploy your application: \n\n gradle appengineDeploy\n\nThe `appengineDeploy` task and all other Gradle tasks have associated properties\nthat you can use. For a complete list of tasks and properties, refer to\n\n[App Engine Gradle Tasks and Properties](/appengine/docs/flexible/java/gradle-reference).\n\n\nUse the Gradle wrapper\n----------------------\n\nGradle provides a mechanism to download and run the required version of Gradle\nwithout installation: \n\n### Linux/macOS\n\n1. Change to the sample code directory.\n\n2. Run gradlew:\n\n ./gradlew jettyRun\n\n### Windows\n\n1. Change to the sample code directory.\n\n2. Run gradlew:\n\n ./gradlew.bat jettyRun\n\nAdditional information on Gradle can be found in\n\n[App Engine Gradle Tasks and Properties](/appengine/docs/flexible/java/gradle-reference).\n\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Explore the plugin code and report issues on [GitHub](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/app-gradle-plugin).\n- Learn how to specify properties for tasks by referring to [App Engine Gradle Tasks and Properties](/appengine/docs/flexible/java/gradle-reference)."]]
