创建混合集群

在 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 中，混合集群担任管理员集群和用户集群的双重角色。它们运行工作负载，同时管理其他集群以及自身。

在资源受限的情况下，使用混合集群可使您免于运行单独的管理员集群，并提供可用性高 (HA) 的可靠性。在高可用性混合集群中，如果一个节点发生故障，其他节点将取代此节点。

混合集群与独立集群的区别在于，它们也可以管理其他集群。独立集群无法创建或管理其他集群。

但是，创建混合集群时，您需要在灵活性与安全性之间进行一定的权衡。由于混合集群管理自身，因此在同一集群上运行工作负载会增加敏感的管理数据（如 SSH 密钥）的安全漏洞的风险。

您可以使用 bmctl 命令创建具有高可用性 (HA) 控制层面的混合集群。bmctl 命令可以在单独的工作站上运行，也可以在其中一个混合集群节点上运行。

前提条件

  • 从 Cloud Storage 下载了最新的 bmctl (gs://anthos-baremetal-release/bmctl/1.9.8/linux-amd64/bmctl)。
  • 运行 bmctl 的工作站与目标混合集群中的所有节点有网络连接。
  • 运行 bmctl 的工作站与目标混合集群的控制层面 VIP 有网络连接。
  • 用于创建混合集群的 SSH 密钥可供 root 用户使用，或者 SUDO 用户可以访问目标混合集群中的所有节点。
  • Connect-register 服务帐号配置为与 Connect 一起使用。

如需查看创建混合集群的分步说明，请参阅 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 快速入门。

启用 SELinux

如果要启用 SELinux 来保护容器，则必须确保在所有宿主机上以 Enforced 模式启用 SELinux。从 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 1.9.0 版或更高版本开始，您可以在创建集群或升级集群之前或之后启用或停用 SELinux。Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 和 CentOS 上默认启用 SELinux。如果宿主机上停用了 SELinux，或者不确定，请参阅使用 SELinux 保护容器，了解如何启用 SELinux。

Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 仅支持 RHEL 和 CentOS 系统中的 SELinux。

登录 gcloud 并创建混合集群配置文件

  1. 使用 gcloud auth application-default login 以用户身份登录 gcloud：
    2. gcloud auth application-default login
    您需要具有 Project Owner/Editor 角色才能使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能，具体如下所述。您还可以向用户添加以下 IAM 角色：
    • Service Account Admin
    • Service Account Key Admin
    • Project IAM Admin
    • Compute Viewer
    • Service Usage Admin
    或者，如果您已有具备这些角色的服务帐号，请运行以下命令： 
    export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=JSON_KEY_FILE
    JSON_KEY_FILE 指定服务帐号 JSON 密钥文件的路径。
  2. 获取要用于创建集群的 Cloud 项目 ID：
    3. export CLOUD_PROJECT_ID=$(gcloud config get-value project)

使用 bmctl 创建混合集群

登录 gcloud 并设置项目后，您可以使用 bmctl 命令创建集群配置文件。请注意，在此示例中，所有服务帐号都由 bmctl create config 命令自动创建：

bmctl create config -c HYBRID_CLUSTER_NAME --enable-apis \
    --create-service-accounts --project-id=CLOUD_PROJECT_ID

以下示例展示了如何为与项目 ID my-gcp-project 关联且名为 hybrid1 的混合集群创建配置文件：

bmctl create config -c hybrid1 --create-service-accounts --project-id=my-gcp-project

该文件会写入 bmctl-workspace/hybrid1/hybrid1.yaml。

除了自动启用 API 和创建服务帐号外，您还可以为现有服务帐号提供适当的 IAM 权限。也就是说，您可以在上一步中跳过 bmctl 命令中的自动服务帐号创建部分：

bmctl create config -c hybrid1

修改集群配置文件

现在您有了集群配置文件，请对其进行修改以做出以下更改：

  1. 提供 SSH 私钥以访问混合集群节点：

    # bmctl configuration variables. Because this section is valid YAML but not a valid Kubernetes
# resource, this section can only be included when using bmctl to
# create the initial admin/hybrid cluster. Afterwards, when creating user clusters by directly
# applying the cluster and node pool resources to the existing cluster, you must remove this
# section.
gcrKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-gcr.json
sshPrivateKeyPath: /path/to/your/ssh_private_key
gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-connect.json
gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-register.json
cloudOperationsServiceAccountKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-cloud-ops.json

  2. 您必须使用 Connect 将集群注册到项目队列。

    • 如果您使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能创建了配置文件，则可以跳过此步骤。
    • 如果您创建配置文件时未使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能，请在集群配置文件的相应 gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath 和 gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath 字段中引用下载的服务帐号 JSON 密钥。

  3. 更改配置以指定 hybrid 集群类型而不是 admin：

    spec:
  # Cluster type. This can be:
  #   1) admin:  to create an admin cluster. This can later be used to create user clusters.
  #   2) user:   to create a user cluster. Requires an existing admin cluster.
  #   3) hybrid: to create a hybrid cluster that runs admin cluster components and user workloads.
  #   4) standalone: to create a cluster that manages itself, runs user workloads, but does not manage other clusters.
  type: hybrid

  4. 更改配置以指定多节点、高可用性的控制层面。 您需要指定奇数个节点，以通过多数仲裁实现高可用性：

      # Control plane configuration
  controlPlane:
    nodePoolSpec:
      nodes:
      # Control plane node pools. Typically, this is either a single machine
      # or 3 machines if using a high availability deployment.
      - address: 10.200.0.4
      - address: 10.200.0.5
      - address: 10.200.0.6

  5. 指定集群节点的 pod 密度和容器运行时：

    ....
# NodeConfig specifies the configuration that applies to all nodes in the cluster.
nodeConfig:
  # podDensity specifies the pod density configuration.
  podDensity:
    # maxPodsPerNode specifies at most how many pods can be run on a single node.
    maxPodsPerNode: 250
  # containerRuntime specifies which container runtime to use for scheduling containers on nodes.
  # containerd and docker are supported.
  containerRuntime: containerd
....

    对于混合集群，允许的 maxPodsPerNode 值为 32-250（HA 集群）和 64-250（非 HA 集群）。如果未指定 maxPodsPerNode，则默认值为 110。集群创建后，此值无法更新。

    默认容器运行时环境为 containerd。或者，您也可以使用 Docker。如需详细了解如何更改运行时，请参阅我们的更改容器运行时指南。

    pod 密度也受集群的可用 IP 资源的限制。如需了解详情，请参阅 pod 网络。

使用集群配置创建混合集群

使用 bmctl 命令部署集群：

bmctl create cluster -c CLUSTER_NAME

CLUSTER_NAME 指定您在上一部分中创建的集群名称。

以下示例命令为名为 hybrid1 的集群创建配置文件：

bmctl create cluster -c hybrid1

完整的混合集群配置示例

以下是使用 bmctl 命令创建的混合集群配置文件示例。请注意，此示例配置中使用了占位符集群名称、VIP 和地址。这些信息可能不适用于您的网络。

gcrKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-gcr.json
sshPrivateKeyPath: /home/myusername/.ssh/id_rsa
gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-connect.json
gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-register.json
cloudOperationsServiceAccountKeyPath: bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-cloud-ops.json
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: cluster-hybrid1
---
apiVersion: baremetal.cluster.gke.io/v1
kind: Cluster
metadata:
  name: hybrid1
  namespace: cluster-hybrid1
spec:
  # Cluster type. This can be:
  #   1) admin:  to create an admin cluster. This can later be used to create user clusters.
  #   2) user:   to create a user cluster. Requires an existing admin cluster.
  #   3) hybrid: to create a hybrid cluster that runs admin cluster components and user workloads.
  #   4) standalone: to create a cluster that manages itself, runs user workloads, but does not manage other clusters.
  type: hybrid
  # Anthos cluster version.
  anthosBareMetalVersion: 1.9.8
  # GKE connect configuration
  gkeConnect:
    projectID: $GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
  # Control plane configuration
  controlPlane:
    nodePoolSpec:
      nodes:
      # Control plane node pools. Typically, this is either a single machine
      # or 3 machines if using a high availability deployment.
      - address: 10.200.0.4
      - address: 10.200.0.5
      - address: 10.200.0.6
  # Cluster networking configuration
  clusterNetwork:
    # Pods specify the IP ranges from which pod networks are allocated.
    pods:
      cidrBlocks:
      - 192.168.0.0/16
    # Services specify the network ranges from which service virtual IPs are allocated.
    # This can be any RFC 1918 range that does not conflict with any other IP range
    # in the cluster and node pool resources.
    services:
      cidrBlocks:
      - 10.96.0.0/20
  # Load balancer configuration
  loadBalancer:
    # Load balancer mode can be either 'bundled' or 'manual'.
    # In 'bundled' mode a load balancer will be installed on load balancer nodes during cluster creation.
    # In 'manual' mode the cluster relies on a manually-configured external load balancer.
    mode: bundled
    # Load balancer port configuration
    ports:
      # Specifies the port the load balancer serves the Kubernetes control plane on.
      # In 'manual' mode the external load balancer must be listening on this port.
      controlPlaneLBPort: 443
    # There are two load balancer virtual IP (VIP) addresses: one for the control plane
    # and one for the L7 Ingress service. The VIPs must be in the same subnet as the load balancer nodes.
    # These IP addresses do not correspond to physical network interfaces.
    vips:
      # ControlPlaneVIP specifies the VIP to connect to the Kubernetes API server.
      # This address must not be in the address pools below.
      controlPlaneVIP: 10.200.0.71
      # IngressVIP specifies the VIP shared by all services for ingress traffic.
      # Allowed only in non-admin clusters.
      # This address must be in the address pools below.
      ingressVIP: 10.200.0.72
    # AddressPools is a list of non-overlapping IP ranges for the data plane load balancer.
    # All addresses must be in the same subnet as the load balancer nodes.
    # Address pool configuration is only valid for 'bundled' LB mode in non-admin clusters.
    addressPools:
    - name: pool1
      addresses:
      # Each address must be either in the CIDR form (1.2.3.0/24)
      # or range form (1.2.3.1-1.2.3.5).
      - 10.200.0.72-10.200.0.90
    # A load balancer node pool can be configured to specify nodes used for load balancing.
    # These nodes are part of the Kubernetes cluster and run regular workloads as well as load balancers.
    # If the node pool config is absent then the control plane nodes are used.
    # Node pool configuration is only valid for 'bundled' LB mode.
    # nodePoolSpec:
    #  nodes:
    #  - address: <Machine 1 IP>
  # Proxy configuration
  # proxy:
  #   url: http://[username:password@]domain
  #   # A list of IPs, hostnames or domains that should not be proxied.
  #   noProxy:
  #   - 127.0.0.1
  #   - localhost
  # Logging and Monitoring
  clusterOperations:
    # Cloud project for logs and metrics.
    projectID: $GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
    # Cloud location for logs and metrics.
    location: us-central1
    # Whether collection of application logs/metrics should be enabled (in addition to
    # collection of system logs/metrics which correspond to system components such as
    # Kubernetes control plane or cluster management agents).
    # enableApplication: false
  # Storage configuration
  storage:
    # lvpNodeMounts specifies the config for local PersistentVolumes backed by mounted disks.
    # These disks need to be formatted and mounted by the user, which can be done before or after
    # cluster creation.
    lvpNodeMounts:
      # path specifies the host machine path where mounted disks will be discovered and a local PV
      # will be created for each mount.
      path: /mnt/localpv-disk
      # storageClassName specifies the StorageClass that PVs will be created with. The StorageClass
      # is created during cluster creation.
      storageClassName: local-disks
    # lvpShare specifies the config for local PersistentVolumes backed by subdirectories in a shared filesystem.
    # These subdirectories are automatically created during cluster creation.
    lvpShare:
      # path specifies the host machine path where subdirectories will be created on each host. A local PV
      # will be created for each subdirectory.
      path: /mnt/localpv-share
      # storageClassName specifies the StorageClass that PVs will be created with. The StorageClass
      # is created during cluster creation.
      storageClassName: local-shared
      # numPVUnderSharedPath specifies the number of subdirectories to create under path.
      numPVUnderSharedPath: 5
  # NodeConfig specifies the configuration that applies to all nodes in the cluster.
  nodeConfig:
    # podDensity specifies the pod density configuration.
    podDensity:
      # maxPodsPerNode specifies at most how many pods can be run on a single node.
      maxPodsPerNode: 250
    # containerRuntime specifies which container runtime to use for scheduling containers on nodes.
    # containerd and docker are supported.
    containerRuntime: containerd
  # KubeVirt configuration, uncomment this section if you want to install kubevirt to the cluster
  # kubevirt:
  #   # if useEmulation is enabled, hardware accelerator (i.e relies on cpu feature like vmx or svm)
  #   # will not be attempted. QEMU will be used for software emulation.
  #   # useEmulation must be specified for KubeVirt installation
  #   useEmulation: false
  # Authentication; uncomment this section if you wish to enable authentication to the cluster with OpenID Connect.
  # authentication:
  #   oidc:
  #     # issuerURL specifies the URL of your OpenID provider, such as "https://accounts.google.com". The Kubernetes API
  #     # server uses this URL to discover public keys for verifying tokens. Must use HTTPS.
  #     issuerURL: <URL for OIDC Provider; required>
  #     # clientID specifies the ID for the client application that makes authentication requests to the OpenID
  #     # provider.
  #     clientID: <ID for OIDC client application; required>
  #     # clientSecret specifies the secret for the client application.
  #     clientSecret: <Secret for OIDC client application; optional>
  #     # kubectlRedirectURL specifies the redirect URL (required) for the gcloud CLI, such as
  #     # "http://localhost:[PORT]/callback".
  #     kubectlRedirectURL: <Redirect URL for the gcloud CLI; optional, default is "http://kubectl.redirect.invalid">
  #     # username specifies the JWT claim to use as the username. The default is "sub", which is expected to be a
  #     # unique identifier of the end user.
  #     username: <JWT claim to use as the username; optional, default is "sub">
  #     # usernamePrefix specifies the prefix prepended to username claims to prevent clashes with existing names.
  #     usernamePrefix: <Prefix prepended to username claims; optional>
  #     # group specifies the JWT claim that the provider will use to return your security groups.
  #     group: <JWT claim to use as the group name; optional>
  #     # groupPrefix specifies the prefix prepended to group claims to prevent clashes with existing names.
  #     groupPrefix: <Prefix prepended to group claims; optional>
  #     # scopes specifies additional scopes to send to the OpenID provider as a comma-delimited list.
  #     scopes: <Additional scopes to send to OIDC provider as a comma-separated list; optional>
  #     # extraParams specifies additional key-value parameters to send to the OpenID provider as a comma-delimited
  #     # list.
  #     extraParams: <Additional key-value parameters to send to OIDC provider as a comma-separated list; optional>
  #     # proxy specifies the proxy server to use for the cluster to connect to your OIDC provider, if applicable.
  #     # Example: https://user:password@10.10.10.10:8888. If left blank, this defaults to no proxy.
  #     proxy: <Proxy server to use for the cluster to connect to your OIDC provider; optional, default is no proxy>
  #     # deployCloudConsoleProxy specifies whether to deploy a reverse proxy in the cluster to allow Google Cloud
  #     # Console access to the on-premises OIDC provider for authenticating users. If your identity provider is not
  #     # reachable over the public internet, and you wish to authenticate using Google Cloud console, then this field
  #     # must be set to true. If left blank, this field defaults to false.
  #     deployCloudConsoleProxy: <Whether to deploy a reverse proxy for Google Cloud console authentication; optional>
  #     # certificateAuthorityData specifies a Base64 PEM-encoded certificate authority certificate of your identity
  #     # provider. It's not needed if your identity provider's certificate was issued by a well-known public CA.
  #     # However, if deployCloudConsoleProxy is true, then this value must be provided, even for a well-known public
  #     # CA.
  #     certificateAuthorityData: <Base64 PEM-encoded certificate authority certificate of your OIDC provider; optional>
  # Node access configuration; uncomment this section if you wish to use a non-root user
  # with passwordless sudo capability for machine login.
  # nodeAccess:
  #   loginUser: <login user name>
---
# Node pools for worker nodes
apiVersion: baremetal.cluster.gke.io/v1
kind: NodePool
metadata:
  name: node-pool-1
  namespace: cluster-hybrid1
spec:
  clusterName: hybrid1
  nodes:
  - address: 10.200.0.7
  - address: 10.200.0.8