创建独立集群

在 Anthos clusters on Bare Metal 中，独立集群运行工作负载并管理自身，但无法管理其他集群。在资源受限的情况下，使用独立集群可使您免于运行单独的管理员集群。

创建独立集群时，您需要在减少资源和整体安全性之间进行一定的权衡。由于独立集群管理自身，因此在同一集群上运行工作负载会增加敏感的管理数据（如 SSH 密钥）的安全漏洞的风险。

您可以使用 bmctl 命令创建具有单个控制层面的独立集群。bmctl 命令可以在单独的工作站或某一个独立集群节点上运行。请注意，这种配置虽然使用的资源更少，但是无法提供高可用性 (HA)，并且生成的集群具有单一故障点。

您也可以在独立模式下创建高可用性 (HA) 集群。在高可用性独立集群中，如果一个节点发生故障，其他节点将取代此节点。您可以通过为控制层面指定多个节点来创建高可用性集群。

预备知识：

  • 从 Cloud Storage 下载了最新的 bmctl (gs://anthos-baremetal-release/bmctl/1.7.7/linux-amd64/bmctl)。
  • 运行 bmctl 的工作站与目标独立集群中的所有节点有网络连接。
  • 运行 bmctl 的工作站与目标独立集群的控制平面 VIP 有网络连接。
  • 用于创建独立集群的 SSH 密钥可供 root 用户使用，或者 SUDO 用户可以访问目标独立集群中的所有节点。
  • 对于 1.7.0 及更高版本，连接注册表服务帐号配置为与 Connect 搭配使用。

登录 gcloud 并创建独立集群配置文件

  1. 使用 gcloud auth application-default login 以用户身份登录 gcloud：
    2. gcloud auth application-default login
    您需要具有 Project Owner/Editor 角色才能使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能，具体如下所述。您还可以向用户添加以下 IAM 角色：
    • Service Account Admin
    • Service Account Key Admin
    • Project IAM Admin
    • Compute Viewer
    • Service Usage Admin
    或者，如果您已有具备这些角色的服务帐号，请运行以下命令： 
    export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=JSON_KEY_FILE
    JSON_KEY_FILE 指定服务帐号 JSON 密钥文件的路径。
  2. 获取要用于创建集群的 Cloud 项目 ID：
    3. export CLOUD_PROJECT_ID=$(gcloud config get-value project)

使用 bmctl 创建独立集群配置文件

登录 gcloud 并设置项目后，您可以使用 bmctl 命令创建集群配置文件。请注意，在此示例中，所有服务帐号都由 bmctl create config 命令自动创建：

bmctl create config -c STANDALONE_CLUSTER_NAME --enable-apis \
    --create-service-accounts --project-id=CLOUD_PROJECT_ID

以下示例展示了如何为与项目 ID my-gcp-project 关联且名为 standalone1 的独立集群创建配置文件：

bmctl create config -c standalone1 --create-service-accounts --project-id=my-gcp-project

该文件将写入 bmctl-workspace/standalone1/standalone1.yaml。

除了自动启用 API 和创建服务帐号外，您还可以为现有服务帐号提供适当的 IAM 权限。也就是说，您可以在上一步中跳过 bmctl 命令中的自动服务帐号创建部分：

bmctl create config -c standalone1

修改集群配置文件

现在您有了集群配置文件，请对其进行修改以做出以下更改：

  1. 提供 SSH 私钥以访问独立集群节点：

    
# bmctl configuration variables. Because this section is valid YAML but not a valid Kubernetes
# resource, this section can only be included when using bmctl to
# create the initial admin/hybrid cluster. Afterwards, when creating user clusters by directly
# applying the cluster and node pool resources to the existing cluster, you must remove this
# section.
gcrKeyPath:
/bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-gcr.json
sshPrivateKeyPath: /path/to/your/ssh_private_key
gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-connect.json
gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-register.json
cloudOperationsServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-cloud-ops.json

  2. 对于 1.7.0 及更高版本，必须通过 Connect 将集群注册到项目队列。

    • 如果您使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能创建了配置文件，则可以跳过此步骤。
    • 如果您创建配置文件时未使用自动 API 启用和服务帐号创建功能，请在集群配置文件的相应 gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath 和 gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath 字段中引用下载的服务帐号 JSON 密钥。

  3. 更改配置以指定 standalone 集群类型而不是 admin：

    spec:
  # Cluster type. This can be:
  #   1) admin:  to create an admin cluster. This can later be used to create user clusters.
  #   2) user:   to create a user cluster. Requires an existing admin cluster.
  #   3) hybrid: to create a hybrid cluster that runs admin cluster components and user workloads.
  #   4) standalone: to create a cluster that manages itself, runs user workloads, but does not manage other clusters.
  type: standalone

  4. （可选）更改配置以指定多节点、高可用性的控制平面。指定奇数个节点，以通过多数仲裁实现高可用性：

      # Control plane configuration
  controlPlane:
    nodePoolSpec:
      nodes:
      # Control plane node pools. Typically, this is either a single machine
      # or 3 machines if using a high availability deployment.
      - address: 10.200.0.4
      - address: 10.200.0.5
      - address: 10.200.0.6

  5. 指定集群节点的 pod 密度和容器运行时：

    ....
# NodeConfig specifies the configuration that applies to all nodes in the cluster.
nodeConfig:
  # podDensity specifies the pod density configuration.
  podDensity:
    # maxPodsPerNode specifies at most how many pods can be run on a single node.
    maxPodsPerNode: 250
  # containerRuntime specifies which container runtime to use for scheduling containers on nodes.
  # containerd and docker are supported.
  containerRuntime: containerd
....

    对于独立集群，允许的 maxPodsPerNode 值为 32-250（HA 集群）和 64-250（非 HA 集群）。如果未指定，则默认值为 110。集群创建后，此值无法更新。

    pod 密度也受集群的可用 IP 资源的限制。如需了解详情，请参阅 pod 网络。

使用集群配置创建独立集群

使用 bmctl 命令部署独立集群：

bmctl create cluster -c CLUSTER_NAME

CLUSTER_NAME 指定您在上一部分中创建的集群的名称。

以下示例命令创建名为 standalone1 的集群：

bmctl create cluster -c standalone1

完整的独立集群配置示例

以下是使用 bmctl 命令创建的独立集群配置文件示例。请注意，此示例配置中使用了占位符集群名称、VIP 和地址。这些信息可能不适用于您的网络。

gcrKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-gcr.json
sshPrivateKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.ssh/id_rsa
gkeConnectAgentServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-connect.json
gkeConnectRegisterServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-register.json
cloudOperationsServiceAccountKeyPath: /bmctl/bmctl-workspace/.sa-keys/my-gcp-project-anthos-baremetal-cloud-ops.json
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: cluster-standalone1
---
apiVersion: baremetal.cluster.gke.io/v1
kind: Cluster
metadata:
  name: standalone1
  namespace: cluster-standalone1
spec:
  # Cluster type. This can be:
  #   1) admin:  to create an admin cluster. This can later be used to create user clusters.
  #   2) user:   to create a user cluster. Requires an existing admin cluster.
  #   3) hybrid: to create a hybrid cluster that runs admin cluster components and user workloads.
  #   4) standalone: to create a cluster that manages itself, runs user workloads, but does not manage other clusters.
  type: standalone
  # Anthos cluster version.
  anthosBareMetalVersion: 1.7.7
  # GKE connect configuration
  gkeConnect:
    projectID: $GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
  # Control plane configuration
  controlPlane:
    nodePoolSpec:
      nodes:
      # Control plane node pools. Typically, this is either a single machine
      # or 3 machines if using a high availability deployment.
      - address: 10.200.0.4
  # Cluster networking configuration
  clusterNetwork:
    # Pods specify the IP ranges from which pod networks are allocated.
    pods:
      cidrBlocks:
      - 192.168.0.0/16
    # Services specify the network ranges from which service virtual IPs are allocated.
    # This can be any RFC 1918 range that does not conflict with any other IP range
    # in the cluster and node pool resources.
    services:
      cidrBlocks:
      - 10.96.0.0/20
  # Load balancer configuration
  loadBalancer:
    # Load balancer mode can be either 'bundled' or 'manual'.
    # In 'bundled' mode a load balancer will be installed on load balancer nodes during cluster creation.
    # In 'manual' mode the cluster relies on a manually-configured external load balancer.
    mode: bundled
    # Load balancer port configuration
    ports:
      # Specifies the port the load balancer serves the Kubernetes control plane on.
      # In 'manual' mode the external load balancer must be listening on this port.
      controlPlaneLBPort: 443
    # There are two load balancer virtual IP (VIP) addresses: one for the control plane
    # and one for the L7 Ingress service. The VIPs must be in the same subnet as the load balancer nodes.
    # These IP addresses do not correspond to physical network interfaces.
    vips:
      # ControlPlaneVIP specifies the VIP to connect to the Kubernetes API server.
      # This address must not be in the address pools below.
      controlPlaneVIP: 10.200.0.71
      # IngressVIP specifies the VIP shared by all services for ingress traffic.
      # Allowed only in non-admin clusters.
      # This address must be in the address pools below.
      ingressVIP: 10.200.0.72
    # AddressPools is a list of non-overlapping IP ranges for the data plane load balancer.
    # All addresses must be in the same subnet as the load balancer nodes.
    # Address pool configuration is only valid for 'bundled' LB mode in non-admin clusters.
    addressPools:
    - name: pool1
      addresses:
      # Each address must be either in the CIDR form (1.2.3.0/24)
      # or range form (1.2.3.1-1.2.3.5).
      - 10.200.0.72-10.200.0.90
    # A load balancer node pool can be configured to specify nodes used for load balancing.
    # These nodes are part of the Kubernetes cluster and run regular workloads as well as load balancers.
    # If the node pool config is absent then the control plane nodes are used.
    # Node pool configuration is only valid for 'bundled' LB mode.
    # nodePoolSpec:
    #  nodes:
    #  - address: <Machine 1 IP>
  # Proxy configuration
  # proxy:
  #   url: http://[username:password@]domain
  #   # A list of IPs, hostnames or domains that should not be proxied.
  #   noProxy:
  #   - 127.0.0.1
  #   - localhost
  # Logging and Monitoring
  clusterOperations:
    # Cloud project for logs and metrics.
    projectID: $GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
    # Cloud location for logs and metrics.
    location: us-central1
    # Whether collection of application logs/metrics should be enabled (in addition to
    # collection of system logs/metrics which correspond to system components such as
    # Kubernetes control plane or cluster management agents).
    # enableApplication: false
  # Storage configuration
  storage:
    # lvpNodeMounts specifies the config for local PersistentVolumes backed by mounted disks.
    # These disks need to be formatted and mounted by the user, which can be done before or after
    # cluster creation.
    lvpNodeMounts:
      # path specifies the host machine path where mounted disks will be discovered and a local PV
      # will be created for each mount.
      path: /mnt/localpv-disk
      # storageClassName specifies the StorageClass that PVs will be created with. The StorageClass
      # is created during cluster creation.
      storageClassName: local-disks
    # lvpShare specifies the config for local PersistentVolumes backed by subdirectories in a shared filesystem.
    # These subdirectories are automatically created during cluster creation.
    lvpShare:
      # path specifies the host machine path where subdirectories will be created on each host. A local PV
      # will be created for each subdirectory.
      path: /mnt/localpv-share
      # storageClassName specifies the StorageClass that PVs will be created with. The StorageClass
      # is created during cluster creation.
      storageClassName: local-shared
      # numPVUnderSharedPath specifies the number of subdirectories to create under path.
      numPVUnderSharedPath: 5
  # NodeConfig specifies the configuration that applies to all nodes in the cluster.
  nodeConfig:
    # podDensity specifies the pod density configuration.
    podDensity:
      # maxPodsPerNode specifies at most how many pods can be run on a single node.
      maxPodsPerNode: 250
    # containerRuntime specifies which container runtime to use for scheduling containers on nodes.
    # containerd and docker are supported.
    containerRuntime: containerd
  # KubeVirt configuration, uncomment this section if you want to install kubevirt to the cluster
  # kubevirt:
  #   # if useEmulation is enabled, hardware accelerator (i.e relies on cpu feature like vmx or svm)
  #   # will not be attempted. QEMU will be used for software emulation.
  #   # useEmulation must be specified for KubeVirt installation
  #   useEmulation: false
  # Authentication; uncomment this section if you wish to enable authentication to the cluster with OpenID Connect.
  # authentication:
  #   oidc:
  #     # issuerURL specifies the URL of your OpenID provider, such as "https://accounts.google.com". The Kubernetes API
  #     # server uses this URL to discover public keys for verifying tokens. Must use HTTPS.
  #     issuerURL: <URL for OIDC Provider; required>
  #     # clientID specifies the ID for the client application that makes authentication requests to the OpenID
  #     # provider.
  #     clientID: <ID for OIDC client application; required>
  #     # clientSecret specifies the secret for the client application.
  #     clientSecret: <Secret for OIDC client application; optional>
  #     # kubectlRedirectURL specifies the redirect URL (required) for the gcloud CLI, such as
  #     # "http://localhost:[PORT]/callback".
  #     kubectlRedirectURL: <Redirect URL for the gcloud CLI; optional, default is "http://kubectl.redirect.invalid">
  #     # username specifies the JWT claim to use as the username. The default is "sub", which is expected to be a
  #     # unique identifier of the end user.
  #     username: <JWT claim to use as the username; optional, default is "sub">
  #     # usernamePrefix specifies the prefix prepended to username claims to prevent clashes with existing names.
  #     usernamePrefix: <Prefix prepended to username claims; optional>
  #     # group specifies the JWT claim that the provider will use to return your security groups.
  #     group: <JWT claim to use as the group name; optional>
  #     # groupPrefix specifies the prefix prepended to group claims to prevent clashes with existing names.
  #     groupPrefix: <Prefix prepended to group claims; optional>
  #     # scopes specifies additional scopes to send to the OpenID provider as a comma-delimited list.
  #     scopes: <Additional scopes to send to OIDC provider as a comma-separated list; optional>
  #     # extraParams specifies additional key-value parameters to send to the OpenID provider as a comma-delimited
  #     # list.
  #     extraParams: <Additional key-value parameters to send to OIDC provider as a comma-separated list; optional>
  #     # proxy specifies the proxy server to use for the cluster to connect to your OIDC provider, if applicable.
  #     # Example: https://user:password@10.10.10.10:8888. If left blank, this defaults to no proxy.
  #     proxy: <Proxy server to use for the cluster to connect to your OIDC provider; optional, default is no proxy>
  #     # deployCloudConsoleProxy specifies whether to deploy a reverse proxy in the cluster to allow Google Cloud
  #     # Console access to the on-premises OIDC provider for authenticating users. If your identity provider is not
  #     # reachable over the public internet, and you wish to authenticate using Google Cloud console, then this field
  #     # must be set to true. If left blank, this field defaults to false.
  #     deployCloudConsoleProxy: <Whether to deploy a reverse proxy for Google Cloud console authentication; optional>
  #     # certificateAuthorityData specifies a Base64 PEM-encoded certificate authority certificate of your identity
  #     # provider. It's not needed if your identity provider's certificate was issued by a well-known public CA.
  #     # However, if deployCloudConsoleProxy is true, then this value must be provided, even for a well-known public
  #     # CA.
  #     certificateAuthorityData: <Base64 PEM-encoded certificate authority certificate of your OIDC provider; optional>
  # Node access configuration; uncomment this section if you wish to use a non-root user
  # with passwordless sudo capability for machine login.
  # nodeAccess:
  #   loginUser: <login user name>
---
# Node pools for worker nodes
apiVersion: baremetal.cluster.gke.io/v1
kind: NodePool
metadata:
  name: node-pool-1
  namespace: cluster-standalone1
spec:
  clusterName: standalone1
  nodes:
  - address: 10.200.0.5
  - address: 10.200.0.6