Configuring logging and monitoring

Google Distributed Cloud includes multiple options for cluster logging and monitoring, including cloud-based managed services, open source tools, and validated compatibility with third-party commercial solutions. This page explains these options and provides some basic guidance on selecting the proper solution for your environment.

Options for Google Distributed Cloud

You have several logging and monitoring options for your Google Distributed Cloud clusters:

  • Cloud Logging and Cloud Monitoring, enabled by default on Bare Metal system components.
  • Prometheus and Grafana is available from the Cloud Marketplace.
  • Validated configurations with third-party solutions.

Cloud Logging and Cloud Monitoring

Google Cloud Observability is the built-in observability solution for Google Cloud. It offers a fully managed logging solution, metrics collection, monitoring, dashboarding, and alerting. Cloud Monitoring monitors Google Distributed Cloud clusters in a similar way as cloud-based GKE clusters.

The agents can be configured with two different levels of logging and monitoring:

  • System components only (default).
  • System components and applications.

Logging and Monitoring provide an ideal solution if you want a single, easy-to-configure, powerful cloud-based observability solution. We highly recommend Logging and Monitoring when running workloads only on Google Distributed Cloud, or workloads on GKE and Google Distributed Cloud. For applications with components running on Google Distributed Cloud and traditional on-premises infrastructure, you might consider other solutions for an end-to-end view of those applications.

Prometheus and Grafana

Prometheus and Grafana are two popular open source monitoring products available in the Cloud Marketplace:

  • Prometheus collects application and system metrics.

  • Alertmanager handles sending alerts out with several different alerting mechanisms.

  • Grafana is a dashboarding tool.

Prometheus and Grafana can be enabled on each admin cluster and user cluster. Prometheus and Grafana is recommended for application teams with prior experience with those products, or for operational teams who prefer to retain application metrics within the cluster and for troubleshooting issues when network connectivity is lost.

Third-party solutions

Google has worked with several third-party logging and monitoring solution providers to help their products work well with Google Distributed Cloud. These include Datadog, Elastic, and Splunk. Additional validated third parties will be added in the future.

The following solution guides are available for using third-party solutions with Google Distributed Cloud:

How Logging and Monitoring for Google Distributed Cloud works

Cloud Logging and Cloud Monitoring are installed and activated in each cluster when you create a new admin or user cluster.

The Stackdriver agents include several components on each cluster:

  • Stackdriver Operator (stackdriver-operator-*). Manages the lifecycle for all other Stackdriver agents deployed onto the cluster.

  • Stackdriver Custom Resource. A resource that is automatically created as part of the Google Distributed Cloud installation process.

  • Stackdriver Log Forwarder (stackdriver-log-forwarder-*). A Fluent Bit daemonset that forwards logs from each machine to the Cloud Logging. The log Forwarder buffers the log entries on the node locally and re-sends them for up to 4 hours. If the buffer gets full or if the Log Forwarder can't reach the Cloud Logging API for more than 4 hours, logs are dropped.

  • Stackdriver Metadata Collector (stackdriver-metadata-agent-). A deployment that sends metadata for Kubernetes resources such as pods, deployments, or nodes to the Stackdriver Resource Metadata API; this data is used to enrich metric queries by enabling you to query by deployment name, node name, or even Kubernetes service name.

You can see all of the agents installed by Stackdriver by running the following command:

  kubectl -n kube-system get pods | grep stackdriver

The output of this command is similar to the following:

stackdriver-log-forwarder-bpf8g               1/1     Running   0   4h31m
stackdriver-log-forwarder-cht4m               1/1     Running   0   4h31m
stackdriver-log-forwarder-fth5s               1/1     Running   0   4h31m
stackdriver-log-forwarder-kw4j2               1/1     Running   0   4h29m
stackdriver-metadata-agent-cluster-level...   1/1     Running   0   4h31m
stackdriver-operator-76ddb64d57-4tcj9         1/1     Running   0   4h37m

Cloud Monitoring metrics

For a list of metrics collected by Cloud Monitoring, see Google Distributed Cloud and Google Distributed Cloud metrics.

Configuring Stackdriver agents for Google Distributed Cloud

The Stackdriver agents installed with Google Distributed Cloud collect data about system components, subject to your settings and configuration, for the purposes of maintaining and troubleshooting issues with your Google Distributed Cloud clusters, in one of the following modes.

System Components Only (Default Mode)

Upon installation, Stackdriver agents are configured by default to collect logs and metrics, including performance details (for example, CPU and memory utilization), and similar metadata, for Google-provided system components. These include all workloads in the admin cluster, and for user clusters, workloads in the kube-system, gke-system, gke-connect, istio-system, and config-management- system namespaces.

Stackdriver Disabled

Stackdriver agents can be disabled completely by deleting the Stackdriver custom resource.

Before you disable Stackdriver, see the support page for details about how this affects Google Cloud Support's SLAs.

To disable Stackdriver for Google Distributed Cloud:

kubectl -n kube-system delete stackdrivers stackdriver

Stackdriver agents capture data stored locally, subject to your storage and retention configuration. The data is replicated to the Google Cloud project specified at installation by using a service account that is authorized to write data to that project. Stackdriver agents can be disabled at anytime, as described earlier. Data collected by Stackdriver agents can be managed and deleted like any other metric and log data, as described in the Cloud Monitoring documentation.

Overriding the default CPU and memory requests and limits for a Stackdriver component

Clusters with high pod density introduce higher logging and monitoring overhead. In extreme cases, Stackdriver components may report close to the CPU and memory utilization limit or even may be subject to constant restarts due to resource limits. In this case, you can set a request and limit override.

Metrics Server

Metrics Server is the source of the container resource metrics for various autoscaling pipelines. Metrics Server retrieves metrics from kubelets and exposes them through the Kubernetes Metrics API. HPA and VPA then use these metrics to determine when to trigger autoscaling. Metrics server is scaled using addon- resizer.

In extreme cases where high pod density creates too much logging and monitoring overhead, Metrics Server might be stopped and restarted due to resource limitations. In this case, you can override the request and limit.

Configuration requirements for Logging and Monitoring

There are several configuration requirements to enable Cloud Logging and Cloud Monitoring with Google Distributed Cloud. These steps are included in Configuring a service account for use with Logging and Monitoring on the Enabling Google services page, and in the following list:

  1. A Cloud Monitoring Workspace must be created within the Google Cloud project. This is accomplished by clicking Monitoring in Google Cloud console and following the workflow.

  2. You need to enable the following Stackdriver APIs:

  3. You need to assign the following IAM roles to the service account used by the Stackdriver agents:

    • logging.logWriter
    • monitoring.metricWriter
    • stackdriver.resourceMetadata.writer
    • monitoring.dashboardEditor

Pricing

There is no charge for Anthos system logs and metrics.

In a Google Distributed Cloud cluster, Anthos system logs and metrics include the following:

  • Logs and metrics from all components in an admin cluster
  • Logs and metrics from components in these namespaces in a user cluster: kube-system, gke-system, gke-connect, knative-serving, istio-system, monitoring-system, config-management-system, gatekeeper-system, cnrm-system

For more information, see Pricing for Google Cloud Observability.

To learn about credit for Cloud Logging metrics, contact sales for pricing.