本頁面說明如何手動將 PostGIS 擴充功能新增至現有的 AlloyDB Omni 安裝項目。PostGIS 擴充功能可儲存、建立索引及查詢地理空間資料。
你可以使用下列任一方法安裝 PostGIS:
- 在 Docker 或 Podman CLI 中使用 Debian 選項。Docker 依賴精靈,且大多數作業都需要 root 權限,而 Podman 則不需要精靈和 root 權限。
- 使用 Red Hat Universal Base Images (UBI)。UBI 容器基礎作業系統映像檔是根據 Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 的部分內容建構而成。
事前準備
在系統上安裝 AlloyDB Omni。
在 AlloyDB Omni 安裝中新增 PostGIS
如要將 PostGIS 擴充功能新增至 AlloyDB Omni 安裝項目,請按照下列步驟操作:
找出已安裝的 AlloyDB Omni 版本標籤:
Docker
docker run --rm -it google/alloydbomni cat VERSION.txt
Podman
podman run --rm -it google/alloydbomni cat VERSION.txt
輸出結果會與下列內容相似:
AlloyDB Omni version: 16.3.0
記下 AlloyDB Omni 版本號碼,因為下一個步驟會用到。
設定
OMNI_VERSION
環境變數:OMNI_VERSION=VERSION
將
VERSION
替換為上一步的完整資料庫伺服器版本,例如16.3.0
。建構包含 PostGIS 擴充功能的自訂 Docker 映像檔:
mkdir ~/alloydb-omni-postgis cd ~/alloydb-omni-postgis sudo dnf install -y subscription-manager sudo subscription-manager register --username EMAIL --password PASSWORD --auto-attach sudo mkdir -p entitlement rhsm-conf rhsm-ca sudo cp -r /etc/pki/entitlement/* entitlement/ sudo cp -r /etc/rhsm/rhsm.conf rhsm-conf/ sudo cp -r /etc/rhsm/ca/* rhsm-ca/ cat <<EOF > Dockerfile FROM google/alloydbomni:16.3.0-ubi COPY ./entitlement /etc/pki/entitlement COPY ./rhsm-conf /etc/rhsm COPY ./rhsm-ca /etc/rhsm/ca RUN arch=$(uname -m) && \ subscription-manager repos --enable codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-${arch}-rpms && \ dnf install -y \ https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-9-${arch}/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm && \ dnf install -y postgresql16-server postgis34_16 && \ dnf clean all # On RHEL-based systems, PostgreSQL extensions like Orafce and PostGIS are typically installed in /usr/pgsql-16/share/extension and /usr/pgsql-16/lib. # This step creates symbolic links to those files in the paths expected by AlloyDB Omni, # which lets AlloyDB Omni locate extension control files and shared libraries without duplicating data. RUN for file in /usr/pgsql-16/share/extension/*; do \ target="/usr/lib/postgresql/16/share/extension/$(realpath -m --relative-to=/usr/pgsql-16/share/extension/ "$file")"; \ if [ ! -e "$target" ]; then \ ln -s "$file" "$target" || (echo "Failed to link \"$file\" to \"$target\", exiting." && exit 1); \ else \ echo "$target already exists"; \ fi; \ done && \ for file in /usr/pgsql-16/lib/*; do \ target="/usr/lib/postgresql/16/lib/$(realpath -m --relative-to=/usr/pgsql-16/lib/ "$file")"; \ if [ ! -e "$target" ]; then \ ln -s "$file" "$target" || (echo "Failed to link \"$file\" to \"$target\", exiting." && exit 1); \ else \ echo "$target already exists"; \ fi; \ done EOF
使用 AlloyDB Omni 建立名為
my-omni-postgis
的新容器:Docker
docker build -t google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:latest docker run --name my-omni-postgis -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=NEW_PASSWORD -d google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:OMNI_VERSION
Podman
podman run --name my-omni-postgis -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=NEW_PASSWORD -d google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:OMNI_VERSION
使用 PostGIS 擴充功能連線至資料庫:
docker exec -it my-omni-postgis psql -h localhost -U postgres
啟用 PostGIS:
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS POSTGIS; SELECT postgis_full_version();
輸出看起來類似以下內容:
postgres=# SELECT postgis_full_version(); postgis_full_version -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- POSTGIS="3.3.2 4975da8" [EXTENSION] PGSQL="150" GEOS="3.11.1-CAPI-1.17.1" PROJ="9.1.1" LIBXML="2.9.14" LIBJSON="0.16" LIBPROTOBUF="1.4.1" WAGYU="0.5.0 (Internal)" (1 row)